Article
Engineering, Marine
Shangpeng Gong, Jie Chen, Changbo Jiang, Sudong Xu, Fei He, Zhiyuan Wu
Summary: This study analyzed the attenuation of extreme waves by coastal emergent vegetation and established prediction formulas for wave attenuation. Genetic programming was found to provide a more efficient and accurate prediction method for sensitivity analysis, offering guidelines for vegetation planting and scientific basis for vegetation revetment engineering.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Emerson F. Felix, Rogerio Carrazedo, Edna Possan
Summary: The control and prediction of carbonation depth in reinforced concrete structures is crucial for the construction industry, as it directly affects the service life and durability of the structures. An Artificial Neural Network with backpropagation algorithm was used to predict carbonation depth in concretes containing fly ash addition, with 90 different network topologies implemented. The parametric study revealed that cement consumption, fly ash content, CO2 rate, and relative humidity were the parameters most influencing carbonation depth in fly ash-concretes. The optimized model can estimate the lifespan of concrete structures and serve as a simulation tool for engineering projects focusing on durability.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tien-Thinh Le, Panagiotis G. Asteris, Minas E. Lemonis
Summary: This study aims to develop a novel equation for predicting the axial load of rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular columns using soft computing techniques. An artificial neural network model was developed and optimized based on a dataset of 880 experimental tests. The performance of the developed model was found to be superior to current codes and existing empirical equations. Additionally, an Excel-based GUI was provided for practical application in designing and teaching the axial behavior of CFST columns.
ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
N. Giulietti, P. Chiariotti, G. Cosoli, A. Mobili, G. Pandarese, F. Tittarelli, G. M. Revel
Summary: This paper discusses an automated measurement system for detecting carbonation depth in concrete sprayed with phenolphthalein. The results show a strong correlation between the proposed method and the standard method, with a small expanded uncertainty. ANOVA analysis reveals that the measurement system is the main source of uncertainty, but is robust to changes in the operator.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mostafa Amiri, Farzad Hatami
Summary: This research aims to create an artificial neural networks model to forecast the mechanical and durability properties of waste included concrete and evaluates the effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and recycled concrete aggregate on concrete's mechanical characteristics and long-term durability. The findings suggest that the presence of recycled aggregate deteriorates the mechanical characteristics of concrete, but slag can mitigate these detrimental effects. Additionally, the use of recycled aggregate increases the chloride ion migration rate in concrete, while slag enhances hydration products and reduces this adverse impact.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Omer Boyukdipi, Gokhan Tuccar, Hakan Serhad Soyhan
Summary: The experimental study investigated the effects of NH3 as a fuel additive on engine vibration parameters, revealing that increasing levels of NH3 additive led to increased engine vibration and had a negative impact on engine vibration when blended with sunflower biodiesel. High accuracy rates were achieved in predicting vibration data through artificial neural networks models.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hatem Alhazmi, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Muhammad Aamir Basheer
Summary: This study introduces the concept of circular economy and waste management to develop concrete for rigid pavement structures, aiming to reduce material consumption and improve environmental friendliness. Results show that rice husk ash and wood sawdust are good replacements for sand at 5% replacement in terms of compressive, tensile, and flexural strength properties. Ultimately, this study contributes to the production of eco-friendly rigid pavement structures and provides a pathway for future life cycle assessment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shanqing Shao, Ran Wang, Aimin Gong, Ruijun Li, Jing Xu, Fulai Wang, Feipeng Liu
Summary: In this study, the law of basalt fibre in enhancing concrete durability was investigated. Basalt fibre length was selected as the main factor, and neural networks and other novel research methods were used to study concrete resistance to different types of salt erosion. The tests showed that mineral admixtures and basalt fibres extended the time of concrete erosion by salt solutions. The age of maintenance had a small impact on concrete mechanical and durability properties. Increasing the length of basalt fibres improved the mechanical properties of concrete but weakened its durability. The mixing of fibres exacerbated this effect. The prediction and categorisation results using artificial neural network models and grey cluster analysis were accurate and reliable, providing valuable reference for future studies.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ligang Peng, Peiliang Shen, Chi-Sun Poon, Yuxi Zhao, Fazhou Wang
Summary: A novel carbon capture (CC) coating using CO2-activated dicalcium silicate was developed to enhance concrete structure durability and sequester CO2. The CC coating achieved a high carbonation degree of 23.3% after 30-min carbonation, resulting in a gradient structure with homogeneous carbonation products and densified microstructure. The 200 μm thick CC coating significantly improved concrete durability (reduced capillary water absorption by 20.5% after 30-min carbonation) and exhibited satisfactory bonding strength (2.74 MPa after 30-min carbonation), offering promising applications in extending service life of concrete structures and reducing carbon emissions.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qun Guo, Lexin Jiang, Jianmin Wang, Junzhe Liu
