Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Testa, Emilio Venturelli, Maria Felice Brizzi
Summary: Breast cancers and cancers of the genitourinary tract are common malignancies with high mortality rates. Early diagnosis is crucial, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being explored as potential biomarkers sourced from various cell types. Different body fluids are also emerging as potential sources for diagnostic purposes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yujin Lee, Jie Ni, Julia Beretov, Valerie C. C. Wasinger, Peter Graham, Yong Li
Summary: Current clinical tools for breast cancer diagnosis are limited, but liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally invasive strategy for real-time monitoring of tumor biomarkers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in tumor development and metastasis. Small EVs (sEVs) are being investigated as a potential source of novel biomarkers for breast cancer using advanced proteomics and sequencing technologies. This review highlights recent advancements in sEV isolation and analysis and summarizes the identified sEV biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and chemoresistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erika Bandini, Tania Rossi, Emanuela Scarpi, Giulia Gallerani, Ivan Vannini, Samanta Salvi, Irene Azzali, Mattia Melloni, Sara Salucci, Michela Battistelli, Patrizia Serra, Roberta Maltoni, William C. Cho, Francesco Fabbri
Summary: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor in women, and the leading cause of cancer death. Studies suggest that extracellular vesicles could be important tools for diagnosing and monitoring the progression of breast cancer.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lin Liu, Masahiro Kawashima, Masahiro Sugimoto, Kazuhiro Sonomura, Fengling Pu, Wei Li, Masashi Takeda, Takayuki Goto, Kosuke Kawaguchi, Taka-Aki Sato, Masakazu Toi
Summary: The study found that the lipid composition of plasma-derived extracellular vesicles can serve as biomarkers for diagnosing breast cancer as well as identifying its progression and subtypes. By analyzing the lipid profiles, a diagnostic model for breast cancer was established, and several lipids were discovered to effectively differentiate the progression and subtypes of breast cancer. Lipid profiling of plasma-derived extracellular vesicles is a non-invasive and promising approach for diagnosing, staging, and subtyping breast cancer.
Article
Cell Biology
Nuno Couto, Julia Elzanowska, Joana Maia, Silvia Batista, Catarina Esteves Pereira, Hans Christian Beck, Ana Sofia Carvalho, Maria Carolina Strano Moraes, Carlos Carvalho, Manuela Oliveira, Rune Matthiesen, Bruno Costa-Silva
Summary: In this study, the researchers analyzed the plasma EV protein composition in PDAC patients. They found that IgG is associated with the diagnosis of PDAC and the patient's response to therapy. The population of IgG+ EVs increases with disease progression and decreases with treatment response. The findings suggest that population analysis of IgG+ EVs is a novel method for monitoring PDAC treatment response.
Review
Oncology
Hsing-Ju Wu, Pei-Yi Chu
Summary: This article summarizes the recent discoveries on liquid biopsy and detection techniques. Breast cancer is the most common cancer and leading cause of death worldwide, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis. Liquid biopsy, as a less invasive diagnostic tool, is gaining more attention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyunku Shin, Byeong Hyeon Choi, On Shim, Jihee Kim, Yong Park, Suk Ki Cho, Hyun Koo Kim, Yeonho Choi
Summary: This study successfully detected the presence of 6 types of early-stage cancer and classified the tumor organ type using artificial intelligence and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. It shows potential in early cancer detection and has the ability to expand to other diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Barnabas Irmer, Suganja Chandrabalan, Lukas Maas, Annalen Bleckmann, Kerstin Menck
Summary: During the past decade, liquid biopsy-related publications have increased exponentially, demonstrating the great potential of screening body fluids for diagnosis, monitoring, and prediction of therapy response in cancer patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly being discussed as valuable carriers of cancer biomarkers in liquid biopsy samples. However, the lack of standardized and clinically feasible protocols for EV purification and characterization still limits the applicability of EV-based cancer biomarker analysis. This review provides an overview of current EV isolation and characterization techniques and outlines tumor-specific EV biomarkers relevant for cancer diagnosis, disease monitoring, and the prediction of cancer progression and therapy resistance.
