Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yaseen M. Arabi, Dunia Jawdat, Ali H. Hajeer, Musharaf Sadat, Jesna Jose, Ramesh K. Vishwakarma, Walid Almashaqbeh, Abdulaziz Al-Dawood
Summary: This study evaluated the inflammatory response in patients with severe acute respiratory infection due to the Middle East respiratory syndrome and non-Middle East respiratory syndrome, and identified two distinct inflammatory subtypes using latent class analysis. The findings showed that a subset of patients exhibited increased levels of interleukins, indicative of a cytokine storm. Further research is needed to explore the effects of immunomodulators on different inflammatory subtypes.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Tina Hsu, Jacquelyn R. Sink, Veronica Alaniz, Lida Zheng, Anthony J. Mancini
Summary: The study described three cases of acute genital ulceration in female patients after receiving COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection, confirming the possible association between ulceration and viral infection.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Nadine Muller, Mareike Kunze, Fabienne Steitz, Neil J. Saad, Barbara Muehlemann, Joern I. Beheim-Schwarzbach, Julia Schneider, Christian Drosten, Lukas Murajda, Sandra Kochs, Claudia Ruscher, Jan Walter, Nadine Zeitlmann, Victor M. Corman
Summary: An outbreak of coronavirus disease with 74 cases related to a nightclub in Germany in March 2020 highlighted the potential for superspreader events, with staff members being particularly affected (56% attack rate) and likely causing sustained viral transmission after an event at the club. This event supports the current club closures as a precautionary measure to prevent further spread of the virus.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Le-Le Wang, Jia-Wei Yang, Jin-Fu Xu
Summary: This article reviews the mechanisms of lung inflammation and injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, including cellular inflammation, cytokine storm, and thrombotic inflammation.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aziza Kantri, Jihane Ziati, Mohamed Khalis, Amal Haoudar, Karim El Aidaoui, Youssef Daoudi, Inas Chikhaoui, Khalid El Yamani, Mohammed Mouhaoui, Jalila El Bakkouri, Nezha Dini, Mohammed Mahi, Abdelhamid Naitlho, Abdelkrim Bahlaoui, Ahmed Bennana, Mustapha Noussair, Lahcen Belyamani, Chafik El Kettani
Summary: This study critically analyzed the clinical and biological characteristics of 134 patients from the North African Mediterranean region with COVID-19, finding that factors such as age, comorbidities, gender, and infection type were associated with disease progression to a severe state. Abnormalities in certain parameters were closely linked to disease deterioration.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tarek Bayyoud, Angelika Iftner, Thomas Iftner, Karl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, Focke Ziemssen, Hans Boesmueller, Falko Fend, Jens Martin Rohrbach, Marius Ueffing, Michael Schindler, Sebastian Thaler
Summary: This study examined the retinal tissue and vitreous of deceased COVID-19 patients for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and found no significant viral RNA levels. Histopathological examinations showed no morphological signs of inflammation or vessel occlusions in the retina and vitreous. Further research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.
