Article
Biology
Cynthia Tang, Jimin Han, Sonal Dalvi, Kannan Manian, Lauren Winschel, Stefanie Volland, Celia A. Soto, Chad A. Galloway, Whitney Spencer, Michael Roll, Caroline Milliner, Vera L. Bonilha, Tyler B. Johnson, Lisa Latchney, Jill M. Weimer, Erika F. Augustine, Jonathan W. Mink, Vamsi K. Gullapalli, Mina Chung, David S. Williams, Ruchira Singh
Summary: Mutations in CLN3 lead to photoreceptor cell loss in CLN3 disease, affecting the phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Patient-derived cells show that CLN3 is essential for RPE cell structure and phagocytosis, suggesting potential for gene therapy targeting RPE cells in treating CLN3 disease.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Yisheng Huang, Zhijie Huang, Zhengming Tang, Yuanxin Chen, Mingshu Huang, Hongyu Liu, Weibo Huang, Qingsong Ye, Bo Jia
Summary: Organoids as a new research model have made significant progress in the past decade, with more advantages compared to traditional models and applications in multiple fields. This review summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of organoids in physiological development, pathological mechanisms, drug screening, and organ transplantation, discussing vascularization, immune microenvironment, and hydrogel as main influencing factors and pointing out future directions of development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noboru Mizushima, Eileen White, David C. Rubinsztein
Summary: Research on autophagy has made significant progress in the past two decades, but its application to human diseases remains limited.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Attila D. Kovacs, Logan M. Langin, Jose L. Gonzalez Hernandez, David A. Pearce
Summary: Acidified drinking water has therapeutic effects in Cln1(R151X) mice, improving motor ability and reducing brain damage. The therapeutic effects of acidified water may be mediated by altering gut microbiota composition.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel Myerowitz, Rosa Puertollano, Nina Raben
Summary: Lysosomal storage disorders are caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in lysosomal function, leading to abnormal storage and autophagic dysfunction. Although different LSDs affect diverse lysosomal functions, they all uniquely impair the autophagic process when mutant.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael P. Manns, Benjamin Maasoumy
Summary: The history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serves as a role model for successful research. From the discovery of an unknown virus in the 1970s to the development of direct antiviral agents, HCV research has made tremendous breakthroughs. The introduction of these agents revolutionized treatment and led to viral eradication in more than 98% of infected patients, making HCV the first curable chronic viral infection.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Emily Gardner, Sara E. Mole
Summary: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders affecting children and adults, sharing similar clinical features and accumulation of storage material. Over 530 mutations have been identified in 13 genes, encoding various proteins including lysosomal enzymes. While many mutations are associated with typical disease phenotypes, there is an increasing description of variant disease phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Aydin Berenjian, Nima Yazdanpanah
Summary: MK-7, a biological molecule with geometric isomers, has been found to have significant health benefits when consumed. Due to its scarcity in natural dietary sources, there is a need for dietary supplements of MK-7. Fermentation techniques, particularly in liquid-state, have been explored for the synthesis of MK-7. Biofilm reactors, especially using B. subtilis cells, show promise in overcoming challenges of high aeration and agitation rates. However, scalability of this technology is yet to be demonstrated. This work highlights the importance of all-trans MK-7 and offers insights into the advancements and potential strategies for producing MK-7 through fermentation techniques.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Patrick W. Serruys, Masafumi Ono, Scot Garg, Hironori Hara, Hideyuki Kawashima, Giulio Pompilio, Daniele Andreini, David R. Holmes, Yoshinobu Onuma, Spencer B. King
Summary: Over the past 40 years, percutaneous coronary intervention has become a standard treatment option for patients with advanced coronary artery disease. However, the roles of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass graft surgery in different patient populations continue to be debated, with personalized medicine emerging as an important consideration. Advancements in technology and pharmaceuticals will continue to shape the conversation around the best treatment strategies for individual patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudio Fiocchi
Summary: The recent advancements in technologies like sequencing and mass spectroscopy, combined with artificial intelligence-powered analytic tools, have revolutionized big data research in complex diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This review provides a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge on omes, omics, and multi-omics in IBD, highlighting their importance in understanding disease mechanisms and potential clinical applications such as biomarker identification and precision medicine. The review also critically analyzes the limitations of current IBD multi-omics studies and suggests ways to optimize the use of multi-omics data for better clinical and therapeutic outcomes. Finally, the review predicts the future incorporation of multi-omics analyses in the routine management of IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
I. Basak, H. E. Wicky, K. O. McDonald, J. B. Xu, J. E. Palmer, H. L. Best, S. Lefrancois, S. Y. Lee, L. Schoderboeck, S. M. Hughes
Summary: Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL), also known as Batten disease, is an incurable childhood brain disease caused by mutations in thirteen CLN genes. Mutations in the CLN5 gene lead to a form of variant late-infantile NCL, with widespread protein expression in various tissues. Research on CLN5 helps to understand lysosomal biology and develop efficient therapies for CLN5 Batten disease.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Micaela Riscado, Bruno Baptista, Fani Sousa
Summary: Dementia is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common and having a significant impact on patients' health and quality of life. The pathologic process is characterized by amyloid deposition, Tau phosphorylation, and neurodegeneration, but it is still unclear how these events are connected to disease progression.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Keigo Takahashi, Hemanth R. Nelvagal, Jenny Lange, Jonathan D. Cooper
Summary: This article summarizes the latest understanding of glial pathologies and their contribution to the pathogenesis of NCLs, highlighting the challenges that require further research.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Bruna Miglioranza Scavuzzi, Vincent van Drongelen, Joseph Holoshitz
Summary: Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are important genetic risk factors in many diseases, but the mechanisms underlying their associations remain unclear. The MHC Cusp theory posits that in addition to antigen presentation, MHC codes for allele-specific molecules that can trigger MHC-associated diseases through interactions with receptors. Empirical evidence has supported this theory in several HLA-Class II-associated autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joseph J. Provost
Summary: This article provides a guide for starting a course-based undergraduate research education (CURE). It describes the composition of CUREs and suggests a workflow to design a CURE for chemistry disciplines. It also presents recent examples of chemistry-focused CUREs and introduces supported CURE networks.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2022)