Review
Oncology
Barbara Cardinali, Roberta Tasso, Patrizia Piccioli, Maria Chiara Ciferri, Rodolfo Quarto, Lucia Del Mastro
Summary: This review discusses the potential application of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic and monitoring biomarkers in breast cancer. It highlights the advantages and challenges that need to be addressed. Although further studies are needed to support their clinical utility, miRNAs could represent novel tools for breast cancer management.
Article
Oncology
Alexandros G. Sykaras, Konstantinos Christofidis, Ekaterini Politi, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a major cause of cancer-related death among women, with increasing incidence and unchanged survival rates. Understanding the pathogenesis of EC is critical for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Exosomes have emerged as valuable sources of biomarkers in EC, serving as shuttles for biomolecule transfer between cells. These biomolecules play crucial roles in cancer pathogenesis, progression, and regulation of tumor cells, making them attractive therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the functions of exosomes in EC, particularly their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic vectors.
Article
Oncology
Massimiliano Del Bene, Daniela Osti, Stefania Faletti, Galina Beznoussenko, Francesco DiMeco, Giuliana Pelicci
Summary: GBM is the most aggressive and lethal disease of the central nervous system. Current treatment options are unable to cope with its heterogeneity, mutability, and invasiveness. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) may serve as a promising tool for liquid biopsy to facilitate GBM diagnosis and enable personalized treatment to address the challenges posed by its heterogeneity and mutability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Zhang, Gui-Yuan Zhang, Wei-Chao Su, Ya-Ting Chen, Yu-Feng Liu, Dong Wei, Yan-Xi Zhang, Qiu-Yi Tang, Yu-Xiang Liu, Shi-Zhi Wang, Wen-Chao Li, Anke Wesselius, Maurice P. Zeegers, Zi-Yu Zhang, Yan-Hong Gu, W. Andy Tao, Evan Yi-Wen Yu
Summary: This study demonstrates a translational workflow to identify EV proteins as molecular markers for improved clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer. By isolating urinary EVs and conducting mass spectrometry analysis, 18 EV proteins associated with prostate cancer were identified, and 3 of them were consistently upregulated. In addition, it was found that 6 of these EV proteins have been developed as drug targets, and protein-protein interactions were observed. Furthermore, the potential mechanistic pathways of these EV proteins were enriched in metabolic, immune, and inflammatory activities. Classification assessment showed that some of these EV proteins, along with age, prostate size, body mass index, and prostate-specific antigen, add predictable value in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maha M. Itani, Farah J. Nassar, Arafat H. Tfayli, Rabih S. Talhouk, Ghada K. Chamandi, Abdul Rahman S. Itani, Joelle Makoukji, Rose-Mary N. Boustany, Lifang Hou, Nathalie K. Zgheib, Rihab R. Nasr
Summary: The combination of miR-145/miR-425-5p/miR-139-5p/miR-130a as a panel of microRNAs shows the highest diagnostic accuracy for early-stage breast cancer detection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Dzaman, Katarzyna Czerwaty
Summary: This review examines the role of exosomes in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and their potential applications. The findings suggest that exosomal biomarkers have promising clinical utility in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRS patients, and may also contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Furthermore, exosomes can serve as excellent materials for studying noninvasive proteomic alterations, which is important for the development of personalized medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jiayi Weng, Xiaoqiang Xiang, Lingwen Ding, Andrea Li-Ann Wong, Qi Zeng, Gautam Sethi, Lingzhi Wang, Soo Chin Lee, Boon Cher Goh
Summary: Cancer has become a major global cause of death, and the early diagnosis of cancer using extracellular vesicles as biomarkers has potential in improving diagnostic accuracy and guiding therapeutic decisions. However, more research is needed to optimize the process of isolation, characterization, and identification of EV biomarkers for optimal outcomes.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Soon Bo Choi, Jung Min Park, Jee Hyun Ahn, Jieon Go, Jeeye Kim, Hyung Seok Park, Seung Il Kim, Byeong-Woo Park, Seho Park
