Article
Biophysics
Shuangjuan Wang, Yang Deng, Linlin Gao, Yuhang Zhang, Xingying Shi, Xiaohua Gou
Summary: In the past few decades, the East Asian summer monsoon has weakened, leading to drought in northern China. Understanding monsoon variability is crucial for agriculture, ecology, and disaster management. Tree-ring width has been used as a proxy for monsoon history, but in the monsoon margin area, it may not accurately reflect monsoon variability. Intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) provide higher resolution information on tree growth and can be used to capture monsoon anomalies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paulina F. Puchi, Myroslava Khomik, Davide Frigo, M. Altaf Arain, Patrick Fonti, Georg von Arx, Daniele Castagneri
Summary: This study used a novel dendro-anatomical approach to investigate the relationships between climate variability, carbon uptake, and woody biomass growth in an eastern white pine plantation forest. The study found that warm temperatures in early spring and high precipitation in mid-spring and summer had a positive effect on gross primary productivity (GPP), while high temperature and high vapor pressure deficit in the summer had a negative effect. Furthermore, there were strong positive correlations between GPP and cell wall area (CWA) as well as ring wall area (RWA), indicating the close relationship between carbon assimilation and woody biomass accumulation.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Ibtissem Taghouti, Emna Ouertani, Bouali Guesmi
Summary: The production of Aleppo pine plays a significant role in supporting local livelihoods and food security in Siliana province, Tunisia. Empirical evidence suggests significant differences between alternative sources of income, which have important economic implications for the local population.
Article
Plant Sciences
Gonzalo Perez-de-Lis, Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber, Laura Fernandez-de-Una, Stephane Ponton
Summary: The study examined the spatio-temporal relationship in tree rings during cell enlargement and wall thickening processes, finding that wall thickening progresses more rapidly than enlargement. Increasing the number of sectors above a certain threshold has limited effect on time resolution, with overlapping sector formation reducing synchronicity and stability, especially in narrow rings and during wall thickening.
Article
Plant Sciences
Elise W. Miller, Tim Rademacher, Patrick Fonti, Bijan Seyednasrollah, Andrew D. Richardson
Summary: Intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) triggered by environmental cues vary radially, longitudinally, and circumferentially within white pine stems. The radial position of IADFs within a ring remains consistent across heights, trees, and years, with main factors affecting occurrence being ring width, year of formation, and their interaction. Proximity to branches or tree top slightly increases probability of IADF occurrence. Though sample size is limited for conclusive results on circumferential distribution, data suggest conservation of circumferential arc throughout xylogenesis.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Gonca Duzkale Sozbir, Ibrahim Bektas, Aysenur Kilic Ak, Saniye Erkan
Summary: Thyme oil was found to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of wood, reduce water absorption, and improve wood strength when used in the impregnation process, especially in combination with heat treatment. The impregnation process with thyme oil shows promise for the wood protection industry due to its anti-fungal and antibacterial properties, as well as its environmentally friendly nature.
Article
Forestry
Elisabet Martinez-Sancho, Emilia Gutierrez, Cristina Valeriano, Montse Ribas, Margarita I. Popkova, Vladimir V. Shishov, Isabel Dorado-Linan
Summary: Temperature and precipitation variability control the intra-annual dynamics of tree-ring formation. Scots pine growth is mainly limited by water availability, displaying a bimodal growth pattern. In contrast, pubescent oak shows a unimodal growth pattern with a significant increase in basal area, indicating better acclimation to prevailing climatic conditions.
Article
Ecology
Zhuangpeng Zheng, Feifei Zhou, Patrick Fonti, Ping Ren, Xiaoxia Li, Guofang Miao, Zhipeng Dong, Keyan Fang
Summary: Monitoring cambial activity in subtropical evergreen forests provides insights into the mechanisms behind xylem growth responses to climate change, aiding tree-ring-based climate reconstructions. Research on Cryptomeria fortunei and Cunninghamia lanceolata revealed that these subtropical conifers have longer vegetation periods compared to temperate and boreal forests, with growth patterns influenced by summer drought and yearly stress. These findings offer specific information on tree growth and the cellular-level impacts of climate in subtropical regions.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Ewa Fabisiak, Beata Fabisiak
Summary: The study found a relationship between the tracheid length, the width of annual rings, and the wood density of Scots pine, with tree position in the stand significantly impacting these properties. Tracheid length decreased as annual ring width increased within a biosocial class, and improved biosocial position led to longer tracheids and lower wood density. Increment in tracheid length was greatest in wood of dominant trees and lowest in wood of suppressed trees within the same density range.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yumiko Watanabe, Yoshito Katayama, Zhen Li, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Suyako Tazuru
Summary: Tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopic ratios have been studied as a proxy for hydrological changes in monsoonal Asia. This study presents new intra-annual cellulose oxygen isotopic records of Japanese cedar trees from 1918 to 2017, validating its use as a hydrological proxy through comparison with meteorological data. The findings show significant negative correlations between intra-annual isotopic ratios and summer precipitation/relative humidity, similar to earlier studies using annual-resolution data. Moreover, the study suggests that subdividing the annual ring could contribute to reconstructing higher-resolution hydroclimate.
GEOSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Jiani Gao, Bao Yang, Xiaomei Peng, Sergio Rossi
Summary: Summer drought inhibits cambial division and reduces xylogenesis, while abundant precipitation in mid-July reactivates radial growth, extending the growing season by one month and partly compensating for the negative effects of the drought.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanyan Jiang, Xiongqing Zhang, Sophan Chhin, Jianguo Zhang
Summary: The study revealed that age plays a significant role in regulating wood cell development in trees. Younger trees have a longer duration and produce more cells in wood cell development, while older trees reach their peak growth rate earlier than younger trees. The number of cells in wood cell formation is mainly influenced by the rate rather than the duration of wood cell formation.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaojin Bing, Keyan Fang, Xiaoying Gong, Wenzhi Wang, Chenxi Xu, Maihe Li, Chaoyue Ruan, Weiting Ma, Yingjun Li, Feifei Zhou
Summary: This study shows that the commonly used iWUE method overestimates the water use efficiency of plants and that the iWUE value of trees in drought-stressed forests in southeast China significantly decreases in summer-autumn time.
Article
Cultural Studies
Daniel M. Dooghan
Summary: Dark Souls, with its extreme difficulty, has become a unique and influential game in an era of accessible gaming. This research argues that the game's aesthetics constitute an economic fantasy, where the difficulty can be overcome through hard work, providing a level playing field and quantitative progress. Dark Souls offers a fantastic economic simulation that both legitimizes and invites players to content themselves with loyal employee labor rather than seeking power as owners.
Article
Agronomy
Tobias Walter Miller, Dominik Florian Stangler, Elena Larysch, Harald Honer, Thomas Seifert, Heike Puhlmann, Georg von Arx, Patrick Fonti, Marina V. Fonti, Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber, Hans-Peter Kahle
Summary: Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on European forests. This study compares the intra-annual growth dynamics of Douglas fir, silver fir, and Norway spruce in changing climate conditions. The results show that Douglas fir has higher cell production rates and a longer wood formation season, making it a potential alternative to the climate-change-endangered Norway spruce.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Antonio Gazol, J. Julio Camarero, Raul Sanchez-Salguero, Miguel A. Zavala, Xavier Serra-Maluquer, Emilia Gutierrez, Martin de Luis, Gabriel Sanguesa-Barreda, Klemen Novak, Vicente Rozas, Pedro A. Tiscar, Juan C. Linares, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Montse Ribas, Ignacio Garcia-Gonzalez, Fernando Silla, Alvaro Camison, Mar Genova, Jose M. Olano, Ana-Maria Heres, Jorge Curiel Yuste, Luis A. Longares, Andrea Hevia, J. Diego Galvan, Paloma Ruiz-Benito
Summary: Tree-ring data has been used to study individual tree growth responses to drought, but less is known about how it affects forest dynamics. In this study, tree-ring growth chronologies and stand-level forest changes were compared to test if tree-ring responses to drought match stand forest dynamics. The results show that forest with greater drought impacts on tree growth exhibited reduced stand basal area growth and increased mortality. Gymnosperm forests were more sensitive to drought compared to angiosperm forests. This study suggests that tree growth sensitivity to drought can be used as a predictor of forest vulnerability at a regional scale.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Luka Krajnc, Peter Prislan, Gregor Bozic, Marjana Westergren, Domen Arnic, Csaba Matyas, Jozica Gricar, Hojka Kraigher
Summary: Provenance trials of European beech were conducted in various environments, showing differences in radial growth and wood density among different provenances. Some provenances exhibited faster growth in favorable weather conditions, while overall differences in wood density were found to be relatively small. The Idrija provenance from Slovenia likely has higher wood density compared to other studied provenances.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Jozica Gricar, Peter Prislan
Summary: Quantitative phloem anatomy is important in dendroecological studies. Phloem traits can indicate tree performance in different environments. Seasonal variations affect phloem width and structure, and sampling time is crucial.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shan Li, Xin Li, Yafang Yin, Xiaomei Jiang, Jingming Zheng, Li Wang, Zhicheng Chen, Peter Prislan
