Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Fang, Gaozhe Xiao, Taixia Wang, Li Song, Bo Peng, Bin Xu, Kun Zhang
Summary: This review provides a detailed overview of oncolytic viruses (OVs) as a promising antitumor method in tumor immunotherapy, focusing on their mechanisms, current research, clinical applications, and future perspectives. OVs have the potential to directly kill tumor cells and activate the immune system for enhanced antitumor responses. The review also highlights the challenges and opportunities in the clinical translation of OVs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shyambabu Chaurasiya, Yuman Fong, Susanne G. Warner
Summary: Oncolytic viruses are a new class of therapeutics that have shown promise in clinical trials, although their anti-tumor efficacy as monotherapy is modest. Most oncolytic viruses are well tolerated, even in immune-suppressed patients, at the currently defined highest feasible doses. Enhancing the potency of oncolytic viruses is necessary for more viruses to be used effectively in clinical settings, thus they are being studied in combination with other therapies for higher therapeutic benefits.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nozomi Kurisu, Tadataka Kaminade, Maho Eguchi, Ikuho Ishigami, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi, Fuminori Sakurai
Summary: This study demonstrated that oncolytic reovirus exhibited cytotoxicity against mouse primary CAFs isolated from subcutaneous tumors, but not against tail-tip fibroblasts. Infection with reovirus resulted in activation of caspase 3 and up-regulation of apoptosis-related gene expression in mouse primary CAFs, indicating that reovirus induced apoptosis of CAFs. Intratumoral administration of reovirus induced apoptosis of mouse CAFs in tumor, suggesting that reovirus has the potential to mediate antitumor effects by killing not only cancer cells but also CAFs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jeeshan Jiffry, Thongthai Thavornwatanayong, Devika Rao, Elisha J. Fogel, Durvanand Saytoo, Rishika Nahata, Hillary Guzik, Imran Chaudhary, Titto Augustine, Sanjay Goel, Radhashree Maitra
Summary: The study revealed that Pelareorep can enhance its propagation and oncolytic effect in colorectal cancer cells by regulating autophagy-related genes and proteins.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Naomi Sugimura, Eiji Kubota, Yoshinori Mori, Mineyoshi Aoyama, Mamoru Tanaka, Takaya Shimura, Satoshi Tanida, Randal N. N. Johnston, Hiromi Kataoka
Summary: The oncolytic virus, reovirus, inhibits interferon production to evade antiviral immunity, which hinders antitumor immune responses. However, combining reovirus with a STING agonist enhances anticancer immunity by promoting cytotoxic T cell infiltration into tumors, resulting in significant tumor regression and improved survival.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Majid S. Jabir, Ahmed M. Al-Shammari, Zainab O. Ali, Salim Albukhaty, Ghassan M. Sulaiman, Sabrean F. Jawad, Sawsan S. Hamzah, Asad Syed, Abdallah M. Elgorban, Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy, Nouf S. S. Zaghloul, Ali G. Al-Dulimi, Mazin A. A. Najm
Summary: Combining viruses and nanoparticles can effectively treat breast cancer by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Devalingam Mahalingam, Siqi Chen, Ping Xie, Houra Loghmani, Thomas Heineman, Aparna Kalyan, Sheetal Kircher, Irene B. Helenowski, Xinlei Mi, Victoria Maurer, Matt Coffey, Mary Mulcahy, Al- Benson, Bin Zhang
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy of pelareorep and pembrolizumab in treating PDAC patients by inducing anti-tumour immunological changes. The initial results show that some patients experienced clinical benefit and there were observed changes in immunological and metabolic biomarkers.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Danahe Mohammed, Melanie Koehler, Andra C. Dumitru, Pavithra Aravamudhan, Danica M. Sutherland, Terence S. Dermody, David Alsteens
Summary: Breast cancer remains a major health issue for women, with aggressive invasive types posing a challenge to current therapies. Research shows that the overexpression of alpha-sialylated glycans in breast cancer cells presents an opportunity for combatting cancer cells with oncolytic reoviruses, offering new perspectives in oncolytic cancer therapy.
