Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
F. Ragone, F. Bouchet
Summary: The lack of statistics in climate models hinders the analysis of extreme events, as direct sampling is not feasible due to computational costs. By using rare event algorithms, we can improve the statistics of extreme events in state-of-the-art climate models. Our study on extreme warm summers and heatwaves over France and Scandinavia shows that extreme warm summers are associated with specific hemispheric teleconnection patterns, with the most extreme summers linked to rare subseasonal heatwaves.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
L. Piazzi, E. Cecchi, M. F. Cinti, G. Ceccherelli
Summary: The increased intensity and frequency of rainfall-dominated floods, as an effect of climate change, have negative impacts on coralligenous reefs. The study found that after a flood event, there was a decrease in ecological indices and changes in assemblages of marine organisms in the affected reef area. This provides evidence that floods contribute to degradation of coralligenous reefs.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Sun, Yifan Zou, Rui Yao, Zice Ma, Yaojin Bian, Chenhao Ge, Yinfeng Lv
Summary: Global warming has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of global extreme events. Compound and successive extreme events are more harmful than single extreme events. This study investigates the characteristics and future population exposure of compound and successive heatwave and extreme precipitation/runoff events.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Martin J. Siegert, Mike J. Bentley, Angus Atkinson, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Peter Convey, Bethan Davies, Rod Downie, Anna E. Hogg, Caroline Holmes, Kevin A. Hughes, Michael P. Meredith, Neil Ross, Jane Rumble, Jeremy Wilkinson
Summary: There is increasing evidence that fossil fuel burning has led to the increased occurrence and severity of extreme environmental events. This study examines evidence for extreme events in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean and highlights the vulnerability of natural Antarctic systems. It predicts that future Antarctic extreme events will be more severe due to further heating and the need for drastic action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lichuan Wang, Jianhua Wang, Fan He, Qingming Wang, Yong Zhao, Peiyi Lu, Ya Huang, Hao Cui, Haodong Deng, Xinran Jia
Summary: Climate warming leads to frequent extreme precipitation events, which is a prominent manifestation of the variation of the global water cycle. This study analyzes the historical and future precipitation data in the Huang-Huai-Hai-Yangtze River Basin using meteorological station data and climate models. The results show that extreme precipitation indices are significantly correlated with precipitation and geographical factors, and areas above 3000 m above sea level are more sensitive to climate change.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Holli Capps Herron, Peter Waylen, Kwadwo Owusu
Summary: This study analyzes long-term (44-51 years), complete, daily rainfall records from nineteen stations in Ghana to determine the magnitude and frequency of rainfall totals exceeding the historical 90th percentile at each station. The research finds that some locations in Ghana have recovered in rainfall, while coastal areas have not. This study provides a comprehensive national review of the characteristics of extreme rainfall totals.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinping Liu, Yanqun Ren, Hui Tao, Masoud Jafari Shalamzari
Summary: The study analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of heatwaves in China and found a significant increasing trend in frequency and duration of heatwaves, characterized by earlier onset and delayed termination. The influence of heatwaves at different levels gradually decreased, showing noticeable regional differences.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xingyang Yu, Yuanyuan Ma
Summary: In recent years, frequent extreme climate disasters in Northeast China have seriously impacted agriculture. Based on precipitation data from 83 geographical stations over a 60-year period, this study identified the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of precipitation and extreme climate events. The results showed an increasing trend of disasters, with abrupt climate changes starting in 2006. The severity and frequency of extreme climate have posed a growing threat to Northeast China, particularly in the past decade.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manal Hamdeno, Aida Alvera-Azcarate
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the Mediterranean Sea from 1982 to 2020 and examined their relationship with teleconnection patterns. The results showed that MHWs were more frequent and intense in the western Mediterranean Sea (WMB) than in the eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMB), while the duration of MHWs was longer in the EMB. There was an increasing trend in MHW frequency and duration in the Mediterranean Sea, and the East Atlantic Pattern (EAP) played an important role in modulating MHW frequency.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bayoumy Mohamed, Alexander Barth, Aida Alvera-Azcarate
Summary: This study examines the long-term spatiotemporal trend of marine heatwaves and marine cold spells in the southern North Sea and finds that the warming of sea surface temperature is associated with an increase in heatwave frequency and a decrease in cold spell frequency. In the last two decades, the frequency of heatwaves has been increasing, with notable peaks in 2014, 2020, and 2007. The study highlights the importance of the East Atlantic Pattern and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in the formation of heatwaves in the southern North Sea.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Tridip Kumar Datta, Iacopo Bertocci
Summary: Relating biological patterns to the physical environment is increasingly explored to identify ecological status and address global biodiversity crisis. This study conducted on the north-eastern coast of India assessed the patterns of free-living marine nematodes (FMN) and their relationship with environmental factors. The results indicated that organic carbon and salinity were the most correlated variables with FMN patterns, suggesting the importance of considering spatial and temporal variability in using FMN as bioindicators.