Summary: The study found that phloem sieve cells of G. biloba undergo obvious seasonal structural changes depending on their ages, in accordance with their seasonal conducting functions in these deciduous trees. Youngest phloem parenchyma cells also showed seasonal structural variation with regards to cytoplasm density and frequency of lipid droplets.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isabel Dorado-Linan, Blanca Ayarzaguena, Flurin Babst, Guobao Xu, Luis Gil, Giovanna Battipaglia, Allan Buras, Vojtech Cada, J. Julio Camarero, Liam Cavin, Hugues Claessens, Igor Drobyshev, Balazs Garamszegi, Michael Grabner, Andrew Hacket-Pain, Claudia Hartl, Andrea Hevia, Pavel Janda, Alistair S. Jump, Marko Kazimirovic, Srdjan Keren, Juergen Kreyling, Alexander Land, Nicolas Latte, Tom Levanic, Ernst van der Maaten, Marieke Van der Maaten-Theunissen, Elisabet Martinez-Sancho, Annette Menzel, Martin Mikolas, Renzo Motta, Lena Muffler, Paola Nola, Momchil Panayotov, Any Mary Petritan, Ion Catalin Petritan, Ionel Popa, Peter Prislan, Catalin-Constantin Roibu, Milos Rydval, Raul Sanchez-Salguero, Tobias Scharnweber, Branko Stajic, Miroslav Svoboda, Willy Tegel, Marius Teodosiu, Elvin Toromani, Volodymyr Trotsiuk, Daniel-Ond Turcu, Robert Weigel, Martin Wilmking, Christian Zang, Tzvetan Zlatanov, Valerie Trouet
Summary: The study reveals that extreme changes in the summer jet stream position in Europe create a dipole in beech forest productivity between northwestern and southeastern Europe, resulting in regional anomalies in forest carbon uptake and growth.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Maria Royo-Navascues, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Ernesto Tejedor, Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, Luis Alberto Longares, Miguel Angel Saz, Klemen Novak, Martin de Luis
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of drought on tree growth in the Mediterranean Basin. The results showed that different pine species had varying responses to drought intensity, duration, and seasonality. Understanding these responses is crucial, especially as droughts are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tanja Mrak, Benjamin Grasic, Peter Prislan, Jozica Gricar, Ziga Laznik, Grega E. Voglar
Summary: The study investigated the effects of soil contamination and root herbivory on root surface area and stem anatomical properties in young common beech plants. The results showed that soil contamination significantly reduced root surface area, mean ring width, vessel radial diameter, and potential stem conductivity. However, it increased vessel density, vessel grouping index, and mean group size of grouped cells. Late exposure to root herbivory did not induce significant changes in root surface area or stem anatomy.
ACTA PHYSIOLOGIAE PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jian-Guo Huang, Yaling Zhang, Minhuang Wang, Xiaohan Yu, Annie Deslauriers, Patrick Fonti, Eryuan Liang, Harri Makinen, Walter Oberhuber, Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber, Roberto Tognetti, Vaclav Treml, Bao Yang, Lihong Zhai, Jiao-Lin Zhang, Serena Antonucci, Yves Bergeron, Jesus Julio Camarero, Filipe Campelo, Katarina Cufar, Henri E. Cuny, Martin De Luis, Marek Fajstavr, Alessio Giovannelli, Jozica Gricar, Andreas Gruber, Vladimir Gryc, Aylin Gueney, Tuula Jyske, Jakub Kaspar, Gregory King, Cornelia Krause, Audrey Lemay, Feng Liu, Fabio Lombardi, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Hubert Morin, Cristina Nabais, Pekka Nojd, Richard L. Peters, Peter Prislan, Antonio Saracino, Vladimir V. Shishov, Irene Swidrak, Hanus Vavrcik, Joana Vieira, Qiao Zeng, Yu Liu, Sergio Rossi
Summary: Despite ongoing debates, evidence suggests the existence of a threshold temperature for forests' response to rising temperatures, separating conifers into cold and warm thermal niches. This study collected data on xylem cell-wall-thickening onset dates in 20 coniferous species across the Northern Hemisphere and identified a threshold temperature of 4.9 +/- 1.1 degrees C, above which the response of xylem phenology to temperature decline significantly. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating this thermal threshold into Earth-System-Models to better understand and predict spring phenology in response to global warming.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Welmoed A. Out, Kirsti Hanninen, Maks Merela, Anton Veluscek, Caroline Vermeeren, Katarina Cufar
Summary: This study examines the use of woodland resources in the wetland basin of Ljubljansko barje, Slovenia, from 3700-2400 BCE, using age/diameter analysis of waterlogged wood from Eneolithic pile dwellings. The results indicate selective use of oak and ash, but no clear evidence of woodland management practices. The findings contribute to the ongoing discussions about woodland management in Europe.