Article
Virology
Enric Monreal, Sainz S. de la Maza, Pedro Gullon, Elena Natera-Villalba, Juan Luis Chico-Garcia, Alvaro Beltran-Corbellini, Javier Martinez-Sanz, Nuria Garcia-Barragan, Javier Buisan, Rafael Toledano, Araceli Alonso-Canovas, Paula Perez-Torre, Maria C. Matute-Lozano, Jose Luis Lopez-Sendon, Guillermo Garcia-Ribas, Inigo Corral, Jesus Fortun, Beatriz Montero-Errasquin, Luis Manzano, Luis Maiz-Carro, Lucienne Costa-Frossard, Jaime Masjuan
Summary: This study found that immunosuppression may reduce the risk of moderate to severe ARDS in COVID-19 patients, especially among those with autoimmune diseases.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brittany E. Smith, James E. Peterman, Matthew P. Harber, Mary T. Imboden, Bradley S. Fleenor, Leonard A. Kaminsky, Mitchell H. Whaley
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant relationship between changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic syndrome following exercise training. Participating in a community-based exercise program can lead to improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolic syndrome risk factors, prevalence of metabolic syndrome, and its severity score. Improving cardiorespiratory fitness through exercise training should be prioritized for preventing metabolic syndrome.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Henry M. Staines, Daniela E. Kirwan, David J. Clark, Emily R. Adams, Yolanda Augustin, Rachel L. Byrne, Michael Cocozza, Ana Cubas-Atienzar, Luis E. Cuevas, Martina Cusinato, Benedict Mo Davies, Mark Davis, Paul Davis, Annelyse Duvoix, Nicholas M. Eckersley, Daniel Forton, Alice J. Fraser, Gala Garrod, Linda Hadcocks, Qinxue Hu, Michael Johnson, Grant A. Kay, Kesja Klekotko, Zawditu Lewis, Derek C. Macallan, Josephine Mensah-Kane, Stefanie Menzies, Irene Monahan, Catherine M. Moore, Gerhard Nebe-von-Caron, Sophie Owen, Chris Sainter, Amadou A. Sall, James Schouten, Christopher T. Williams, John Wilkins, Kevin Woolston, Joseph Ra Fitchett, Sanjeev Krishna, Tim Planche
Summary: The study showed that in SARS-CoV-2 infection, 2.0%-8.5% of individuals did not seroconvert 3-6 weeks after infection. Those who did seroconvert were typically older, more likely to have concurrent conditions, and had higher levels of inflammatory markers. Non-White individuals had higher antibody concentrations compared to White individuals, and these concentrations remained stable during follow-up.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Hyunjung Cha, Hyeran Kim, Younju Joung, Hyunju Kang, Jeong Moon, Hyowon Jang, Sohyun Park, Hyung-Jun Kwon, In-Chul Lee, Sunjoo Kim, Dongeun Yong, Sun-Woo Yoon, Sung-Gyu Park, Kyeonghye Guk, Eun-Kyung Lim, Hyun Gyu Park, Jaebum Choo, Juyeon Jung, Taejoon Kang
Summary: A surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based immunoassay using SERS-active hollow Au nanoparticles and magnetic beads has been developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. This assay allows for rapid and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 and has the potential for use in prevention and diagnosis of the disease.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruanne Barnabas, Elizabeth R. Brown, Anna Bershteyn, Helen C. Stankiewicz Karita, Christine Johnston, Lorna E. Thorpe, Angelica Kottkamp, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Miriam K. Laufer, Meagan Deming, Michael K. Paasche-Orlow, Patricia J. Kissinger, Alfred Luk, Kristopher Paolino, Raphael J. Landovitz, Risa Hoffman, Torin T. Schaafsma, Meighan L. Krows, Katherine K. Thomas, Susan Morrison, Harald S. Haugen, Lara Kidoguchi, Mark Wener, Alexander L. Greninger, Meei-Li Huang, Keith R. Jerome, Anna Wald, Connie Celum, Helen Y. Chu, Jared M. Baeten
Summary: This rigorous randomized controlled trial among persons with recent exposure found no clinically meaningful effect of hydroxychloroquine as postexposure prophylaxis to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, and participants in the hydroxychloroquine group experienced a higher frequency of adverse events than the control group.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Felipe Caamano-Navarrete, Daniel Jerez-Mayorga, Cristian Alvarez, Indya del-Cuerpo, Mauricio Cresp-Barria, Pedro Delgado-Floody
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between muscle quality index (MQI), metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in morbidly obese patients. It also examined the potential mediation role of MQI in the relationship between abdominal obesity and systolic blood pressure (SBP). The results showed an inverse association between MQI and MetS markers, as well as a positive association between MQI and CRF. MQI was found to partially mediate the relationship between abdominal obesity and SBP.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
A. Schwartz, Y. Yogev, A. Zilberman, S. Alpern, A. Many, R. Yousovich, R. Gamzu
