Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chao Ye, Fen Zheng, Nan Wu, Guo-qing Zhu, Xiu-zhen Li
Summary: Vascular remodeling plays a crucial role in the development of various vascular diseases and is closely associated with the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs impact vascular remodeling by affecting oxidative stress, inflammation, calcification, and lipid plaque formation. Therefore, EVs have the potential to be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as therapeutic targets for vascular remodeling and cardiovascular diseases.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mirrin J. Dorresteijn, Douwe Dekker, Jelle Zwaag, Suzanne Heemskerk, Hennie M. J. Roelofs, Paul Smits, Johannes G. van der Hoeven, Frank A. D. T. G. Wagener, Peter Pickkers
Summary: Inflammation-induced free radical release is important in the pathogenesis of several diseases. This study investigated the impact of atazanavir-induced hyperbilirubinemia on antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction in human experimental endotoxemia. The results showed that hyperbilirubinemia increased antioxidant capacity, attenuated interleukin-10 release, and prevented vascular hyporesponsiveness during systemic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Steven R. Botts, Jason E. Fish, Kathryn L. Howe
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease associated with a spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, prevalent in both high-income countries and low- to middle-income regions worldwide. The vascular endothelium plays a crucial role in atherogenesis by influencing plaque formation and intercellular communication. Future directions in preclinical atherosclerosis research include epigenetic and targeted therapies to halt disease progression in at-risk or affected individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyun Cao, Yalan Wu, Huiling Hong, Xiao Yu Tian
Summary: Atherosclerosis is linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, and SIRT3 and NAD(+) play critical roles in maintaining normal mitochondrial function and improving endothelial function. The deletion of SIRT3 in endothelial cells accelerates atherosclerosis and amplifies vascular inflammation and oxidative stress. Treatment with NAD(+) attenuates these effects. The study also shows that NAD(+) supplementation improves endothelial function and reduces plaque formation in mouse models of atherosclerosis.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rafael Ramirez, Noemi Ceprian, Andrea Figuer, Gemma Valera, Guillermo Bodega, Matilde Alique, Julia Carracedo
Summary: Atherosclerosis is closely linked to aging, with cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammation playing key roles in its pathophysiology. Elevated oxidative stress leads to cellular senescence and a shift to a senescent secretory phenotype, activating immune cells and causing chronic systemic inflammation. Identifying senescent cell biomarkers and developing therapies against senescent cells have become important in combating atherosclerosis.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yang Liu, Hong-lin Yin, Chao Li, Feng Jiang, Shi-jun Zhang, Xin-rong Zhang, Yun-lun Li
Summary: Inflammation plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of hypertension, and the potential mechanism between inflammation and hypertensive endothelial injury is still unclear. Sinapine thiocyanate (ST) has a protective effect on hypertensive endothelial damage.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Concetta Schiano, Carolina Balbi, Filomena de Nigris, Claudio Napoli
Summary: Both cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer affect the integrity of the vascular system through pathological vascular modifications mediated by interactions between endothelial cells and their microenvironment. Emerging determinants of these modifications include soluble factors, extracellular matrix molecules, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) which trigger specific signals in target cells. EVs, as packages of molecules with epigenetic reversible activity, have gained attention as potential biomarkers and regulators of functional vascular changes, although their mechanisms are not well understood. In this paper, we review the role and mechanism of exosomal epigenetic molecules in vascular remodeling in coronary heart disease and cancer-associated neoangiogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Jing Qu, Yue Cheng, Wenchao Wu, Lixing Yuan, Xiaojing Liu
Summary: The glycocalyx plays a crucial role in inflammation and the development of vascular diseases, with endothelial dysfunction potentially leading to tissue swelling, chronic inflammation, and thrombosis. Eliminating endothelial inflammation may be a key target for treating vascular diseases. Research indicates that by disrupting the cycle of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, the glycocalyx can help alleviate the progression of inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Han Jiang, Lihua Li, Lili Zhang, Guangyao Zang, Zhen Sun, Zhongqun Wang
Summary: This study reviews the pathogenesis of vascular calcification, the role of endothelial cells, and the regulatory factors of EndMT, in order to provide new concepts for the prevention and treatment of VC.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Heng Yu, Hunter F. Douglas, Donald Wathieu, Ryan A. Braun, Christine Edomwande, Daniel J. J. Lightell Jr., Thaidan Pham, Natasha C. Klingenberg, Shelia Pugh Bishop, Damir B. Khismatullin, T. Cooper Woods
