Article
Energy & Fuels
Pietro Bartocci, Alberto Abad, Arturo Cabello Flores, Margarita de las Obras Loscertales
Summary: To address the scale-up challenges of Chemical Looping Processes, the development of efficient and affordable oxygen carriers is crucial. Ilmenite, an ore-derived oxygen carrier, has been identified as an abundant and low-cost option. This paper provides insights into its preparation, reactivity, and performance compared to other carriers, along with its thermodynamic properties and kinetics. The paper also explores its compatibility with various fuels (solid, liquid, gaseous, including biofuels) and discusses important considerations such as cost, environmental sustainability, oxygen transport capacity, as well as issues related to fluidized bed reactors, such as agglomeration and attrition behavior. Furthermore, the paper investigates the interaction between ilmenite and fuels, including the impact of impurities and coke deposition on the gasification rate of solid fuels.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhao Sun, Ke Li, Sam Toan, Rongjun Zhang, Hongwei Li, Yu Wu, Zhiqiang Sun
Summary: This study proposes a two-step chemical looping ammonia synthesis route, which utilizes chromium-based nitrogen carrier for low-temperature N fixation and nitrogen carrier hydrolysis to enhance ammonia generation. The reduction in graphitization degree of carbon species can effectively reduce the nitrogen activation temperature, and the proper ratio of active carbon/biochar-to-Cr improves the reduction reaction efficiency. The hydrolysis rate of nitrogen carrier is mainly limited by the diffusion of reactive species, and the utilization of lattice nitrogen decreases with the increase in ammonia releasing temperature.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Song Yang, Tan Zhang, Yanyan Yang, Bixi Wang, Jin Li, Zhouting Gong, Zhengyue Yao, Wenguang Du, Shoujun Liu, Zhongliang Yu
Summary: Chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) using Mo2N as nitrogen carrier was demonstrated to be an effective and sustainable method for ammonia generation. The two-step CLAS showed high N release/fixation efficiency and achieved a higher NH3 production rate compared to the thermo-catalytic ammonia synthesis route catalyzed by Mo2N. The study also confirmed the stability and feasibility of using Mo2N as an NC during the CLAS process.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sijun Wang, Feng Gong, Qiang Zhou, Yunlong Xie, Hao Li, Menglin Li, Enkang Fu, Peng Yang, Yuhang Jing, Rui Xiao
Summary: Chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) is a promising method for decentralized ammonia synthesis. In this study, a composite nitrogen carrier based on transition metals (Co, Ni, Fe) decorated chromium nitride (CrN) is developed, which exhibits high selectivity and efficiency in CLAS.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Doki Yamaguchi, Liangguang Tang, Jose Orellana, Trevor D. Hadley, Sankar Bhattacharya, Kok-Seng Lim
Summary: The study developed a compact fully looped chemical looping reactor and found that the CLC performance increased with increasing operation time over 36 hours, as indicated by the increase in the CO2/CO molar ratio. The morphology changes and ash interaction of the Australian ilmenite did not noticeably affect the CLC performance or operation during continuous operation.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Victor Purnomo, Daofeng Mei, Amir H. Soleimanisalim, Tobias Mattisson, Henrik Leion
Summary: Chemical looping gasification is an emerging process for producing valuable chemical feedstocks. This study found that the variation of the oxygen carrier mass conversion degree indirectly affects the conversion of biomass char, and validated the models used for evaluating the char conversion. The use of ilmenite in this process is unlikely to suffer from major agglomeration or fluidization issues.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kai Yuan, Yane Zheng, Kongzhai Li, Zhiyuan Yang, Hua Wang, Yaming Wang, Lihong Jiang, Xing Zhu, Yonggang Wei, Yuhao Wang
Summary: The study investigates the effects of doping amounts of Ce and Ni ions and calcination temperature on the reactivity of oxygen carriers in chemical looping reforming. The results show that the La_0.6Ce_0.4Fe_0.6Ni_0.4O_3 oxygen carrier calcined at lower temperature displays better resistance to carbon deposition.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Birgitta Narindri Rara Winayu, Chun-Ta Li, Hsin Chu
Summary: Calcined ilmenite was used as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion (CLC) and achieved high conversion rates. Increasing syngas concentration, operating temperature, and superficial velocity improved the reaction rate and oxygen carrier utilization, but the application of CO and CH4 caused carbon deposition and surface blocking. High redox cycles had a negative effect on the performance of the oxygen carrier.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jialiang Hua, Kun Wang, Qi Wang, Ruijie Peng
Summary: The novel and energy-efficient technology of Chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) utilizes a nitrogen carrier to absorb nitrogen in the nitridation reactor, and then synthesizes ammonia in the ammoniation reactor. The feasibility of Fe-based nitrogen carrier (Fe4N/Fe2N) for this process was investigated thermodynamically, showing specific temperature, pressure, and molar ratio requirements for optimal nitridation and ammoniation reactions.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sweta Bastia, Yilleng Titus Moses, Niharika Kumar, Rajashree P. Mishra, Yatendra S. Chaudhary
Summary: Researchers have successfully synthesized modified NiTiO3-based nanoelectrocatalysts with Ni metal sites and oxygen vacancies for efficient activation and reduction of N-2. The catalysts have been further modified with ultra-small metal nanocrystal co-catalysts to improve charge separation and reduce overpotential requirements. Electrochemical and characterization experiments confirm the excellent performance of these modified catalysts.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. Cabello, A. Abad, M. de las Obras Loscertales, P. Bartocci, F. Garcia-Labiano, L. F. de Diego