Summary: This study aimed to determine the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal secretions of women during acute infection. Out of 35 women sampled, 5.7% tested positive for the virus in vaginal swabs, including one premenopausal and one postmenopausal woman, both with mild disease.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gail L. Sondermeyer Cooksey, Christina Morales, Lauren Linde, Samuel Schildhauer, Hugo Guevara, Elena Chan, Kathryn Gibb, Jessie Wong, Wen Lin, Brandon J. Bonin, Olivia Arizmendi, Tracy Lam-Hine, Ori Tzvieli, Ann McDowell, Kirstie M. Kampen, Denise L. Lopez, Josh Ennis, Linda S. Lewis, Eyal Oren, April Hatada, Blanca Molinar, Matt Frederick, George S. Han, Martha Sanchez, Michael A. Garcia, Alana McGrath, Nga Q. Le, Eric Boyd, Regina M. Bertolucci, Jeremy Corrigan, Stephanie Brodine, Michael Austin, William R. K. Roach, Robert M. Levin, Brian M. Tyson, Jake M. Pry, Kristin J. Cummings, Debra A. Wadford, Seema Jain
Summary: State and local health departments in California established a surveillance system to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens. Results from May 10, 2020 to June 12, 2021 showed a SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate of 19.6% among tested specimens and the presence of other respiratory pathogens.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xueyan Zhang, Haojie Hao, Li Ma, Yecheng Zhang, Xiao Hu, Zhen Chen, Di Liu, Jianhui Yuan, Zhangli Hu, Wuxiang Guan
Summary: Our study demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 RNA undergoes m(6)A modification by host m(6)A machinery, altering the expression patterns of methyltransferases and demethylases. METTL3 and FTO levels were linked to viral replication, with METTL3 interacting with viral RdRp to influence both distribution and posttranslational modification. Host m(6)A components interacted with viral proteins to modulate viral replication.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tobias Holmlund, Bjorn Ekblom, Mats Borjesson, Gunnar Andersson, Peter Wallin, Elin Ekblom-Bak
Summary: The study found that a significant increase in cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a lower risk of incident hypertension, while a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness was linked to a higher risk. Maintaining or increasing cardiorespiratory fitness can help reduce the risk of hypertension associated with factors like smoking and stress.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lisa-Marie Larisch, Emil Bojsen-Moller, Carla F. J. Nooijen, Victoria Blom, Maria Ekblom, Orjan Ekblom, Daniel Arvidsson, Jonatan Fridolfsson, David M. Hallman, Svend Erik Mathiassen, Rui Wang, Lena V. Kallings
Summary: Despite implementing two multi-component interventions aimed at changing movement behavior and improving cardiorespiratory fitness among office workers, this study did not find any significant intervention effects. Even with a thorough analysis of 24-hour movement behavior using CoDA, no positive outcomes were observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Elin Ekblom-Bak, Mats Borjesson, Frida Bergman, Goran Bergstrom, Albin Dahlin-Almevall, Isabel Drake, Gunnar Engstrom, Jan E. Engvall, Anders Gummesson, Emil Hagstrom, Ola Hjelmgren, Tomas Jernberg, Peter J. Johansson, Lars Lind, Maria Mannila, Andre Nyberg, Margaretha Persson, Christian Reitan, Annika Rosengren, Karin Radholm, Caroline Schmidt, Magnus C. Skold, Emily Sonestedt, Johan Sundstrom, Eva Swahn, Jerry Ohlin, Carl Johan Ostgren, Orjan Ekblom
Summary: This study aimed to describe the physical activity patterns and adherence to physical activity recommendations in a large sample of middle-aged men and women, and to examine differences between subgroups based on socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle-related variables. The results showed that majority of the participants spent most of their time sedentary and engaged in only a small fraction of vigorous physical activity.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tobias Holmlund, Victoria Blom, Erik Hemmingsson, Bjorn Ekblom, Gunnar Andersson, Peter Wallin, Elin Ekblom-Bak
Summary: Preserving or increasing cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a lower risk of poor self-rated health, independently of change in other health-related variables. This has high clinical value in preventing future health issues.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Wang, Victoria Blom, Carla F. J. Nooijen, Lena V. Kallings, Oerjan Ekblom, Maria M. Ekblom
Summary: This study aimed to improve the intervention effectiveness in office workers targeting physically active behavior. It found that a higher level of executive function (EF) was significantly associated with increased sleep time and decreased sedentary time in the intervention group. Additionally, participants with active jobs showed increased light-intensity physical activity in the intervention group compared to the control group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emil Bojsen-Moller, Rui Wang, Jonna Nilsson, Emerald G. Heiland, Carl-Johan Boraxbekk, Lena V. Kallings, Maria Ekblom
Summary: This study investigated the effects of two workplace interventions on cognitive functions among office workers and examined the moderating effects of cardiorespiratory fitness, movement behaviors, age, and sex. The results showed no intervention effect on cognitive functions and no significant associations between changes in movement behaviors or fitness and changes in cognition. However, age, sex, and cardiorespiratory fitness level were found to moderate the relationships between movement behaviors and cognitive functions changes.