Summary: This paper studies the effect of cracks on the carbonation depth of cement paste and clarifies the carbonation mechanism of cement paste with cracks. The results show that the water-binder ratio and crack width have a significant influence on the carbonation process, and carbonation affects the hydration of cement-based materials.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andre Valente Monteiro, Arlindo Goncalves
Summary: This article presents a probabilistic methodology based on a frequentist approach for assessing the limit state of depassivation of concrete structures. It introduces the concept of passivation curve, providing a valuable tool for decision-making in the life-cycle management of concrete structures. The article also discusses the experimental and code requirements for condition assessment and the physical interpretation of passivation probability.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
M. A. Maia, I. B. C. M. Rocha, P. Kerfriden, F. P. van der Meer
Summary: Driven by the need for faster numerical simulations, the use of machine learning techniques is rapidly growing in computational solid mechanics, especially in concurrent multiscale finite element analysis. Surrogate models are being used to approximate microscopic behavior and accelerate simulations, but challenges related to their data-driven nature compromise their reliability. This study introduces a neural network that incorporates classical constitutive models to introduce non-linearity and address these challenges. The network demonstrates the ability to predict unloading/reloading behavior without prior training, unlike popular data-hungry models such as RNNs.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jessica C. Forsdyke, Janet M. Lees
Summary: Carbonation is a crucial factor in the deterioration of reinforced concrete structures. Designing concrete to resist carbonation often involves laboratory tests on specimens that may already exhibit initial carbonation. Accurate interpretation of these test results is vital for predicting the performance of concrete structures in real-world conditions.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hasan Turker, Bekir Aksoy, Koray Ozsoy
Summary: This study investigated the production of dental guides using additive manufacturing stereo lithography (SLA) technology and utilized artificial intelligence to analyze the dimensional aperture values. The results showed that the SLA-produced dental guides were compatible with the mandible bone, and the most suitable guide design was determined. Through the use of artificial neural network models, an accuracy rate of 99% was achieved.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mahesh Shelke, S. N. Londhe, P. R. Dixit, Pravin Kolhe
Summary: This study compared the performance of a conceptual semi distributed HEC-HMS model and an ANN-based model in predicting reservoir inflow in the Koyna reservoir catchment area. The results showed that the semi distributed HEC-HMS model performed slightly better than the ANN model. This research is significant for the planning of reservoir operations in the Koyna reservoir catchment area.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mehdi Yousefi, Vajihe Khalili, Nima Gharaei-Moghaddam, Jorge de Brito
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of coconut palm leaf ash (CPLA) on polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete (PP-FRC). CPLA can increase the compressive strength of PP-FRC in certain ratios and significantly reduce the permeability of concrete. However, it is not recommended as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in cases where the tensile strength of the concrete structure is important.
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ana Ferreira, Manuel Duarte Pinheiro, Jorge de Brito, Ricardo Mateus, Vitor Sousa
Summary: This study provides water intensity indicators for retail buildings and finds that variables such as number of workers, store size, location, and sales revenue have a statistical influence on water intensity indicators.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sara Dias, Antonio Tadeu, Joao Almeida, Julieta Antonio, Jorge de Brito
Summary: The present study investigates the steel-concrete bond of concrete mixes containing wood waste to promote their wider application in structural designs. Preliminary tests were conducted, and two mixes were selected which partially replaced aggregate with wood chip and sawdust. The steel-concrete bond length and reinforcement diameter were evaluated to assess the shear strength of steel bars and two-wire strands. The incorporation of wood increases the friction component, leading to better mechanical interaction. The bond resistance of the wood-concrete composites is significantly higher than the reference, and the creep effect is not enhanced by the presence of wood.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Qifan Ren, Joao Pacheco, Jorge de Brito
Summary: This paper proposes a novel generation and separation method based on analytical techniques to obtain geometric models of realistic mesostructures of concrete with random aggregate placement and wall effects. Demonstrative applications show that the proposed method produces computationally efficient and representative geometric models.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lucas Sequeira, Blas Cantero, Miguel Bravo, Jorge de Brito, Cesar Medina
Summary: In the construction industry, cement is the most widely used material. To improve sustainability, it is important to find more sustainable alternatives for cement. This study analyzes the mechanical properties of mortars containing recycled cement, fly ash, and magnesium oxide. The results show that ternary mortars with these materials have improved mechanical capacity compared to binary mortars.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tian Li, Rita Nogueira, Jorge de Brito, Jiaping Liu