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of increased operating pressure on the fuel conversion in chemical looping combustion systems using ilmenite as the oxygen carrier. Fluid dynamics and reaction kinetics were considered to determine suitable design parameters. The results showed that incomplete combustion occurred at atmospheric conditions, while some improvement was achieved at pressurized conditions, leading to higher energy efficiency.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qinghua Lai, Tianyi Cai, Shik Chi Edman Tsang, Xia Chen, Runping Ye, Zhenghe Xu, Morris D. Argyle, Dong Ding, Yongmei Chen, Jianji Wang, Armistead G. Russell, Ye Wu, Jian Liu, Maohong Fan
Summary: This study evaluates the previous results of chemical looping ammonia production (CLAP), provides perspectives for future development, and discusses the ways to improve CLAP performance with the assistance of plasma technology and artificial intelligence.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanan Wang, Hengfeng Bu, Haibo Zhao, Kunlei Liu
Summary: Solid fuel chemical looping gasification technology requires the development of low-cost, easily available oxygen carrier particles, with Cu/Fe-based OCs from waste ore particles and bauxite residues showing promise for coal gasification. Among these OCs, red mud and Cu20Fe80@C exhibit better gasification performance and potential for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and H-2-rich chemical synthesis. The study also reveals the importance of lattice oxygen donation capacity and alkali metal content in determining coal and char gasification rates.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lei Liu, Zhenshan Li, Zuoan Li, Yngve Larring, Ningsheng Cai
Summary: The MFB-TGA method is effective in measuring fast heterogeneous kinetics of oxygen carriers, overcoming limitations observed in TGA. The study investigated oxygen uncoupling and redox reaction kinetics of CaMn0.5Ti0.375Fe0.125O3-delta, revealing oxidation reactions are chemically controlled, while reduction reactions have both fast and slow stages. Analyzing the MFB-TGA data provided kinetic parameters for both oxygen uncoupling and redox reactions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xianhua Zhang, Rui Liu, Tao Liu, Chunlei Pei, Jinlong Gong
Summary: Methane has potential as a promising alternative to crude oil for energy fuels and chemicals. Chemical looping methane conversion, among various techniques, allows for efficient utilization of methane with minimal environmental impact and energy loss. Understanding of redox catalysts that combine surface reaction and bulk oxygen transport is crucial to enhance reaction performance.
TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duygu Yilmaz, Esraa Darwish, Henrik Leion
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duygu Yilmaz, Esraa Darwish, Henrik Leion
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duygu Yilmaz, Henrik Leion
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Duygu Yilmaz, Esraa Darwish, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigates the oxygen release behavior of calcium manganese-based oxides in a chemical looping oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) application, and explores the impact of Fe, Mg, and Cu dopants on this behavior. Results show that CaMn0.8Cu0.2O3 exhibits the highest oxygen release performance in fluidized bed tests, while CaMn0.9Mg0.1O3 demonstrates the best cyclic stability among the samples tested.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duygu Yilmaz, Esraa Darwish, Henrik Leion
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shammya Afroze, Duygu Yilmaz, Md Sumon Reza, Paul F. Henry, Quentin Cheok, Juliana H. Zaini, Abul K. Azad, Alibek Issakhov, Milad Sadeghzadeh
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Martin Attah, Fredrik Hildor, Duygu Yilmaz, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigates vanadium extraction from steel converter slag using a combustion technique called oxygen carrier aided combustion (OCAC). It found that higher extraction efficiency could be achieved using microwave-assisted leaching with optimized conditions.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Victor Purnomo, Duygu Yilmaz, Henrik Leion, Tobias Mattisson
Summary: This study investigated the defluidization phenomena of oxygen carriers under highly reducing conditions, finding that iron-based oxygen carriers were more prone to defluidization while manganese-based materials were less affected.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Duygu Yilmaz, Britt-Marie Steenari, Henrik Leion
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a promising method for carbon capture and storage (CCS) that utilizes an oxygen carrier to convert fuel into CO2 while separating it from air components. However, alkali compounds from biomass may cause deactivation of the oxygen carrier. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the interaction between iron oxygen carriers and biomass ash-forming compounds.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zichen Di, Duygu Yilmaz, Arijit Biswas, Fangqin Cheng, Henrik Leion
Summary: Industrial materials containing spinel ferrite structure can be potential substitutes for synthetic oxygen carriers in chemical looping combustion, showing similar reactivity and stability but lower oxygen transport capacity.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Duygu Yilmaz, Nursen Koc
Summary: The study focused on investigating the synthesis parameters for strontium hexaboride, resulting in successful synthesis of SrB6 using a boro/carbothermal reduction method. Two different methods were used to prepare an optimum condensed product, with the best synthesis condition determined as 1500 degrees C for 8 hours under an Ar flow. The transitional phases in the final product were identified as strontium-rich borates, carbon, and boron carbide (B4C) through characterization techniques such as XRD and SEM-EDX.
JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Esraa Darwish, Moufida Mansouri, Duygu Yilmaz, Henrik Leion
Summary: Perovskites, particularly transition-metal-based ones, show great potential for thermochemical energy storage applications due to their spontaneous O-2 release, with Cu substitution significantly improving cyclic stability and oxygen release/uptake capacity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Moufida Mansouri, Vitalii Shtender, Cristian Tunsu, Duygu Yilmaz, Olfa Messaoudi, Burcak Ebin, Martin Sahlberg, Martina Petranikova
Summary: A novel method for utilizing rare earth elements from Ni-MH battery wastes as alternative resources is proposed, and high-quality alloys were successfully produced. The crystal structure and morphology of the alloys were investigated, and the structural changes during hydrogenation were observed.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fredrik Hildor, Duygu Yilmaz, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between potassium salts (K2CO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4) and oxygen carriers (LD slag, ilmenite, mixtures of the two, and carriers diluted with silica sand). The results show that the interaction results in agglomeration to varying degrees. K2CO3 and K2SO4 form potassium silicates, while KH2PO4 forms a phosphorus-containing melt. The presence of LD slag leads to the formation of a K-Ca-P phase, which is not observed when ilmenite is present.
Correction
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Liu, Juntong Dong, Xiaodan Li, Teng Xu, Zhenguo Li, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Mubasher Ikram, Shihai Zhang, Chao Jin, Zhenlong Geng, Tianyun Sun, Haifeng Liu
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Seba Alareeqi, Daniel Bahamon, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou, Lourdes F. Vega
Summary: This study explores the potential application of single-atom-alloy (SAA) catalysts in bio-oils hydrodeoxygenation refining using density functional theory (DFT) and microkinetic modeling. It establishes the relationships between stability, adsorptive properties, and activity structures for bio-oil derivatives, providing guidance for the synthesis of cost-effective SAA combinations.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Bin Hu, Wen -Ming Zhang, Xue-Wen Guo, Ji Liu, Xiao Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: This study explored the pyrolysis behaviors and mechanisms of different monosaccharides, including arabinose, galactose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. The roles of structural differences in these monosaccharides were analyzed, and it was found that glucuronic acid undergoes a special C-C bond breaking reaction during pyrolysis. The findings provide a deep understanding of the pyrolysis chemistry of hemicellulose and the role of different branches.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Youwei Zhi, Donghai Xu, Guanyu Jiang, Wanpeng Yang, Zhilin Chen, Peigao Duan, Jie Zhang
Summary: Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an effective method for the harmless disposal of municipal sludge (MS) and offers potential applications for the obtained products. Optimizing reaction conditions, coupling with other waste materials, and combining different processes can improve the performance of HTC. Furthermore, HTC contributes to energy recovery and enhances the quality of life cycle assessment.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jia Wang, Jianchun Jiang, Dongxian Li, Xianzhi Meng, Arthur J. Ragauskas
Summary: This study presents a scalable process for converting holocellulose and cellulosic wastes into advanced oxygen-containing biofuels with high furan, cyclic ketone, and ethanol content. By combining hydropyrolysis and vapor-phase hydrodeoxygenation using Pd/Al2O3 as a catalyst, the researchers achieved high yields and conversions. The integrated process holds great promise for biomass waste conversion into advanced biofuels.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Florian Held, Jannis Reusch, Steffen Salenbauch, Christian Hasse
Summary: The accurate prediction and assessment of soot emissions in internal combustion engines are crucial for the development of sustainable powertrains. This study presents a detailed quadrature-based method of moments (QMOM) soot model coupled with a state-of-the-art flow solver for the simulation of gasoline engines. The model accurately describes the entire cause-and-effect chain of soot formation, growth and oxidation. Experimental validation and engine cycle simulations are used to identify the root cause of observed soot formation hotspots.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
