Article
Environmental Sciences
Rosalba Muzzillo, Livia Emanuela Zuffiano, Enzo Rizzo, Filomena Canora, Luigi Capozzoli, Valeria Giampaolo, Giorgio De Giorgio, Francesco Sdao, Maurizio Polemio
Summary: The Metaponto coastal plain in southern Italy has been significantly impacted by modern irrigation systems, land reclamation works, overexploitation of wells, and agricultural and industrial activities, resulting in groundwater and soil salinization with increased risks of seawater intrusion. This study used a multidisciplinary approach to explore the proneness to seawater intrusion, revealing areas with higher risks and emphasizing the importance of detailed knowledge of aquifer bottom patterns for effective management.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A-S Mreyen, L. Cauchie, M. Micu, A. Onaca, H-B Havenith
Summary: The study in this paper analyzed the Balta rockslide located in the seismic region of Vrancea-Buzau in the Romanian Carpathian Mountains. By applying various geophysical techniques, it characterized the fractured rock material on the landslide body and mountain crest above the detachment scarp, revealing a possible trend of increasing fragmentation of rockslide material towards the valley bottom.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Matthias Leopold, Conrad Gupanis-Broadway, Andy Baker, Stuart Hankin, Pauline Treble
Summary: This study validated a theoretical hydrological model of the karst critical zone by using time-lapse electric resistivity tomography (TL-ERT) to monitor the area above Golgotha Cave in Western Australia. The TL-ERT program identified previously unknown permanent water storages and fast hydrological flow pathways, confirming and extending the existing hydrogeological model. The resulting conceptual model showcased annual recharge patterns, preferential flow paths, and time lags between soil moisture saturation and seasonal connections in the karst system.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Umair Bin Nisar, Muhammad Farooq, Sarfraz Khan, Ramesh Raj Pant, Iftikhar A. Satti, Ali Wahid, Faizan ur Rehman Qaiser, Syed Amjad Ali Bukhari, Furqan Mahmud Butt
Summary: The research successfully detected the seepage zones in an earth-filled reservoir dam in North Waziristan, Pakistan by integrating geological, geotechnical, and geophysical datasets. Geological survey revealed highly deformed alluvium underlain by compressed shale and highly fractured limestone beds. Geotechnical data showed high permeability, Lugeon values, and concentration of sand and gravel towards the right abutment whereas low permeability, Lugeon values, and higher concentration of silt and clay were observed towards the left abutment. ERT data identified a conductive zone embedded between impermeable lithologies. The integration of all the datasets revealed a network of interconnected joints that allow water to pass through the right abutment and leak downstream.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin Mary, Andrea Sottani, Jacopo Boaga, Italo Camerin, Rita Deiana, Giorgio Cassiani
Summary: This study presents a non-invasive approach using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to identify the state of underlying subsoil in a closed urban waste landfill. The results showed the absence of large karstic cavities and indicated the presence of electrically conductive anomaly potentially linked to leachate release. The approach proved to be a valuable tool for characterizing and monitoring closed landfills.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Van Hong Nguyen, Joern Germer, Folkard Asch
Summary: The study evaluates topsoil salinity in the Vietnam Mekong Delta and explores a potential link between topsoil salinity and rice production systems. The results highlight the usefulness of geophysical methods in assessing and monitoring soil salinity at an agricultural scale, providing valuable insights for agricultural production.
JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marco D. Vasconez-Maza, Maria C. Bueso, Javier Mulas, Angel Faz, Marcos A. Martinez-Segura
Summary: This paper presents a methodology for characterizing phosphogypsum deposits using geophysical, geochemical, and statistical tools. The study finds that phosphogypsum contains heavy metals and long-lived radioactive elements, with chromium being the most concentrated metal. The results also show that the ambient dose equivalent is significantly higher in the study area surface and the phosphogypsum layer compared to the European average. Statistical correlation analysis supports the increase in radiation due to the presence of uranium.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alberto Godio, Fulvia Chiampo
Summary: This study investigates the geophysical monitoring of landfill leachate recirculation using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The results demonstrate the reliability of ERT in qualitatively detecting the impact of leachate circulation on the landfill volume.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Malgorzata Wrobel, Iwona Stan-Kleczek, Artur Marciniak, Mariusz Majdanski, Sebastian Kowalczyk, Adam Nawrot, Justyna Cader
Summary: This paper proposes a multimethod approach for imaging the landslide structure and estimating ground motion. By integrating remote sensing and multi-method geophysical imaging, the spatial variability and surface area of the landslide can be modeled more precisely, as well as the velocity field in the nearest surface.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mara Rossi, Michela Dal Cin, Stefano Picotti, Davide Gei, Vladislav S. Isaev, Andrey V. Pogorelov, Eugene I. Gorshkov, Dmitrii O. Sergeev, Pavel I. Kotov, Massimo Giorgi, Mario L. Rainone
