Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Anzhi Chen, Yanchao Han, Kenneth D. Poss
Summary: Vitamin D enhances the efficacy of fin regeneration in zebrafish, with active signaling identified in adult fins during tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Targeting vitamin D signaling pathways could potentially improve regeneration outcomes in other species as well.
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Xiangyu Lin, Liang Zhu, Jing He
Summary: This article reviews the structure, development, cycle, and molecular regulation of hair follicles, providing new ideas for solving hair follicle-related diseases and forming functional hair follicles.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ying Xiao, Dan Li
Summary: The cochlea is the sensory organ in the periphery, and hair cells are its main sensory cells. Epigenetic regulation controls the structure and function of the genome in response to different cell fates during the development and survival of hair cells. Epigenetic modification also plays a significant role in the regulation of hair cell fate in response to environmental-related damage. Understanding the role of epigenetics in inner ear cell development, survival, and regeneration is crucial for hearing protection.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhengnan Luo, Yi Du, Shuting Li, He Zhang, Muya Shu, Di Zhang, Shunji He, Guangqin Wang, Falong Lu, Zhiyong Liu
Summary: This study reveals the cooperative action of three distinct enhancers in regulating Atoh1 during hair cell development in the inner ear. Deleting one or two of these enhancers impairs hair cell development, while simultaneous deletion of all three enhancers results in almost complete absence of hair cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Amrita A. Iyer, Ishwar Hosamani, John D. Nguyen, Tiantian Cai, Sunita Singh, Melissa M. McGovern, Lisa Beyer, Hongyuan Zhang, Hsin- Jen, Rizwan Yousaf, Onur Birol, Jenny J. Sun, Russell S. Ray, Yehoash Raphael, Neil Segil, Andrew K. Groves, Brian S. Kim
Summary: Reprogramming of the cochlea with hair-cell-specific transcription factors such as ATOH1 has been proposed for treating hearing loss. However, the efficiency of hair cell reprogramming declines as the cochlea matures. A combination of ATOH1, GFI1, and POU4F3 can reprogram non-sensory cells of the cochlea to a hair cell fate, but the resulting cells are less mature compared to those generated at an earlier stage. Epigenetic accessibility and signaling from hair cells to supporting cells, including Notch signaling, are key factors that impede hair cell reprogramming in older animals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aishwarya Gurumurthy, David T. Yu, Jared R. Stees, Pamela Chamales, Ekaterina Gavrilova, Paul Wassel, Lu Li, Daniel Stribling, Jinyang Chen, Marissa Brackett, Alexander M. Ishov, Mingyi Xie, Jorg Bungert
Summary: SEs mediate high transcription levels by recruiting transcription complexes and generating eRNAs. The LCR is able to recruit transcription complexes independently from linked genes, and HS2 initiates bidirectional transcription. Integrator complex plays a role in terminating eRNA transcription and interacts downstream of LCR HS2, affecting transcription of beta-globin genes.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin-Xiu Li, Xue-Zhen Huang, Wei-ping Fu, Xiao-hua Zhang, David H. Mauki, Jing Zhang, Chang Sun, Lu-Ming Dai, Li Zhong, Li Yu, Ya-ping Zhang
Summary: This study conducted comprehensive bioinformatics analyses and experimental verifications to explore the regulatory mechanism of rs10516526 and GSTCD in COPD. The results showed that low expression of GSTCD was associated with COPD, and the transcription factors C-Jun and CREB1 were found to be essential for the regulation of GSTCD by specific genetic signals. Moreover, certain mutated forms of these signals showed a stronger binding ability to the transcription factors, potentially leading to allele-specific regulation and reduced susceptibility to COPD.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwangdeok Shin, Ian J. Begeman, Jingli Cao, Junsu Kang
Summary: By studying the heterogeneity of noncardiomyocytes in regenerating zebrafish hearts, we identified cellular types and factors involved in cardiac regeneration, revealing regenerative features of the heart.
