Review
Plant Sciences
Jan Smeringai, Petra Prochazkova Schrumpfova, Marketa Pernisova
Summary: Plants have a unique developmental plasticity that allows them to adapt to changing environmental conditions by triggering specific spatiotemporal changes in developmental programs. The phytohormone cytokinin is known as a principal regulator of plant development and plays an important role in de novo shoot organogenesis and shoot regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yulong Guo, Xiaoting Qin, Bin Zhang, Xiaojing Xu, Zhineng Li, Mingyang Li
Summary: This study investigated the role of miR319 in shoot regeneration from leaf explants in petunia, revealing that overexpression of miR319 led to morphological abnormalities in leaves, enhanced shoot organogenesis, and regulation of key gene expression.
IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soeun Yang, Horim Lee
Summary: Salt stress has a severe impact on plant growth and development. Understanding the mechanisms related to growth and development in response to salt stress is crucial for plant tolerance and adaptation. This paper highlights the roles of microRNAs, redox status, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and phytohormones in apical meristems for salt tolerance, as well as the relationship between salt stress response and stem cell homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kyounghee Lee, Jong Hee Kim, Ok-Sun Park, Yu Jin Jung, Pil Joon Seo
Summary: The overexpression of WOX5 promotes cytokinin signaling and shoot regeneration, enhancing the plant's capacity for tissue culture regeneration.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Federico Marangelli, Vera Pavese, Giuseppe Vaia, Michela Lupo, Muhammad Ajmal Bashir, Valerio Cristofori, Cristian Silvestri
Summary: Polyploid induction is important for the development of new varieties in horticultural plants. In this study, a protocol for in vitro polyploid induction of highbush blueberry leaf tissues was studied. Different concentrations of colchicine and oryzalin were used, and it was found that colchicine can induce polyploidization. The resulting polyploids showed morphological differences compared to diploids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eduardo Larriba, Miriam Nicolas-Albujer, Ana Belen Sanchez-Garcia, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez
Summary: In this study, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to identify gene regulatory networks involved in wound-induced organ regeneration in tomato. The results showed that cell reprogramming and gene activation require spatial and temporal regulation of auxin and cytokinin gradients in the hypocotyl, as well as extensive metabolic reprogramming in the apical region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Antoine Nicolas, Patrick Laufs
Summary: Plant aerial development relies on meristem activity, with shoot apical meristem (SAM) formed in the embryo contributing to the main stem and axillary meristems (AMs) formed post-embryonically contributing to the branched structure. This review discusses recent findings on the de novo establishment of AMs and emphasizes the progressive process of stem cell formation, different from functional meristems.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Vijina Varapparambath, Mabel Maria Mathew, Anju Pallipurath Shanmukhan, Dhanya Radhakrishnan, Abdul Kareem, Shubham Verma, Joao Jacob Ramalho, Bejoy Manoj, Archana Rajan Vellandath, Mohammed Aiyaz, Raji Krishna Radha, Amit N. Landge, Ari Pekka Mahonen, Marcus G. Heisler, Dolf Weijers, Kalika Prasad
Summary: Cellular heterogeneity is a notable characteristic of multicellular organisms. The selection and subsequent development of progenitor cells into a patterned organ system during shoot regeneration is governed not only by the abundance of stem cell regulators but also by the localization pattern of polarity proteins. A shoot-promoting factor activates the expression of specific genes in cells surrounding the progenitor, leading to different mechanical stresses. This mechanical conflict then triggers cell polarity in progenitor cells, promoting meristem formation. Interestingly, perturbations to cells surrounding the progenitor or the progenitor itself impair shoot regeneration, suggesting a feedback loop between progenitor cells and their neighboring cells in the absence of tissue-patterning cues.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Katarzyna Hnatuszko-Konka, Aneta Gerszberg, Izabela Weremczuk-Jezyna, Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak
Summary: Plant organisms have the remarkable ability to restore or replace injured tissues, with one pathway being organogenesis triggered by phytohormones. Cytokinins, a class of phytohormones, play a key role in this process by demonstrating pleiotropic effects and a powerful network of molecular interactions. The study reviews the molecular and genetic events underlying de novo shoot organogenesis initiated by cytokinins, aiming to collect reactions encompassing cytokinin primary responses and other control mechanisms like epigenetic reprogramming.
Article
Forestry
Shuyu Yang, Runze Liu, Wenlong Li, Yanan Jing, Solme Pak, Chenghao Li
Summary: The present study establishes a rapid and efficient shoot regeneration method from root explants in Populus ussuriensis using plant growth regulators. The method significantly increases the number and efficiency of induced shoot buds, and the entire regeneration process is completed in a short time.