Article
Rehabilitation
Amanda Lonn, Lena Viktoria Kallings, Mats Borjesson, Orjan Ekblom, Mattias Ekstrom
Summary: This study assessed the convergent validity of commonly used physical activity and sedentary behavior questions in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) using accelerometers as the reference method. The results showed that these questions can provide an indication of physical activity and sedentary behavior levels among MI patients in clinical practice, although there is some misclassification.
BMC SPORTS SCIENCE MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Vaisanen, Lena Kallings, Erik Hemmingsson, Elin Ekblom-Bak
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lena Kallings, Victoria Blom, Gunnar Andersson, Peter Wallin, Elin Ekblom-Bak
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. K. Amanda, Lena Kallings, Mattias Ekstrom, Mats Borjesson, Orjan Ekblom
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manne Godhe, Marjan Ponten, Johnny Nilsson, Lena V. Kallings, Eva A. Andersson
Summary: This study investigated the reliability of sensor-based physical activity patterns in community-dwelling older adults. Participating in an eight-week supervised exercise intervention improved some physical activity and sedentary parameters. No compensatory effect was observed, indicating that the intervention did not lead to a decrease in physical activity or an increase in sedentary behavior.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elin Ekblom-Bak, Bjorn Ekblom, Sofia Paulsson, Peter Wallin, Daniel Vaisanen
Summary: Contrary to leisure time physical activity, physical activity in the workplace may have negative health effects, known as the Physical activity paradox. Factors such as prolonged duration, low intensity, static and limited movement, body position, and inadequate recovery may explain why occupational physical activity can lead to fatigue instead of health benefits. Low cardiorespiratory fitness is highlighted as a potential contributor to the physical activity paradox, with data suggesting that only 25% to 50% of Swedish workers in jobs with high aerobic demands have sufficient fitness for good health. Further research is needed to understand the role of other confounding factors in the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and occupational workload. However, there is a growing need for awareness among Swedish authorities, employees, and employers about the potential health consequences of low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, especially for workers with high workloads. Importantly, when developing interventions to improve working conditions and cardiorespiratory fitness among workers, it is crucial to involve the relevant population in the study design to maximize the effectiveness of the interventions on health outcomes.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mats Borjesson, Orjan Ekblom, Daniel Arvidsson, Emerald G. Heiland, Daniel Vaisanen, Goran Bergstrom, Elin Ekblom-Bak
Summary: This study aimed to identify the main sex-specific correlates of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in a population-based, urban sample of Swedish adults. In multivariable regression analyses, higher age, being born abroad, short education, high waist circumference, poor perceived health, high accelerometer-derived time in sedentary and low in vigorous physical activity, as well as being a passive commuter, correlated independently and significantly with low VO(2)max in both men and women. Additional factors such as financial strain, ex-smoker status, and constant stress were found to be associated with low VO(2)max in men, while being a regular smoker was associated with low VO(2)max in women.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Catharina Gustavsson, Maria Nordqvist, Asa Bergman Bruhn, Kristina Broms, Lars Jerden, Lena V. Kallings, Lars Wallin
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an implementation intervention targeting the use of the PAP-S method in primary healthcare. The results showed that the intervention had a positive impact on the implementation process and the number of PAP-S prescriptions. However, the long-term outcome was not sustained, indicating the need for further education and support in using the PAP-S method.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Erik Hemmingsson, Daniel Vaisanen, Gunnar Andersson, Peter Wallin, Elin Ekblom-Bak
Summary: This study found that the combination of obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness has increased significantly since the mid-90s, with clear implications for increased cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality as well as overall mortality. Having a high cardiorespiratory fitness can attenuate the risk of these outcomes in all body mass index categories, especially in individuals with obesity. Additionally, having a low body mass index and high cardiorespiratory fitness can prolong the age of onset for these three outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)