Article
Virology
Yuanyuan An, Xianyao Wang, Xuxian Wu, Liang Chen, Yichen Yang, Xiaojin Lin, Nianxue Wang, Jiangyao Duan, Shiqi Long, Xing Zhao
Summary: Research demonstrates that reovirus dsRNA induces apoptosis of reovirus-resistant tumor cells through the TLR3 signaling pathway.
Article
Immunology
Lixiao Liu, Luya Cai, Xuedan Du, Jinduo Zhao, Ye Zhao, Chengyang Zou, Shanshan Yu, Chunhong Zhang, Piaopiao Ye, Xiaoping Su, Xiaojian Yan, Wenfeng Li
Summary: The combination of CPG + OX40 with anti-angiogenic therapy shows promising anti-tumor effects for advanced cervical cancer, inhibiting tumor growth significantly and extending the survival time of patients.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenjie Li, Yiquan Li, Yingli Cui, Shanzhi Li, Yilong Zhu, Chao Shang, Gaojie Song, Zirui Liu, Zhiru Xiu, Jianan Cong, Tingyu Li, Xiao Li, Lili Sun, Ningyi Jin
Summary: The study found that the recombinant adenovirus Ad-VT significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7-CSC cells and induced apoptosis, demonstrating a strong inhibitory effect in mice and providing a new theoretical basis for the future treatment of breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. G. Roy, K. Geoffroy, M. Marguerie, S. T. Khan, N. T. Martin, J. Kmiecik, D. Bobbala, A. S. Aitken, C. T. de Souza, K. B. Stephenson, B. D. Lichty, R. C. Auer, D. F. Stojdl, J. C. Bell, M-C Bourgeois-Daigneault
Summary: Vaccination with oncolytic viruses co-administered with tumour antigenic peptides is as efficient as antigen-engineered oncolytic viruses, providing a potential alternative for personalized anti-cancer vaccines targeting patient-specific mutations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Darshini Kuruppu, Deepak Bhere, Christian T. Farrar, Khalid Shah, Anna-Liisa Brownell, Umar Mahmood Umar Mahmood, Kenneth K. Tanabe
Summary: This study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) on different stages of breast cancer leptomeningeal metastases growth. The results show that targeting the lag and intermediate phases of the disease can inhibit tumor growth, delay symptoms onset, and extend survival.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yi Ren, Jia-Meng Miao, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Zheng Fan, Xian-Bin Kong, Long Yang, Gong Cheng
Summary: Immunotherapy is promising in oncology, immune checkpoint inhibitors alone may not be effective for pMMR/MSS/MSI-L mCRC, the combination with oncolytic viruses shows exciting results in treating tumors by modulating the tumor microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Georgia Stewart, Andrew Chantry, Michelle Lawson
Summary: Multiple myeloma is an incurable blood cancer characterized by the growth of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Current therapies can debulk tumor burden initially, but relapse is common due to minimal residual disease and drug resistance, highlighting the need for novel treatment approaches such as oncolytic virus therapies.
Review
Oncology
Akshat Malik, John C. Hardman, Yadsan Devabalan, Christopher Nutting, Shreerang Bhide, Kevin Harrington, Clare Schilling, Vinidh Paleri
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate occult contralateral nodal metastases (OCM) in patients undergoing bilateral neck dissection for surgically treated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The study found that OCM were seen in 9.8% of patients, with a higher rate in cN positive necks compared to cN0 necks. This highlights the importance of considering contralateral neck involvement in the surgical treatment of OPSCC.