Review
Plant Sciences
Filipa Lara Lopes, Carlos Galvan-Ampudia, Benoit Landrein
Summary: Recent studies have revealed the critical role of the feedback loop between WUS and CLV3 in maintaining the stem cell niche in the shoot apical meristem of plants. WUS promotes stem cell fate and is inhibited by CLV3, ensuring the stability of this niche. Furthermore, WUS can integrate both internal and external cues to enable the shoot meristem to adapt to various environmental changes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jingke Kang, Xuening Wang, Takashi Ishida, Etienne Grienenberger, Qian Zheng, Jing Wang, Yonghong Zhang, Wenqiang Chen, Mengmeng Chen, Xiu-Fen Song, Chengyun Wu, Zhubing Hu, Lingyu Jia, Chen Li, Chun-Ming Liu, Jennifer C. Fletcher, Shinichiro Sawa, Guodong Wang
Summary: CLE1-CLE7 peptides function as negative regulators of de novo shoot regeneration by repressing the expression of stem cell-promoting transcription factor WUS through CLV1/BAM1-mediated signaling pathway.
Review
Plant Sciences
Agata Burian
Summary: The plant shoot apical meristem (SAM) functions similarly to animal germline in reducing the accumulation and transmission of mutations through cellular- and tissue-level mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Mahesh Kumar Badhepuri, M. Manokari, M. Cokul Raj, Phanikanth Jogam, Abhijit Dey, Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A. Alatar, Nirmal Joshee, Nageswara Rao Singisala, Mahipal S. Shekhawat
Summary: A novel and effective direct shoot regeneration technique was developed for the medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii. Meta-Topolin was found to be more efficient than BAP in promoting direct organogenesis. The regeneration process showed distinct phases of shoot formation. The developed protocol can be used for the commercial production of C. forskohlii.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Raspor, Vaclav Motyka, Abdul Rasheed Kaleri, Slavica Ninkovic, Ljiljana Tubic, Aleksandar Cingel, Tatjana Cosic
Summary: De novo shoot organogenesis (DNSO) is a common procedure used for shoot regeneration in vitro. The genetic regulation of DNSO has been studied in detail, highlighting the roles of plant hormones cytokinin (CK) and auxin, as well as their interaction with sucrose in the regeneration media. These signaling events mediate the complex process of shoot regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lucia Perez, Rui Alves, Laura Perez-Fons, Alfonso Albacete, Gemma Farre, Erika Soto, Ester Vilaprinyo, Cristina Martinez-Andujar, Oriol Basallo, Paul D. Fraser, Vicente Medina, Changfu Zhu, Teresa Capell, Paul Christou
Summary: Expressing an ectopic plastidial MVA pathway can increase the accumulation of isoprenoids in plastids, resulting in changes in plant metabolism and phenotype. This transgenic strategy could have important implications for isoprenoid metabolic engineering.
TRANSGENIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Odei Barrenada, Eduardo Larriba, Daniel Fernandez-Perez, Miguel angel Brieno-Enriquez, Jesus del Mazo Martinez
Summary: Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) play important roles in germ cell development and differentiation. By analyzing sequencing data, we identified the origins, expression levels, and potential functions of piRNAs, as well as their association with other sncRNAs and the mitochondrial regulatory region. Our findings suggest that mitochondria-associated piRNAs may mediate nucleo-mitochondrial communication.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Manuela Giraldo-Acosta, Cristina Martinez-Andujar, Purificacion A. Martinez-Melgarejo, Antonio Cano, Josefa Hernandez-Ruiz, Marino B. Arnao
Summary: Melatonin, a plant regulatory molecule, shows potential as a biostimulator and protector against abiotic and biotic stressors. In this study, the protective effect of melatonin on mungbean seedlings treated with copper oxychloride fungicide was investigated. Melatonin improved growth, protected photosynthetic pigments, reduced membrane damage, and affected the hormonal profile of the seedlings.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Abelardo Modrego, Taras Pasternak, Moutasem Omary, Alfonso Albacete, Antonio Cano, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez, Idan Efroni
Summary: The removal of the root system triggers the formation of new roots from the remaining shoot, a process primarily regulated by the phytohormone auxin. In this study, the tomato mutation rosette (ro) was found to have a deficiency in shoot-borne root formation and reduced auxin transport rates. The ro gene was identified as the tomato ortholog of BIG and UBR4/p600 genes, which are known to regulate auxin transport in Arabidopsis thaliana and calcium homeostasis in mammals. The study suggests that the RO/BIG protein maintains auxin flow by stabilizing the membrane localization of the auxin transporter PIN1, potentially through attenuating the inhibitory effect of calcium on cytoplasmic streaming.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Cristina Martinez-Andujar, Rim Ben Youssef, Angela S. Prudencio, Maialen Ormazabal, Jose Angel Martin-Rodriguez, Alfonso Albacete, Purificacion Martinez-Melgarejo, Francisco Perez-Alfocea
Summary: This study finds that grafting genetically diverse rootstocks onto tomato scion varieties can directly improve yield stability under reduced fertilizer application by improving nutrient capture and promoting ecosystem services such as insect pollination.