Review
Oceanography
P. Cetina-Heredia, M. E. Allende-Arandia
Summary: Marine heatwaves (MHWs) and Cold Spells (MCSs) are extreme temperature events in the ocean that can lead to coral bleaching. This study focuses on MHWs and MCSs in the Caribbean Sea over the past four decades and reveals their connection to coral bleaching, seasonal patterns, and climate indices such as El Nino/La Nina and the Atlantic Meridional Mode. The results provide important information for the management of reefs in the face of ongoing climate change.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mark D. Munn, Christopher P. Konrad, Matthew P. Miller, Kristin Jaeger
Summary: Stream metabolism is influenced by multiple factors, with biomass being a dominant control on metabolism. Comparative analyses of streams should consider both spatial and temporal variations in stream metabolism to accurately assess differences in trophic status, biomass, and nutrient cycling. This study evaluated the effects of environmental factors on stream metabolism during a summer low-flow period at 17 stream sites in the United States and found that biomass, orthophosphate, and canopy cover were important factors influencing gross primary production.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Manya Luo, Tuansheng Li
Summary: The research revealed the spatial-temporal characteristics of landscape ecological quality in Yulin from 2000 to 2018, showing a trend of improvement, degradation, and enhancement. The improvement in ecological quality from 2000 to 2010 was attributed to the returning farmland to forest project, which increased vegetation coverage and reduced soil erosion. This study provides valuable information for ecological conservation and development in the region.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Javier Perez, Francisco Correa-Araneda, Naiara Lopez-Rojo, Ana Basaguren, Luz Boyero
Summary: Studies have found that short-term extreme temperatures can alter the quality of litter in riparian soils and subsequently affect its decomposition within streams and the associated fauna, potentially changing stream food webs, ecosystem functioning, and biogeochemical cycles.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hong Fu, Jun Xu, Huan Zhang, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Min Zhang, Megan Klaar, Lee E. Brown
Summary: Understanding the response of abiotic and biotic components to aquatic ecosystem restoration is crucial for sustainable development in the face of economic growth and global environmental change. However, post-restoration monitoring and evaluation of aquatic ecosystems are lacking in funding and documentation, particularly outside of Europe and North America. This study presents a meta-analysis of abiotic and biotic indices in aquatic restoration projects in mainland China, revealing rapid decreases in dissolved nutrients post-restoration but slower recovery times for biodiversity indices. The findings emphasize the importance of long-term monitoring and considering different timelines and processes for restoration targets and programs.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Samuel R. P. -J. Ross, Darren P. O'Connell, Jessica L. Deichmann, Camille Desjonqueres, Amandine Gasc, Jennifer N. Phillips, Sarab S. Sethi, Connor M. Wood, Zuzana Burivalova
Summary: Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is an important tool in applied ecology, conservation, and biodiversity monitoring, but its potential contribution to fundamental ecology is often overlooked. This article explores the most promising directions for using PAM to address long-standing fundamental questions in ecology. Overall, it shows how ecologists can harness the power of PAM to contribute to fundamental ecological understanding.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Courtney E. Gorman, Andrew Torsney, Aoibheann Gaughran, Caroline M. McKeon, Catherine A. Farrell, Cian White, Ian Donohue, Jane C. Stout, Yvonne M. Buckley
Summary: Globally, urgent action is needed to transition to a low-carbon economy and address the biodiversity crisis. Climate action must consider biodiversity impacts, and there are potential win-win strategies for both climate and biodiversity. This review demonstrates how national climate actions can be implemented in a biodiversity-conscious way.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Nobuo Ishiyama, Masanao Sueyoshi, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Kenta Iwasaki, Junjiro N. Negishi, Itsuro Koizumi, Shigeya Nagayama, Akiko Nagasaka, Yu Nagasaka, Futoshi Nakamura
Summary: Identifying climate-change refugia is crucial for reducing global warming impacts. This study reveals the importance of underlying geology in stream ecosystems along climate gradients using volcanic rocks as a surrogate for cold groundwater inputs. Findings highlight the need to consider geology, climate variability, and their interaction in managing climate-change refugia in mountain streams.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luca Coscieme, Caroline A. A. Ochieng, Charles Spillane, Ian Donohue
Summary: Among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ensuring energy access in developing countries while reducing global emissions of greenhouse gases is critical. The assessment of policy coherence in internal and external energy policy in Europe reveals a higher level of coherence within the internal energy policy. However, trade-offs and the need for a common framework to unify internal and external energy policy exist.
MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pedro Daleo, Juan Alberti, Enrique J. Chaneton, Oscar Iribarne, Pedro M. Tognetti, Jonathan D. Bakker, Elizabeth T. Borer, Martin Bruschetti, Andrew S. MacDougall, Jesus Pascual, Mahesh Sankaran, Eric W. Seabloom, Shaopeng Wang, Sumanta Bagchi, Lars A. Brudvig, Jane A. Catford, Chris R. Dickman, Timothy L. Dickson, Ian Donohue, Nico Eisenhauer, Daniel S. Gruner, Sylvia Haider, Anke Jentsch, Johannes M. H. Knops, Ylva Lekberg, Rebecca L. McCulley, Joslin L. Moore, Brent Mortensen, Timothy Ohlert, Meelis Partel, Pablo L. Peri, Sally A. Power, Anita C. Risch, Camila Rocca, Nicholas G. Smith, Carly Stevens, Riin Tamme, G. F. (Ciska) Veen, Peter A. Wilfahrt, Yann Hautier
Summary: Plant diversity can reduce spatial variability of productivity in grasslands, but high species dissimilarity may increase it. Increasing spatial environmental heterogeneity weakens the effect of plant diversity, and beta diversity can both decrease and increase spatial variability of productivity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Samuel R. P. -J. Ross, Owen L. Petchey, Takehiro Sasaki, David W. Armitage
Summary: The insurance effect of biodiversity, which refers to the stabilizing role of diversity in ecosystem properties, is supported by the variation in organismal responses to the environment. This variation, known as response diversity, is a crucial factor in ecological stability. This review article presents a methodological framework for quantifying response diversity from experimental and/or observational data, allowing for practical application in various settings. By capturing subtle variations in environmental responses and considering environment dependencies, this approach provides a new perspective for testing the relationship between diversity and stability and can be used for mapping, monitoring, and conserving biodiversity.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jonathan D. D. Bakker, Jodi N. N. Price, Jeremiah A. A. Henning, Evan E. E. Batzer, Timothy J. J. Ohlert, Claire E. E. Wainwright, Peter B. B. Adler, Juan Alberti, Carlos Alberto Arnillas, Lori A. A. Biederman, Elizabeth T. T. Borer, Lars A. A. Brudvig, Yvonne M. M. Buckley, Miguel N. N. Bugalho, Marc W. W. Cadotte, Maria C. C. Caldeira, Jane A. A. Catford, Qingqing Chen, Michael J. J. Crawley, Pedro Daleo, Chris R. R. Dickman, Ian Donohue, Mary Ellyn DuPre, Anne Ebeling, Nico Eisenhauer, Philip A. A. Fay, Daniel S. S. Gruner, Sylvia Haider, Yann Hautier, Anke Jentsch, Kevin Kirkman, Johannes M. H. Knops, Luciola S. Lannes, Andrew S. S. MacDougall, Rebecca L. L. McCulley, Rachel M. M. Mitchell, Joslin L. L. Moore, John W. W. Morgan, Brent Mortensen, Harry Olde Venterink, Pablo L. L. Peri, Sally A. A. Power, Suzanne M. M. Prober, Christiane Roscher, Mahesh Sankaran, Eric W. W. Seabloom, Melinda D. D. Smith, Carly Stevens, Lauren L. L. Sullivan, Michelle Tedder, G. F. (Ciska) Veen, Risto Virtanen, Glenda M. M. Wardle
Summary: Human activities are causing changes in ecological communities globally. Understanding these changes requires considering the composition of these communities, which can be summarized by various metrics influenced by different ecological processes. A global experiment on 60 grasslands demonstrated high compositional variation within sites, with most variation being due to replacement processes. The variation was related to predictors such as environmental heterogeneity and biomass production. Considering multiple metrics simultaneously enhances our understanding of compositional variation at a site.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alex N. Tidd, Vasquez Caballero, Elena Ojea, Reg A. Watson, Jorge Garcia Molinos
Summary: There is a need to assess the sustainability of global fishing in the face of climate change, particularly in artisanal fishing which is crucial for livelihoods and food security in coastal countries. The ability of the artisanal sector to sustain this reliance depends on economic efficiency and the changing productivity of target species under climate change. Our study examines the historical changes in technical efficiency within artisanal fleets in relation to temperature anomalies, market prices, and fuel costs, showing how climate-induced changes could impact the efficiency of these fleets and exacerbate fishing capacity issues.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Ian Donohue, Luca Coscieme, Gabriel Gellner, Qiang Yang, Andrew L. Jackson, Ida Kubiszewski, Robert Costanza, Kevin S. McCann