Article
Oncology
Kevin J. Harrington, Barbara Burtness, Richard Greil, Denis Soulieres, Makoto Tahara, Gilberto de Castro Jr, Amanda Psyrri, Irene Brana, Neus Baste, Prakash Neupane, Ase Bratland, Thorsten Fuereder, Brett G. M. Hughes, Ricard Mesia, Nuttapong Ngamphaiboon, Tamara Rordorf, Wan Zamaniah Wan Ishak, Jianxin Lin, Burak Gumuscu, Ramona F. Swaby, Danny Rischin
Summary: The study presents a post hoc analysis of the long-term efficacy and progression-free survival in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab-chemotherapy as next-line therapy. The results demonstrate favorable clinical efficacy and progression-free survival with pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab-chemotherapy in patients with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) >= 20, CPS >= 1, and total populations. Subsequent treatments after pembrolizumab-based therapy also showed good efficacy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Robert I. Haddad, Kevin Harrington, Makoto Tahara, Robert L. Ferris, Maura Gillison, Jerome Fayette, Amaury Daste, Piotr Koralewski, Bogdan Zurawski, Miren Taberna, Nabil F. Saba, Milena Mak, Andrzej Kawecki, Gustavo Girotto, Miguel Angel Alvarez Avitia, Caroline Even, Joaquin Gabriel Reinoso Toledo, Alexander Guminski, Urs Muller-Richter, Naomi Kiyota, Mustimbo Roberts, Tariq Aziz Khan, Karen Miller-Moslin, Li Wei, Athanassios Argiris
Summary: In patients with recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN), first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab did not show a significant difference in overall survival compared to the standard treatment. However, there may be some advantages in certain populations, and it has a better safety profile.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Charles M. Rudin, Hardev S. Pandha, Matthew Zibelman, Wallace L. Akerley, Kevin J. Harrington, Daphne Day, Andrew G. Hill, Steven J. O'Day, Timothy D. Clay, Gavin M. Wright, Ross R. Jennens, David E. Gerber, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, Christy Ralph, David C. Campbell, Brendan D. Curti, Jaime R. Merchan, Yixin Ren, Emmett Schmidt, Lisa Guttman, Sumati Gupta
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of V937 combined with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. The results showed that the combination therapy had a manageable safety profile, but did not achieve greater efficacy than pembrolizumab monotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer and urothelial cancer.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fabiana Gregucci, Sheila Spada, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff, Nina Bhardwaj, Charleen Chan Wah Hak, Alba Fiorentino, Chandan Guha, Monica L. Guzman, Kevin Harrington, Fernanda G. Herrera, Jamie Honeychurch, Theodore Hong, Lorea Iturri, Elisabeth Jaffee, Sana D. Karam, Simon R. V. Knott, Constantinos Koumenis, David Lyden, Ariel E. Marciscano, Alan Melcher, Michele Mondini, Anna Mondino, Zachary S. Morris, Sean Pitroda, Sergio A. Quezada, Laura Santambrogio, Stephen Shiao, John Stagg, Irma Telarovic, Robert Timmerman, Marie-Catherine Vozenin, Ralph Weichselbaum, James Welsh, Anna Wilkins, Chris Xu, Roberta Zappasodi, Weiping Zou, Alexandre Bobard, Sandra Demaria, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Eric Deutsch, Silvia C. Formenti
Summary: Focal radiation therapy has potential as a partner for immunotherapy, but there is a need for a better understanding of their interaction. The ImmunoRad conference provides a platform for experts to share knowledge and promote progress in the field. This article summarizes the key concepts and findings presented at the Sixth Annual ImmunoRad conference.
Article
Oncology
Kevin J. Harrington, Robert L. Ferris, Maura Gillison, Makoto Tahara, Athanasios Argiris, Jerome Fayette, Michael Schenker, Ase Bratland, John W. T. Walker, Peter Grell, Caroline Even, Christine H. Chung, Rebecca Redman, Alexandre Coutte, Sebastien Salas, Cliona Grant, Sergio de Azevedo, Denis Soulieres, Aaron R. Hansen, Li Wei, Tariq Aziz Khan, Karen Miller-Moslin, Mustimbo Roberts, Robert Haddad
Summary: The clinical benefit of first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab was evaluated in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M SCCHN). The study found that nivolumab plus ipilimumab did not improve clinical outcomes compared to nivolumab alone in these patients. Further research is needed to identify subpopulations of R/M SCCHN patients who would benefit from nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy.