Article
Agronomy
Lea Veuillen, Bernard Prevosto, Raquel Alfaro-Sanchez, Vincent Badeau, Giovanna Battipaglia, Santiago Begueria, Felipe Bravo, Thomas Boivin, J. Julio Camarero, Katarina Cufar, Hendrik Davi, Martin De Luis, Antonio Del Campo, Miren Del Rio, Alfredo Di Filippo, Michael Dorman, Marion Durand-Gillmann, Juan Pedro Ferrio, Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo, Maria Gonzalez-Sanchis, Elena Granda, Frederic Guibal, Emilia Gutierrez, Manon Helluy, Ali El Khorchani, Tamir Klein, Joseph Levillain, Juan Carlos Linares, Angela Manrique-Alba, Jordi Martinez Vilalta, Antonio J. Molina, Cristina Moreno-Gutierrez, Antoine Nicault, Jorge Olivar, Andreas Papadopoulos, Avi Perevolotsky, Cyrille Rathgeber, Montse Ribas, Francesco Ripullone, Irene Ruano, Francois-Xavier Saintonge, Raul Sanchez-Salguero, Dimitrios Sarris, Xavier Serra-Maluquer, Tal Svoray, Clara Tallieu, Teresa Valor, Michel Vennetier, Jordi Voltas, Maxime Cailleret
Summary: Severe droughts have a significant impact on tree growth and forest productivity globally, and this impact is expected to worsen in the coming decades. However, the specific effects of drought intensity and climatic conditions in countries across the Mediterranean basin are still uncertain.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Skrk Dolar, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, Martin de Luis Arrillaga, Klemen Novak, Maks Merela, Katarina Cufar
Summary: The declining growth trends of European beech in Slovenia pose a major challenge due to its ecological and economic importance. This study examined the effects of climate change on beech forests in Slovenia and found that average growth decline occurred between different time periods, with warm marginal areas being more affected and cold marginal areas showing increased growth potential. These findings highlight the importance of considering the variability of climate and geographical factors when assessing the impact of climate change on beech populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. Battipaglia, J. P. Kabala, A. Pacheco-Solana, F. Niccoli, A. Braeuning, F. Campelo, K. Cufar, M. de Luis, V. De Micco, M. Klisz, M. Koprowski, I. Garcia-Gonzalez, C. Nabais, J. Vieira, P. Wrzesinski, N. Zafirov, P. Cherubini
Summary: By analyzing a large tree-ring database of 11 species from 89 sites across eight European countries, it was found that climate variations drive the formation of Intra-Annual Density Fluctuations (IADFs). The study suggests that the occurrence of IADFs is nonlinearly related to ring width in gymnosperms and angiosperms, and decreases with altitude and age. Additionally, higher temperatures and precipitation play significant roles in the formation of IADFs, particularly in species with drought tolerance capability and bimodal growth patterns.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Angel Gonzalez-Zamora, Laura Almendra-Martin, Martin de Luis, Jaime Gaona, Jose Martinez-Fernandez
Summary: This study examines the relationship between soil moisture and the growth of four main pine species in the Iberian Peninsula, as well as their response to soil drought. The study also evaluates the role of climatic and geographic factors in the resilience of these species to drought events. The results show that species with lower dependence on soil moisture perform better during droughts, while those with higher dependence show greater adaptability. Climatic and geographic factors have a stronger influence on species' resilience to soil drought at higher altitudes.