Article
Plant Sciences
Taras Pasternak, Klaus Palme, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in plant biology, acting as important signal transduction molecules and as toxic byproducts of aerobic metabolism that accumulate in cells upon exposure to different stressors and lead to cell death. In this study, it was found that ROS is an important modulator of auxin distribution and response in plant roots. Genetic alterations in ROS balance led to defective auxin distribution and growth-related responses in roots.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Perla Novais de Oliveira, Fernando Matias, Cristina Martinez-Andujar, Purificacion Andrea Martinez-Melgarejo, angela Sanchez Prudencio, Esteban Galeano, Francisco Perez-Alfocea, Helaine Carrer
Summary: Teak is an important wood source cultivated in tropical regions. The AP2/ERF gene TgERF1 in teak was found to be rapidly induced by drought and salt stress. Overexpression of TgERF1 in tobacco plants showed its potential as a selective marker for improving plant stress tolerance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luisa Bellachioma, Camilla Morresi, Alfonso Albacete, Purificacion A. Martinez-Melgarejo, Gianna Ferretti, Giorgia Giorgini, Roberta Galeazzi, Elisabetta Damiani, Tiziana Bacchetti
Summary: This study found that the extract of Crocus sativus tepals has a better inhibitory effect on alpha-amylase activity and glucose absorption in the intestine than stigma extract. It suggests the potential of C. sativus tepal extracts in the prevention and management of diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Miguel angel Sanchez-Sanchez, Alfonso Albacete
Summary: The region of Murcia in southeast Spain has historically suffered from deforestation and desertification, leading to natural risks and tragic consequences. To combat this, a reforestation plan was implemented in the problematic river basins in the late 19th century. This study examined the changes in the Carrascoy y El Valle mountain system after reforestation and its impact on various environmental processes. Comparisons between photographs from 1928 and current satellite images showed a significant increase in tree cover, particularly in shaded areas. Unexpectedly, herbaceous and shrub cover was higher in sunny areas, possibly due to trampling in shaded areas. Overall, the reforestation efforts have had positive effects on the ecosystem, erosion, landscape, and climate, effectively slowing down desertification.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Carloni, Alfonso Albacete, Purificacion A. Martinez-Melgarejo, Federico Girolametti, Cristina Truzzi, Elisabetta Damiani
Summary: Through a series of antioxidant assays and analytical methods, this study found that teas grown in Europe have similar antioxidant capacity and rich content of health-promoting polyphenols as teas grown in other parts of the world. This research provides important information for the characterization of European teas, and can guide European tea growers and consumers in selecting teas with the best health benefits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yolanda Perez-Perez, Maria Teresa Solis, Alfonso Albacete, Pilar S. Testillano
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the role of endogenous auxin in microspore development in Brassica napus. They found that auxin concentration and the expression of auxin biosynthesis genes were high at early stages in the gametophytic pathway, but increased during microspore embryogenesis. They also discovered that inhibiting auxin biosynthesis reduced embryogenesis induction and embryo production, indicating that auxin is necessary for microspore embryogenesis initiation and progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Taras Pasternak, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez, Benedetto Ruperti, Tatiana Aleksandrova, Klaus Palme
Summary: Arabidopsis thaliana research often relies on in vitro culture media for studying plant responses to various signals. This study describes an optimized and nutritionally balanced culture medium that enables the growth and propagation of A. thaliana mutants, even those lacking a root system. The use of this protocol can avoid bias in phenotypic characterization during stress experiments.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Taras Pasternak, Stefan Kircher, Klaus Palme, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez
Summary: Root development is regulated by sucrose and light. Carbohydrate starvation during skotomorphogenesis leads to compaction of nuclei in the root apical meristem, hindering cell cycle progression and causing irreversible root differentiation. Adding carbohydrates promotes seedling growth. Transferring carbohydrate-grown seedlings from light to dark promotes cell elongation and reduces root meristem size. Carbohydrates are essential for cell cycle activity and auxin-regulated response in the root apical meristem.
Article
Plant Sciences
Olha Yaroshko, Taras Pasternak, Eduardo Larriba, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of different concentrations of zeatin and indole-3-acetic acid on the regeneration of cotyledon explants in tomato cultivars M82 and Micro-Tom. The best hormone combination produced shoot-like structures after 2-3 weeks, and leaf primordia were observed from these structures after about 3-4 weeks. Whole plantlets could be obtained between 4 and 6 weeks by transferring the regenerating micro-stems to a defined growth medium. This method has direct applications for plant transformation, gene editing techniques, and vegetative propagation of elite cultivars.