Summary: This study investigates the degradation of permafrost and the thickness of the active layer in the Khanovey railway station area in the NE European Russian Arctic. The findings reveal a serious risk for infrastructures and human activities due to the high degradation rates of permafrost.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
L. Gross, A. Soueid Ahmed, A. Revil
Summary: The development of new technologies and a better understanding of induced polarization physics have enabled the application of this geophysical method in volcanology and geothermal resources assessment. A new method for directly inverting primary and secondary electric fields at independent stations has been proposed to improve data quality and avoid issues. This approach offers advantages in complex geological settings, large-scale applications, and versatility in different terrains.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
K. Lamsters, J. Karuss, A. Sturmane, J. Jeskins, P. Dzerins
Summary: This study investigates the complex and deformed Late Pleistocene sedimentary sequence in western Latvia using ground-penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and other geophysical methods. The study reveals the large-scale deformation structures and discontinuous till patches, as well as the relationship between the formation of these structures and subglacial diapirism induced by ice loading. The study also demonstrates the significance of geophysical methods in supplementing traditional geological investigations and providing insights into deformation processes.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Muhammad Hasan, Yanjun Shang
Summary: Uncertainty in geological models, caused by natural heterogeneity and inadequate data, can lead to substantial societal risks. Optimizing underground resource utilization is crucial for reducing uncertainty.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Muhammad Hasan, Yanjun Shang, Peng Shao, Xuetao Yi, He Meng
Summary: Accurate evaluation of rock mass quality and faults/fractures is a major challenge in rock mechanics and rock engineering. This study introduces an empirical geophysical approach using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to assess rock mechanical parameters for foundation design. The approach reduces the need for drilling and provides more accurate evaluation of rock mass quality. The approach can be used in areas where it is difficult to obtain core samples.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Artur Marciniak, Sebastian Kowalczyk, Tadeusz Gontar, Bartosz Owoc, Adam Nawrot, Bartlomiej Luks, Justyna Cader, Mariusz Majdanski
Summary: In this case study, a multimethod approach using geophysical imaging was applied to study a landslide in Cisiec, Poland. The combination of various geophysical methods allowed for detailed imaging of the subsurface, providing necessary information for ensuring safety of nearby constructions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Carla Figus, Nicholas B. Stephens, Rita Sorrentino, Eugenio Bortolini, Simona Arrighi, Owen A. Higgins, Federico Lugli, Giulia Marciani, Gregorio Oxilia, Matteo Romandini, Sara Silvestrini, Fabio Baruffaldi, Maria Giovanna Belcastro, Federico Bernardini, Anna Festa, Tamas Hajdu, Orsolya Mateovics-Laszlo, Ildiko Pap, Tamas Szeniczey, Claudio Tuniz, Timothy M. Ryan, Stefano Benazzi
Summary: This study investigates the early development of the talus bone and highlights the relationship between mechanical loading and bone development in the acquisition of bipedalism. The results suggest that the youngest group may reflect the immaturity of the human talus in bearing forces and performing bipedal walking.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Antonino Vazzana, Owen Alexander Higgins, Gregorio Oxilia, Federico Lugli, Sara Silvestrini, Alessia Nava, Luca Bondioli, Eugenio Bortolini, Giovanni Di Domenico, Federico Bernardini, Claudio Tuniz, Lucia Mancini, Matteo Bettuzzi, Maria Pia Morigi, Marcello Piperno, Carmine Collina, Matteo Romandini, Stefano Benazzi
Summary: The reconstruction of the original morphology of bones and teeth is crucial for physicochemical and biomolecular analyses. By using computed micro-tomography, reverse engineering, computer-aided design, and rapid prototyping techniques, customized missing parts can be fabricated to restore the original external morphology of sampled teeth. The proposed protocol allows for a remarkable correspondence between the reconstructed parts and the original specimens' contact surfaces.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
C. Gravel-Miguel, E. Cristiani, J. Hodgkins, C. M. Orr, D. S. Strait, M. Peresani, S. Benazzi, G. Pothier-Bouchard, H. M. Keller, D. Meyer, D. Drohobytsky, S. Talamo, D. Panetta, A. Zupancich, C. E. Miller, F. Negrino, J. Riel-Salvatore
Summary: Personal ornaments are considered important symbols of social identity and individuality. This article presents a detailed analysis of the ornaments found in association with an Early Mesolithic buried infant, providing insights into their use, perforation, and their deposition in the grave. The study sheds light on the use of beads in the Early Mesolithic period and their significance to young individuals.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL METHOD AND THEORY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Letizia Ceregatti, Claudio Berto, Helen Fewlass, Mateusz Baca, Elisa Luzi, Greta Brancaleoni, Andrea Pereswiet-Soltan, Marco Peresani
Summary: Recent advances in paleoecological reconstruction methods, collagen extraction of small bone samples, and ancient DNA analyses have led to new approaches to improve the chronological resolution of climate reconstructions from small mammal assemblages. Through the study of Grotta della Ferrovia in Italy, it was found that the climate in the area gradually shifted from a cold phase to conditions similar to the present during the Late Epigravettian.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alessandro Tibaldi, Rita de Nardis, Patrizio Torrese, Sofia Bressan, Martina Pedicini, Donato Talone, Fabio L. Bonali, Noemi Corti, Elena Russo, Giusy Lavecchia