Summary: This study reveals that the recovery of national economies from systemic crises can be influenced by the sources of electricity used. Countries relying on a diverse range of energy sources experience longer recovery times, while those powered primarily by renewable energy tend to recover more quickly.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Hannah J. White, Joseph J. Bailey, Ciortan Bogdan, Samuel R. P. -J. Ross
Summary: This study investigates the diversity-stability relationship in bird communities and finds that response trait diversity promotes compositional variability and affects functional variability through species asynchrony. In turn, functional variability impacts the temporal stability of effect trait diversity. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating response and effect trait frameworks into studies of community stability for understanding biodiversity change and making conservation decisions.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peter A. Wilfahrt, Eric W. Seabloom, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lori Biederman, Miguel N. Bugalho, Marc W. Cadotte, Maria C. Caldeira, Jane A. Catford, Qingqing Chen, Ian Donohue, Anne Ebeling, Nico Eisenhauer, Sylvia Haider, Robert W. Heckman, Anke Jentsch, Sally E. Koerner, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Ramesh Laungani, Andrew MacDougall, Jason P. Martina, Holly Martinson, Joslin L. Moore, Yujie Niu, Timothy Ohlert, Harry Olde Venterink, Devyn Orr, Pablo Peri, Edwin Pos, Jodi Price, Xavier Raynaud, Zhengwei Ren, Christiane Roscher, Nicholas G. Smith, Carly J. Stevens, Lauren L. Sullivan, Michelle Tedder, Pedro M. Tognetti, Ciska Veen, George Wheeler, Alyssa L. Young, Hillary Young, Elizabeth T. Borer
Summary: This study highlights the importance of both resource availability and historical abundance in determining the persistence of species dominance following environmental perturbations. Fertilization and exclusion of vertebrates influence the rate at which species lose dominance, with initial cover playing a significant role. The ability of plant species to maintain dominance following perturbations affects ecosystem functions and community compositions.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tao Wang, Peiyu Zhang, Jorge Garcia Molinos, Jiayi Xie, Huan Zhang, Huan Wang, Xiaoqi Xu, Kang Wang, Mingjun Feng, Haowu Cheng, Min Zhang, Jun Xu
Summary: Understanding the interactive effects of multiple environmental stressors on energy flux in aquatic ecosystems is crucial for effective ecosystem management. This study found that the combined effects of climate warming, heat waves, nutrient enrichment, and herbicide exposure altered the pattern of energy fluxes within the food web. The effects of these stressors were primarily antagonistic or additive, presenting significant challenges for ecosystem restoration.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Samuel R. P. -J. Ross, Takehiro Sasaki
Summary: Response diversity describes the variation in species' ecological responses to environmental change. It is a candidate mechanism explaining the positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability, but empirical research on response diversity is still limited. This article discusses barriers to empirical research and suggests steps to achieve a robust framework for studying response diversity and stability.
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara M. Faiad, Maureen A. Williams, Maurice Goodman, Susanne Sokolow, Julian D. Olden, Kaitlyn Mitchell, Ranja Andriantsoa, Julia Patricia Gordon Jones, Luciano Andriamaro, Pascaline Ravoniarimbinina, Jeanne Rasamy, Tsilavina Ravelomanana, Salohy Ravelotafita, Ranaivosolo Ravo, Peter Rabinowitz, Giulio A. De Leo, Chelsea L. Wood
Summary: The burden of environmentally transmitted infectious diseases on humans is strongly influenced by ecological factors. The marbled crayfish is an invasive species that can adapt to various ecological conditions and habitats. It has been hypothesized that the marbled crayfish may serve as a predator of schistosome-competent snails, which are the intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis. However, there has been no systematic study to estimate its predation rate on snails. In this study, we experimentally assessed marbled crayfish consumption of snails across a range of temperatures and found that temperature and crayfish weight influenced the predation rates.