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Patrick-Simon Welz
Summary: The circadian clock plays a crucial role in regulating stem cell balance and regeneration in the skin of both young and old individuals. Daily rhythm alterations in aged stem cells can negatively impact skin regeneration.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Dylan J. Guerin, Cindy X. Kha, Kelly Ai-Sun Tseng
Summary: Apoptosis plays a critical role in regeneration by stimulating proliferation and regulating cell number and patterning in regenerating tissues. Its conservation across species highlights its importance in programmed cell death and motivates further investigation into its mechanisms and functions during regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Neena Lala-Tabbert, Hamood AlSudais, Francois Marchildon, Dechen Fu, Nadine Wiper-Bergeron
Summary: The study shows that the transcription factor C/EBP beta is necessary to maintain quiescence of satellite cells in uninjured muscle. Loss of C/EBP beta in satellite cells promotes premature exit from quiescence, while forced expression of C/EBP beta inhibits proliferation by upregulating quiescence-associated genes. Additionally, caveolin-1 is identified as a direct transcriptional target of C/EBP beta required for cell cycle exit in muscle satellite cells expressing C/EBP beta.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Danni Hong, Hongli Lin, Lifang Liu, Muya Shu, Jianwu Dai, Falong Lu, Mengsha Tong, Jialiang Huang
Summary: This study introduces an algorithm, eNet, to build enhancer networks in single cells, providing insights into the regulatory relationships among enhancers and their role in controlling cell identity and disease genes. The study finds that complex enhancer networks are important in regulating gene expression and predicting cell identity and disease genes.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Danni Hong, Hongli Lin, Lifang Liu, Muya Shu, Jianwu Dai, Falong Lu, Mengsha Tong, Jialiang Huang
Summary: We propose an algorithm, eNet, to construct enhancer networks by integrating single-cell chromatin accessibility and gene expression profiles. Applying eNet to a human blood dataset, we find that cell identity and disease genes are regulated by complex enhancer networks, with the network hub enhancers being the most important. Compared to super-enhancers, enhancer networks outperform in predicting cell identity and disease genes. Our work presents a model of enhancer networks containing three modes: Simple, Multiple, and Complex, based on the complexity of gene expression regulation. In summary, our study provides an unsupervised approach to identify key cell identity and disease genes and explore the regulatory relationships among enhancers in single cells.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Jieyu Qi, Wenjuan Huang, Yicheng Lu, Xuehan Yang, Yinyi Zhou, Tian Chen, Xiaohan Wang, Yafeng Yu, Jia-Qiang Sun, Renjie Chai
Summary: Hearing loss is a growing problem that burdens the global economy. Understanding the mechanisms of damage repair and promoting the regeneration of functional hair cells are urgent tasks in hearing research. This article reviews the mechanisms of hair cell reproduction, discusses therapeutic strategies for effective regeneration, and explores potential future approaches such as small molecule drugs and gene therapy.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan You, Wenli Ni, Yikang Huang, Qin Zhou, Yanping Zhang, Tao Jiang, Yan Chen, Wenyan Li
Summary: The continuous overexpression of Atoh1 plays a crucial role in the development and survival of hair cells in the inner ear for the restoration of hearing and vestibular function. However, this overexpression can interfere with the subtype differentiation and development of hair cells, leading to impaired function.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyle M. Loh, Angela Chen, Pang Wei Koh, Tianda Z. Deng, Rahul Sinha, Jonathan M. Tsai, Amira A. Barkal, Kimberle Y. Shen, Rajan Jain, Rachel M. Morganti, Ng Shyh-Chang, Nathaniel B. Fernhoff, Benson M. George, Gerlinde Wernig, Rachel E. A. Salomon, Zhenghao Chen, Hannes Vogel, Jonathan A. Epstein, Anshul Kundaje, William S. Talbot, Philip A. Beachy, Lay Teng Ang, Irving L. Weissman
Article
Developmental Biology
Amber N. Stratman, Sofia A. Pezoa, Olivia M. Farrelly, Daniel Castranova, Louis E. Dye, Matthew G. Butler, Harwin Sidik, William S. Talbot, Brant M. Weinstein
Article
Neurosciences