Summary: We discuss the recent activity of the Broni-Sarmato fault, located 50 km south of Milan, by presenting new morphostructural, geophysical, and seismological data. Our analysis shows evidence of ongoing tectonic activity of the outward fronts of the Emilia Arc under a regional NNE-oriented compressional stress field. Multiple-scale data suggests that this activity involves thrust involvement along the Pede-Apennine front.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana B. Marin-Arroyo, Gabriele Terlato, Marco Vidal-Cordasco, Marco Peresani
Summary: This article presents the subsistence strategies adopted by early modern humans in expanding throughout Eurasia, with a focus on the Protoaurignacian groups in Fumane Cave in northern Italy. The study reveals that these groups occupied the cave during the period of and Coping with significant climate changes. They mainly relied on hunting ibex and chamois in nearby areas in a cold environment with open landscapes and patchy woodlands. The findings highlight the adaptability and resilience of early modern humans in different environments affected by climate fluctuations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Marco Peresani, Laurence Bourguignon, Davide Delpiano, Cristina Lemorini
Summary: This study presents the lithic assemblage found at Fumane Cave in Italy, which is closely related to the Mousterian Quina techno-complex. The assemblage consists of large scrapers, flakes, and cores, with distinctive retouched edges that allow Neanderthals to obtain different morphologies on the same edge of the scraper. These findings share similarities with the Quina reduction methods in Western European Middle Palaeolithic contexts and provide opportunities for comparison at a larger scale.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
M. Mariotti Lippi, B. Aranguren, S. Arrighi, D. Attolini, S. Benazzi, F. Boschin, S. Florindi, A. Moroni, F. Negrino, P. Pallecchi, L. Pisaneschi, J. Riel-Salvatore, A. Ronchitelli, A. Revedin
Summary: Evidence of plant food processing on grinding tools from two ancient sites in Italy indicates that Neanderthals and Homo sapiens had the ability to make flour at least 43,000-41,000 years ago and process wild cereals at least 41,500-36,500 years ago, respectively. These findings suggest a profound knowledge of available plant resources in both human groups before the advent of agriculture.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vitale S. Sparacello, Gwenaelle Goude, Alessandra Varalli, Irene Dori, Claudine Gravel-Miguel, Julien Riel-Salvatore, Sanne W. L. Palstra, Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, Fabio Negrino, Elisabetta Starnini
Summary: This study reports the discovery of new Mesolithic human remains in Arma di Nasino, Liguria, northwestern Italy, and reveals their ecological dependence on high-altitude resources, which is the first evidence of an ecological shift in northwestern Italy following deglaciation. The analysis also provides detailed information on the life experience of a specific female forager, including skeletal trauma, developmental disturbances, and resilience.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Silvia Gazzo, Fabio Negrino, Julien Riel-Salvatore, Stefano Schiaparelli
Summary: This research examines the taphonomic characteristics of Bittium shells found at the Riparo Bombrini rockshelter in NW Italy and proposes that their presence at the site is most likely due to a correlation with small sea pebbles. The study provides important insights for understanding past human activities.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Annalisa Pietrobelli, Rita Sorrentino, Stefano Benazzi, Maria Giovanna Belcastro, Damiano Marchi
Summary: In this study, the shape variation of the proximal fibula in extant humans and great apes was compared to investigate the possible link between proximal fibular shape and locomotor patterns. Unique features of the human fibular head were found, supporting the functional role of this bone in human bipedalism. Distinctive traits in the proximal fibula morphology of great apes were also observed, corresponding to differences in their locomotor behavior. These findings suggest that the morphology of the proximal fibula can indicate locomotor behavior and may be useful in comparative analysis of fossil hominin remains.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Diana Marcazzan, Christopher E. Miller, Bertrand Ligouis, Rossella Duches, Nicholas J. Conard, Marco Peresani
Summary: This study presents a detailed analysis of combustion features from Middle and Upper Paleolithic occupations at the Fumane cave site in Italy. The results show that only a few features are intact hearths, while others have been modified through anthropogenic activities. Additionally, the study reveals the presence of multi-layered features indicating various activities related to combustion and site maintenance. The analysis also indicates a decrease in the frequency of combustion features throughout the Mousterian period, with more well-defined and multi-layered features associated with the Protoaurignacian occupation.
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Luca Fiorenza, Teagan Harty, Marcel M. Janocha, Ottmar Kullmer, Huynh N. Nguyen, Eugenio Bortolini, Stefano Benazzi
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between molar morphology and macrowear patterns in Pongo, Gorilla, and Pan to obtain dietary information. The results show significant differences in macrowear patterns among the three species, with Pan displaying the highest variation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2022)