Summary: This study found that miR-221/222 transferred via vascular smooth muscle cell-derived exosomes from diabetic sources promote increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and monocyte adhesion, leading to increased vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque development.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xuesong Li, Xiang Chen, Longbin Zheng, Minghong Chen, Yunjia Zhang, Ruigong Zhu, Jiajing Chen, Jiaming Gu, Quanwen Yin, Hong Jiang, Xuan Wu, Xian Ji, Xin Tang, Mengdie Dong, Qingguo Li, Yuanqing Gao, Hongshan Chen
Summary: This study reveals the activation of the non-canonical STING-PERK pathway in atherosclerosis, which increases BRD4 expression and promotes the transactivation of proinflammatory cytokines. This pathway is triggered by leaked mitochondrial DNA via interaction with oxidized mtDNA. Endothelial STING activation plays a significant role in atherosclerosis.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ioana Karla Comarita, Alexandra Vilcu, Alina Constantin, Anastasia Procopciuc, Florentina Safciuc, Nicoleta Alexandru, Emanuel Dragan, Miruna Nemecz, Alexandru Filippi, Leona Chitoiu, Mihaela Gherghiceanu, Adriana Georgescu
Summary: Stem cell-derived EV therapies, especially EVs (ADSCs), led to regression of structural and functional changes in the vascular wall and key orchestrator expression in atherosclerosis-induced endothelial dysfunction. Transfection of EVs with Smad2/3siRNA amplified the ability of EVs (ADSCs) or EVs (MSCs) to regress the inflammation-mediated atherosclerotic process.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Brandon G. Shokoples, Olga Berillo, Kevin Comeau, Hao Yu Chen, Akinori Higaki, Antoine Caillon, Nathanne S. Ferreira, James C. Engert, George Thanassoulis, Pierre Paradis, Ernesto L. Schiffrin
Summary: Extracellular ATP, which is elevated in hypertensive mice and humans, may trigger immune activation through P2X7 receptor, leading to the production of interleukin-1 beta and the activation and development of T cells. P2RX7 activation is associated with hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesized that P2RX7 activation contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular injury by promoting immune activation.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alina Grylls, Karin Seidler, James Neil
Summary: High blood pressure is a significant public health challenge with recent evidence suggesting altered microbiota may contribute to hypertension by inducing metabolic endotoxemia through chronic translocation of lipopolysaccharides. Probiotic intervention targeting LPS-induced alterations in vascular endothelium shows potential for improving vasorelaxation, reducing vascular inflammation, and managing hypertension.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhuqing Li, Qi Li, Li Wang, Chao Li, Mengping Xu, Yajun Duan, Likun Ma, Tingting Li, Qiao Chen, Yilin Wang, Yanxin Wang, Jiaxin Feng, Xuemei Yin, Xiaolin Wang, Jihong Han, Chengzhi Lu
Summary: Chronic sympathetic hyperactivity can lead to oxidative stress and inflammation in endothelial cells, contributing to atherosclerosis development. Renal denervation (RDN) may protect endothelial cells by reducing oxidative stress-induced inflammation, thus reducing atherosclerosis.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sean M. Davidson, Chantal M. Boulanger, Elena Aikawa, Lina Badimon, Lucio Barile, Christoph J. Binder, Alain Brisson, Edit Buzas, Costanza Emanueli, Felix Jansen, Miroslava Katsur, Romaric Lacroix, Sai Kiang Lim, Nigel Mackman, Manuel Mayr, Philippe Menasche, Rienk Nieuwland, Susmita Sahoo, Kaloyan Takov, Thomas Thum, Pieter Vader, Marca H. M. Wauben, Kenneth Witwer, Joost P. G. Sluijter
Summary: This article provides an overview of the techniques and technologies available for the separation and characterization of EVs from different sources. It discusses methods for determining the protein, RNA, and lipid content of EVs. The guidance provided in this document is important for investigating the role of EVs in cardiovascular diseases and highlights key methodological issues to consider.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Livia S. A. Passos, Victor Nizet, Robert A. Levine, Elena Aikawa
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amelie Paquin, Ons Marsit, Valerie Deschenes, Dounia Rouabhia, Sandra Hadjadj, Marine Clisson, Charlotte Robitaille, Elena Aikawa, Robert A. Levine, Philippe Pibarot, Marie-Annick Clavel, Jonathan Beaudoin
Summary: The progression of aortic stenosis is found to be accelerated following acute myocardial infarction, possibly due to increased collagen production and thickening of the aortic valve after the ischemic event.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Fabrizio Buffolo, Martina Tetti, Paolo Mulatero, Silvia Monticone
Summary: In addition to its role in regulating water, sodium, and potassium levels, aldosterone also has an impact on various physiological and pathological processes in the cardiovascular system. High levels of aldosterone are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, while mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists can reduce this risk.
