期刊
EVOLUTION
卷 76, 期 1, 页码 128-138出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/evo.14405
关键词
Detour task; fish; inhibitory control; male guppies; relative telencephalon size
资金
- Swedish Research Council grant [2016-03435]
- Swiss National Science Foundation Early Postdoc Mobility grant [P2NEP3_188240]
- Swedish Research Council [2016-03435] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [P2NEP3_188240] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
The study experimentally investigated the influence of mosaic brain evolution on cognitive ability by artificially selecting male guppies for different telencephalon sizes. The results showed that males with larger telencephalons outperformed those with smaller telencephalons in executive cognitive tasks, providing experimental evidence that evolutionary enlargement of telencephalon size confers cognitive benefits.
Mosaic brain evolution, the change in the size of separate brain regions in response to selection on cognitive performance, is an important idea in the field of cognitive evolution. However, untill now, most of the data on how separate brain regions respond to selection and their cognitive consequences stem from comparative studies. To experimentally investigate the influence of mosaic brain evolution on cognitive ability, we used male guppies artificially selected for large and small telencephalons relative to the rest of the brain. Here, we tested an important aspect of executive cognitive ability using a detour task. We found that males with larger telencephalons outperformed males with smaller telencephalons. Fish with larger telencephalons showed faster improvement in performance during detour training and were more successful in reaching the food reward without touching the transparent barrier (i.e., through correct detouring) during the test phase. Together, our findings provide the first experimental evidence showing that evolutionary enlargement of relative telencephalon size confers cognitive benefits, supporting an important role for mosaic brain evolution during cognitive evolution.
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