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between Ki-67 level and the prognosis of breast cancer patients, regardless of the timing of Ki-67 testing. The results showed that patients with higher Ki-67 levels had poorer survival, larger tumors, higher grade, and more aggressive treatment, regardless of when the testing was conducted.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jeea Lee, Ga Yoon Ku, Haemin Lee, Hyung Seok Park, Ja Seung Ku, Jee Ye Kim, Seho Park, Byeong-Woo Park
Summary: This study evaluated the rate of upgrade of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) on preoperative biopsy to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive carcinoma. The results showed a relatively high upgrade rate, and the presence of microcalcification and progesterone receptor expression may predict the upgrade. Surgical excision of LCIS during preoperative biopsy is recommended to identify any concealed malignancy.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Namki Hong, Seung Won Burm, Graham Treece, Jee Ye Kim, Min Hwan Kim, Seunghyun Lee, Sungjae Shin, Yumie Rhee
Summary: Aromatase inhibitor treatment in breast cancer is associated with accelerated bone loss and increased risk of fracture. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are effective in preventing bone loss and improving bone density in key locations of the femur in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF BONE ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hyung Seok Park, Jeea Lee, Hung-Wen Lai, Jung Mi Park, Jai Min Ryu, Jeong Eon Lee, Jee Ye Kim, Emilia Marrazzo, Alessandra Margherita De Scalzi, Giovanni Corso, Filippo Montemurro, Guglielmo Gazzetta, Giada Pozzi, Antonio Toesca
Summary: This study compared the surgical and oncologic outcomes of robotic nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) and conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (CNSM). The results showed that RNSM can provide better cosmetic results and have lower rates of postoperative complications and nipple necrosis.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jieon Go, Jee Hyun Ahn, Jung Min Park, Soon Bo Choi, Jeea Lee, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park
Summary: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) using the da Vinci single-port (SP) system. The results of the study indicate that RNSM can be applied for curative and risk-reducing mastectomy, regardless of breast size or ptosis grade.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sunyoung Park, Sungwoo Ahn, Jee Ye Kim, Jungho Kim, Hyun Ju Han, Dasom Hwang, Jungmin Park, Hyung Seok Park, Seho Park, Gun Min Kim, Joohyuk Sohn, Joon Jeong, Yong Uk Song, Hyeyoung Lee, Seung Il Kim
Summary: This study aimed to develop a cost-effective blood test for the early detection of breast cancer using mRNA-based tests. A total of 719 blood samples from breast cancer patients and healthy controls were evaluated, and 10 mRNA transcripts with increased expression in breast cancer patients were identified. Machine learning techniques were employed to model tumor-associated circulating transcripts (TACTs), and the artificial neural network (ANN) model showed superior sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compared to other models. The TACTs assay had higher sensitivity than conventional assays and consistent performance across different cancer stages, suggesting its potential for early diagnosis and prediction of poor outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sujin Yeon, Ansuk Jeong, Jihee Min, Jiyong Byeon, Yong Jin Yoon, Jinmoo Heo, Chulwon Lee, Jeeye Kim, Seho Park, Seung Il Kim, Justin Y. Jeon
Summary: This study explores the barriers and facilitators of exercise among breast cancer patients immediately after surgery and up to 4 weeks post-surgery. Physical constraints and psychological resistance were identified as obstacles to exercise, while a sense of purpose and previous exercise experience were seen as facilitators. Professional intervention tailored to the time since surgery and physical state is crucial in overcoming psychological resistance and developing a sense of purpose.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jiae Moon, Hyung Seok Park, Jee Ye Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Soyoung Jeon, Dongwoo Lee, Sun Joon Bai, Na Young Kim