Review
Immunology
Mandy E. Turner, Francesca Bartoli-Leonard, Elena Aikawa
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a critical role in cardiovascular calcification, with inflammation and immune cell involvement being central to this process.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Transplantation
Jacopo Burrello, Silvia Monticone, Alessio Burrello, Sara Bolis, Carlotta Pia Cristalli, Giorgia Comai, Valeria Corradetti, Cristina Grange, Giuseppe Orlando, Massimiliano Bonafe, Gaetano La Manna, Lucio Barile, Benedetta Bussolati
Summary: This study explored the use of extracellular vesicle (EV) surface antigens as potential predictors of kidney transplant outcome. It found that endothelial cells and platelet markers in serum EVs were higher in patients with persistent kidney dysfunction, while mesenchymal progenitor cell markers in urine EVs increased in patients with renal recovery. These markers correlated with kidney function indicators and were able to predict patient outcomes.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Mark C. Blaser, Simon Kraler, Thomas F. Luescher, Elena Aikawa
Summary: Despite the devastating clinical consequences of calcific aortic valve disease, the understanding of its molecular mechanisms is limited and effective pharmacotherapies are not available.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Nadia R. Sutton, Rajeev Malhotra, Cynthia St. Hilaire, Elena Aikawa, Roger S. Blumenthal, Grace Gackenbach, Parag Goyal, Adam Johnson, Sagar U. Nigwekar, Catherine M. Shanahan, Dwight A. Towler, Brooke N. Wolford, Yabing Chen
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, particularly in individuals over the age of 65, with myocardial infarction and stroke being the primary contributors. The development of vascular aging and vascular calcification with aging is not fully understood, but is believed to be influenced by genetic risk, environmental factors, and the ability of vascular smooth muscle cells to acquire an osteogenic phenotype. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind age-associated vascular pathology may lead to strategies for promoting healthy vascular aging. This article provides a summary of current knowledge on age-associated vascular disease, with a focus on vascular calcification.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elisa Sconfienza, Martina Tetti, Vittorio Forestiero, Franco Veglio, Paolo Mulatero, Silvia Monticone
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of autonomous/possible autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS), primary aldosteronism (PA), pheochromocytoma (PHEO), and Cushing syndrome (CS) in patients with adrenal incidentaloma (AI). The overall prevalence of functioning AIs was 27.5%, with ACS/possible ACS being the most frequent hormonal alteration (prevalence of 11.7%) and PA occurring in 4.4% of the patients. Asian patients had a higher prevalence of PA, while ACS/possible ACS had a lower prevalence in Asian countries. The prevalence of ACS/possible ACS was influenced by the proportion of female patients, while the prevalence of PA was positively associated with hypertension and the publication year. The prevalence of PHEO and CS were 3.8% and 3.1% respectively. Rating: 9/10.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Karan Sud, Navneet Narula, Elena Aikawa, Eloisa Arbustini, Philippe Pibarot, Giampaolo Merlini, Robert S. Rosenson, Surya Seshan, Edgar Argulian, Amir Ahmadi, Fang Zhou, Andre L. Moreira, Nancy Cote, Sotirios Tsimikas, Valentin Fuster, Sam Gandy, Robert O. Bonow, Olga Gursky, Jagat Narula
Summary: This Perspective explores the potential relationship between amyloid deposits, calcification, and the development of aortic valve stenosis. The presence of amyloid deposits may contribute to the inflammatory cycle in the aortic valve and further investigation is needed to characterize these deposits. Targeting these deposits with antisense oligonucleotides and/or isotype gene therapies could be a potential approach for the prevention and/or treatment of calcific aortic valve disease.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Karan Sud, Navneet Narula, Elena Aikawa, Eloisa Arbustini, Philippe Pibarot, Giampaolo Merlini, Robert S. Rosenson, Surya V. Seshan, Edgar Argulian, Amir Ahmadi, Fang Zhou, Andre L. Moreira, Nancy Cote, Sotirios Tsimikas, Valentin Fuster, Sam Gandy, Robert O. Bonow, Olga Gursky, Jagat Narula
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mandy E. Turner, Elena Aikawa
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Magdi H. Yacoub, Yuan-Tsan Tseng, Jolanda Kluin, Annemijn Vis, Ulrich Stock, Hassiba Smail, Padmini Sarathchandra, Elena Aikawa, Hussam El-Nashar, Adrian H. Chester, Nairouz Shehata, Mohamed Nagy, Amr El-sawy, Wei Li, Gaetano Burriesci, Jacob Salmonsmith, Soha Romeih, Najma Latif
Summary: Heart valve disease is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently, there is no effective medical therapy or ideal valve substitute. Tissue engineering living heart valves has been extensively explored as a potential solution. This study introduces a novel acellular synthetic scaffold that can induce rapid generation of relevant cells and extracellular matrix, leading to the production of a living pulmonary root.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)