Summary: The aim of this study is to clarify the influence mechanisms of the content and properties of fine aggregates on the plastic viscosity of mortar. Experimental results confirmed that different content, grading, and morphology of fine aggregates indeed cause significant differences in the plastic viscosity of mortar. Based on the basic mechanical behavior of mortar flow, the authors deduced that the plastic viscosity is determined by the hydrodynamic interaction between fine aggregate particles and cement paste, as well as the contact interaction between the various fine aggregate particles. A semiquantitative model was developed to predict the plastic viscosity of mortar by combining the contributions of hydrodynamic and contact interactions.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ana Ferreira, Manuel Duarte Pinheiro, Jorge de Brito, Ricardo Mateus
Summary: Retail stores have a high consumption of natural resources, and integrating sustainability principles within a life cycle perspective is crucial. This study compares the applicability of Building Sustainability Assessment (BSA) methods to retail buildings, with a focus on LEED, BREEAM, and DGNB. The results show that DGNB is the most suitable method for retail buildings, providing performance metrics for operational costs and energy demand.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andre Petersen, Ana Silva, Marco Gonzalez
Summary: This research evaluates the impact of maintenance actions on painted renderings and finds that maintenance actions can extend the service life of the coatings.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wilamy Castro, Jessica Souza, Pedro Gaspar, Ana Silva
Summary: When a building facade does not meet its performance requirements, it can compromise the integrity and safety of the structure, reducing its service life. Ceramic tiles are commonly used due to their aesthetic value and durability, but they are prone to degradation over time. This study analyzed 345 ceramic claddings in Brasilia, Brazil and identified four main defects: detachment, cracking, grout failure, and efflorescence. The results show that detachment is the most frequent defect, and sensitivity maps reveal areas of vulnerability on the facade.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Filipe Miguel, Jorge de Brito, Rui Vasco Silva
Summary: The increasing demand for sustainability in construction has led to interest in using recycled materials in concrete production. This study aims to evaluate the performance of alkali activated concrete with different contents of fly ash (FA) and municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (MIBA). Tests were conducted on various mixes including natural aggregates and recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste. The results showed that substituting FA with MIBA negatively affected durability-related performance, while the incorporation of recycled aggregates significantly decreased compressive strength and overall durability performance. However, the use of recycled aggregates resulted in less dimensional variation in terms of shrinkage.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qifan Ren, Joao Pacheco, Jorge de Brito
Summary: This paper proposes refined formulae to consider the wall effects in the geometric mesostructure modelling of concrete. The calibration of the wall effect in geometric modelling has been rarely researched. The proposed formulae are calibrated and validated using measurements on real specimens, and a demonstrative application shows good agreement with experimental data.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. I. Romero-Gomez, R. V. Silva, I. Flores-Colen, J. de Brito
Summary: This study characterizes the residual physico-mechanical performance of gypsums with polypropylene and nylon plastic waste after exposure to high temperatures. Measurements of bulk density, ultrasonic pulse velocity, young's modulus, mechanical strength, fire reaction performance, and toxicity assessment were conducted. The results show that the residual properties are influenced more by reactions in the gypsum matrix than by the plastic waste content, and the plastic-containing composites can be classified as A2 non-combustible material.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tian Li, Rita Nogueira, Jorge de Brito, Jiaping Liu
Summary: This study investigates the influence of fine aggregate's grading on mortar's rheology. The non-uniformity coefficient (Cu) and the coefficient of curvature (Cc) were used to quantitatively evaluate the fine aggregate's grading. The results show that Cu provides a good quantitative description of the fine aggregate's grading and presents a good correlation with its packing density. The study suggests that for a packing density higher than a critical value (0.7391), improving the rheology of mortar may be more effective by acting on aspects other than the fine aggregate's grading.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sergio Roberto da Silva, Jorge de Brito, Jairo Jose de Oliveira Andrade
Summary: The use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) as recycled aggregate (RA) and fly ash (FA) in cementitious materials can improve the sustainability of concrete. However, RA has lower mechanical strength compared to natural aggregate (NA) and FA delays early age strength development. Adding hydrated lime (HL) can increase the strength of concrete with FA at an early age. Rating: 8/10.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana Ferreira, Vitor Sousa, Manuel Pinheiro, Ines Meireles, Cristina Matos Silva, Jorge Brito, Ricardo Mateus
Summary: This study explores the technical and economic feasibility of rainwater harvesting systems as an alternative water source for a retail store in southern Portugal. The simulation shows that the system can save 32-36% of water consumption, resulting in a financial gain of 330-372 euros per month.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jawad Ahmad, Zhiguang Zhou
Summary: The addition of steel fibers and marble waste has a positive impact on the performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC) in aggressive environments, improving its mechanical properties, durability, and microstructure.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kyungjae Lee, Hyunwoo Lim
Summary: Building energy code updates induce correlations among building parameters, which can affect data analysis. This study investigates the impact of these correlations through sensitivity analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. I. Nizovtsev, A. N. Sterlyagov