Article
Oncology
Susan Lalondrelle, Jen Lee, Rosalind J. Cutts, Isaac Garcia Murillas, Nik Matthews, Nicholas Turner, Kevin Harrington, Katherine Vroobel, Emily Moretti, Shreerang A. Bhide
Summary: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and there is currently no reliable method to predict early relapse. We have developed a blood test that can accurately detect HPV-DNA fragments in the blood, which can be used to assess treatment response and monitor relapse.
Article
Oncology
P. Martin, Z. Tsourti, J. Ribeiro, L. Castelo-Branco, E. de Azambuja, S. Gennatas, J. Rogado, M. Sekacheva, S. Susnjal, D. Vinal, R. Lee, S. Khallaf, G. Dimopoulou, S. Pradervand, J. Whisenant, T. K. Choueiri, D. Arnold, K. Harrington, K. Punie, J. Oliveira, O. Michielin, U. Dafni, S. Peters, G. Pentheroudakis, E. Romano
Summary: This paragraph summarizes the results of a study analyzing COVID-19 patients, which found that factors such as symptomatic patients, males, older age, ethnicity other than Asian/Caucasian, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status >2, body mass index <25, hematological malignancy, progressive disease versus no evident disease, and advanced cancer stage significantly affect COVID-19 outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Karan Patel, Massimiliano Manzo, Brindley Hapuarachi, Samuel Rack, Philip Jermann, Laura Feeney, Emily Heathcote, Guy Betts, Jon C. Aster, Maximilien Murone, Maria Bobadilla, Rajwinder Lehal, Florian D. Vogl, Kevin Harrington, Robert Metcalf
Review
Oncology
Rita Simoes, Yolanda Augustin, Sarah Gulliford, Hakim-Moulay Dehbi, Peter Hoskin, Elizabeth Miles, Kevin Harrington, Aisha B. Miah
Summary: This systematic review summarizes the incidence of acute and late toxicities in soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities (STSE) patients undergoing radiotherapy. It also discusses the limitations in guidance on normal tissue and dose-volume parameters for optimizing radiotherapy plans in STSE.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Nikhil Manish Patel, Georgios Geropoulos, Pranav Harshad Patel, Ricky Harminder Bhogal, Kevin Joseph Harrington, Aran Singanayagam, Sacheen Kumar
Summary: Diagnosis of oesophago-gastric cancer is challenging, but non-invasive risk stratification can identify susceptible patients with pre-malignant or benign diseases. Early oesophago-gastric cancer can be treated sooner following diagnostic confirmation through endoscopic biopsy. Mucins, transmembrane glycoproteins implicated in oesophago-gastric cancer, have the potential to be used as biomarkers for malignant transformation. This systematic review examines the role of mucins in the diagnosis of oesophago-gastric cancer.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Georgia M. Beasley, Ari M. VanderWalde, Tawnya L. Bowles, Joseph J. Sacco, Jiaxin Niu, Katy K. Tsai, Jason A. Chesney, Bartosz Chmielowski, Adel Samson, Terence Duane Rhodes, Gino K. In, Anna C. Pavlick, Trisha M. Wise-Draper, Miguel F. Sanmamed, Jeannie Hou, Mark R. Middleton, Kevin Harrington, Celeste Lebbe, Judith Michels, Mohammed M. Milhem
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Ashwin Algudkar, Kevin Harrington, Cyrus Kerawala, Izhar Bagwan, Derfel Ap Dafydd
Summary: This study summarizes the imaging recommendations and characteristics of head and neck mucosal melanoma (HNMM), and provides revised guidelines to guide the investigation and management of this rare and aggressive cancer.
ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY-HEIDELBERG
(2023)
Article
Oncology
K. J. Harrington, E. E. W. Cohen, D. Soulieres, J. Dinis, L. Licitra, M. -j. Ahn, A. Soria, J. -p. Machiels, N. Mach, R. Mehra, B. Burtness, R. F. Swaby, J. Lin, J. Ge, N. Lerman, C. Le Tourneau
Summary: Through a study on patients with HNSCC, it was found that pembrolizumab provided longer overall survival and durable responses in all subgroups of recurrence patterns, regardless of previous treatment.