Summary: This study demonstrated that intraoperative PECS II block under direct vision can significantly reduce fentanyl consumption in patients undergoing RNSM during the postoperative 24 hours, and also decrease the pain intensity scores of patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Hyung Seok Park, Jeea Lee, Hung-Wen Lai, Jung Mi Park, Jai Min Ryu, Jeong Eon Lee, Jee Ye Kim, Emilia Marrazzo, Alessandra Margherita De Scalzi, Giovanni Corso, Filippo Montemurro, Guglielmo Gazzetta, Giada Pozzi, Antonio Toesca
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Min Jeong Lee, Jongmin Won, Seung Yong Song, Hyung Seok Park, Jee Ye Kim, Hye Jung Shin, Young In Kwon, Dong Won Lee, Na Young Kim
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of robotic and conventional deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstructions. The results showed that robotic DIEP flap offered enhanced postoperative recovery with reduced pain and shorter hospital stay.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yong Joon Lee, Jee Ye Kim, Seung Hyuck Jeon, Heejin Nam, Jae Hyung Jung, Minwoo Jeon, Eui-Soon Kim, Soong June Bae, Juneyoung Ahn, Tae-Kyung Yoo, Woo Young Sun, Sung Gwe Ahn, Joon Jeong, Su-Hyung Park, Woo Chan Park, Seung Il Kim, Eui-Cheol Shin
Summary: By examining the heterogeneity of CD8(+) T cells in breast cancer patients, our study reveals that CD39(+) tissue-resident memory T cells are key players in antitumor immunity. These cells exhibit phenotypic similarity and clonal overlap in tumors and metastatic lymph nodes, and their enrichment varies among molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Inhibition of PD-1 and/or CTLA-4 effectively restores the function of CD39(+) T cells and enhances cytokine production. This suggests that CD39(+) T cells have the potential to be targeted for improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Jee Hyun Ahn, Jung Min Park, Soon Bo Choi, Jieon Go, Jeea Lee, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of performing axillary lymph node dissection using a robotic surgical system in patients with node-positive breast cancer. The results showed that robotic axillary lymph node dissection is comparable to conventional axillary lymph node dissection in terms of early surgical outcomes, and it can reduce the size of the incision.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jiin Ryu, Eun-Young Lee, Jihee Min, Sujin Yeon, Ji-Won Lee, Sang Hui Chu, Hyangkyu Lee, Seung Il Kim, Jee Ye Kim, Seho Park, Justin Y. Jeon
Summary: This 12-month randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of tailored home-based exercise programs on short-term and long-term physiological outcomes in patients with breast cancer. The study found that exercise interventions customized to patients' treatment phase, surgery type, and physical function can improve shoulder function, body composition, and insulin resistance. These findings provide guidance for the development of effective exercise programs for patients with breast cancer post-operatively.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jee Hyun Ahn, Jieon Go, Suk Jun Lee, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park, Seung Il Kim, Byeong-Woo Park, Vivian Youngjean Park, Jung Hyun Yoon, Min Jung Kim, Seho Park
Summary: Mammographic density is an independent risk factor for breast cancer, and this study evaluates the percent changes in volumetric breast density before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results show that Delta Vbd% is associated with pathological complete response in breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chang Gon Kim, Min Hwan Kim, Jee Hung Kim, Seul-Gi Kim, Gun Min Kim, Tae Yeong Kim, Won-Ji Ryu, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park, Seho Park, Young Up Cho, Byeong Woo Park, Seung Il Kim, Joon Jeong, Joohyuk Sohn
Summary: This study analyzed data from postmenopausal women with HR-positive, HER2-negative ABC who were treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors and found that on-treatment dNLR predicted progression-free survival (PFS). Flow cytometry analysis revealed potential systemic immune responses induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors, including prevention of T cell exhaustion and reduction of myeloid-derived suppressor cell frequency.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)