Swapna Thomas-Jinu, Patricia M. Gordon, Triona Fielding, Richard Taylor, Bradley N. Smith, Victoria Snowden, Eric Blanc, Caroline Vance, Simon Topp, Chun-Hao Wong, Holger Bielen, Katherine L. Williams, Emily P. McCann, Garth A. Nicholson, Alejandro Pan-Vazquez, Archa H. Fox, Charles S. Bond, William S. Talbot, Ian P. Blair, Christopher E. Shaw, Corinne Houart
Article
Cell Biology
Ana M. Meireles, Kimberle Shen, Lida Zoupi, Harini Lyer, Ellen L. Bouchard, Anna Williams, William S. Talbot
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Lin Gan, Akiko Seki, Kimberle Shen, Harini Iyer, Kyuho Han, Arnold Hayer, Roy Wollman, Xuecai Ge, Jerry R. Lin, Gautam Dey, William S. Talbot, Tobias Meyer
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rafael G. Almeida, Jill M. Williamson, Megan E. Madden, Jason J. Early, Matthew G. Voas, William S. Talbot, Isaac H. Bianco, David A. Lyons
Summary: The research indicates that synaptic vesicle fusion plays a crucial role in the process of myelination, promoting the activity-regulated signal in neurons and consolidating sheath growth on specific axons. Axonal vesicular fusion increases significantly during myelination, impacting the formation and growth of myelin sheaths.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnel Sfeir, Gord Fishell, Alexander F. Schier, Michael L. Dustin, Wen-Biao Gan, Alexandra Joyner, Ruth Lehmann, David Ron, David Roth, William S. Talbot, Deborah Yelon, Arturo Zychlinsky
Summary: Support for basic science has been overshadowed by initiatives focusing on specific medical issues, such as the recent dismantling of the Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine. This article reflects on the accomplishments and mission of Skirball, highlighting the benefits of maintaining a vision for basic science within academia.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Daniel E. Lysko, Ana M. Meireles, Chiara Folland, Elyshia McNamara, Nigel G. Laing, Phillipa J. Lamont, Gianina Ravenscroft, William S. Talbot
Summary: Neuregulin 1 signals play a crucial role in the development and function of Schwann cells. This study identifies a rare missense variant in the NRG1 gene that is associated with peripheral neuropathy in a patient. Functional studies in zebrafish confirm the reduced function of the patient variant. This study suggests that NRG1 may be a potential candidate gene for peripheral neuropathy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariapaola Sidoli, Ling-chun Chen, Alexander J. Lu, Thomas J. Wandless, William S. Talbot
Summary: This article introduces a new cAMP sensor that allows specific and sensitive detection of cAMP in living zebrafish embryos, using ligand-dependent protein stabilization.
ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Keith C. Cheng, Rebecca D. Burdine, Mary E. Dickinson, Stephen C. Ekker, Alex Y. Lin, K. C. Kent Lloyd, Cathleen M. Lutz, Calum A. MacRae, John H. Morrison, David H. O'Connor, John H. Postlethwait, Crystal D. Rogers, Susan Sanchez, Julie H. Simpson, William S. Talbot, Douglas C. Wallace, Jill M. Weimer, Hugo J. Bellen
Summary: Model organism research is important for understanding biology and disease, as the molecular and cellular language of life is evolutionarily conserved. It is used to study gene function, develop techniques, and test drug efficacy. To maximize the value of model organisms, there is a need for improved rigor, validation, reproducibility, and translatability in research.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harini Iyer, Kimberle Shen, Ana M. Meireles, William S. Talbot
Summary: This study reveals the importance of regulating lysosomal activity in the development and function of macrophages in the brain. RagA and Folliculin are found to be crucial for the colonization of embryonic macrophages in the brain, and they repress the expression of Tfeb and its homologs Tfe3a and Tfe3b. Tfeb and Tfe3 are required for the activation of lysosomal target genes under stress conditions.
Article
Cell Biology
Daniel E. Lysko, William S. Talbot
Summary: Through studying zebrafish, it was found that nrg1 type II plays an important regulatory role in myelination of two classes of spinal cord interneurons. The unmyelinated Rohon-Beard sensory neurons express nrg1 type II proteins to regulate myelination of neighboring neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Ellen L. Bouchard, Ana M. Meireles, William S. Talbot
Summary: (English Summary:)
Myelination by oligodendrocytes is critical for the support and survival of neurons in the central nervous system. This study reveals that TFEB, a lysosomal transcription factor, regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and controls the length of myelin sheaths formed by individual cells.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.