Summary: The effect of adding a layer of phase change material on the thermal inertia properties of the outer wall in lightweight building was numerically studied. It was found that in the regime of indoor air conditioning, adding a layer of paraffin in a foamed polyurethane wall can significantly reduce heat flux fluctuations on the inner wall surface. Additionally, locating the phase change material on the inner surface of the wall in the regime of daily in-phase fluctuations in the indoor and outdoor air temperatures produces the best effect.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mingzhen Wang, Eric Hu, Lei Chen
Summary: This study proposes an innovative and sustainable condenser-cooling approach called Radiation-enhanced Thermal Diode Tank (RTDT) to assist in energy-saving for Refrigeration and Air-conditioning (RAC) systems. The research finds that the RTDT-RAC system can save up to 40% energy compared to the reference RAC system, with a higher Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 5.34. Additionally, the parametric analysis shows that regions with larger day and night ambient temperature differences, higher room temperature setpoints, and increased RHP radiative surface areas can effectively increase energy savings.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hua Zhang, Xinyue Liu, Linjian Ma, Zeng Li
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of polypropylene (PP) fibers and aggregate contents on the mechanical performance of coral aggregate concrete (CASC). The results revealed that increasing the PP fiber contents and gravel replacement ratio significantly improved the dynamic compressive strength and toughness of CASC, while excessive fiber can have a detrimental effect. The study also developed a dynamic constitutive model that accurately predicted the stress-strain curve and mechanical properties of CASC.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Navid Moghaddas-Zadeh, Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord, William P. Bahnfleth
Summary: This study presents a general procedure for designing a hybrid chiller network using a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm to determine the optimal configuration and chiller loading distribution. Life cycle cost analysis is used to select the optimal configuration. Simulations show that the best energy and economic choices depend on the natural gas and electricity price ratio.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Carolina Briceno, Miguel Azenha, Graca Vasconcelos, Paulo B. Lourenco
Summary: The conditioning of the brick units has an influence on the shear bond behavior of the unit-mortar interface. Longer immersion time improves the shear bond properties, while the cohesion values of premixed mortars are affected by the conditioning time.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Seong-Yong Cheon, Hye-Jin Cho, Jae-Weon Jeong
Summary: A dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) assisted by an isothermal dehumidifier and an indirect evaporative cooler is proposed, and its energy-saving potential is evaluated based on detailed simulations. The results indicate that despite the free cooling operation by the indirect evaporative cooler, the proposed system consumes 10% more operating energy due to the low coefficient of performance (COP) of the isothermal dehumidifier. Improvements in the COP of the isothermal dehumidifier are required for comparable energy performance.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaochen Ma, Wenchao Shi, Hongxing Yang
Summary: The actual wetting factor of the plate surface and the movement of spray droplets are important factors in the performance of indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) systems. A 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that considers these factors is proposed in this study. The model accurately predicts the performance of IEC systems and provides insights for further improvement.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Panagiota Theodoropoulou, Eleonora Brembilla, Roel Schipper, Christian Louter
Summary: This study develops an optimized glare-based control strategy for Venetian blinds in real-life buildings, aiming to improve visual conditions while saving energy. The results show that the optimized algorithm can significantly improve visual conditions for different activities in the building, although it may increase the use of electric lighting in certain cases.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nari Yoon, Leslie Norford, Michael Wetter, Ali Malkawi
Summary: This study developed an analytical model for window operation schedules that leverages natural ventilation for different airflow rates, thermal masses, and climate variations. The research demonstrated that proper window scheduling can significantly reduce indoor temperature and save energy.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haoran Cheng, Denghu Jing
Summary: This study investigated the reinforcement and compressive behavior of rat-trap bond walls using steel plate frames. The results showed that the steel plate frame effectively enhanced the compressive peak load of the wall, and increasing the steel plate thickness improved compressive strength and confinement effect. Nonlinear relations were observed between the preload ratio and the peak load, and local buckling of the steel plate frame was affected by the preload ratio. Finite element models were used to verify the experimental results, and calculation formulas for predicting the compressive peak load were developed and found to be accurate.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bangyu Cheng, Jinlong Yang, Yucheng Fan, Zhi Ni, Ziyan Hang, Bowen Zeng, Huanxun Liu, Chuang Feng
Summary: This study investigates the property-microstructure relationships in graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforced cement composites (GNPRCCs) using three-dimensional finite element modeling and experiments. The results reveal that GNPs aligned at 45 degrees have the most significant impact on enhancing load-bearing capacity and damage resistance of the composites. A larger GNP diameter-to-thickness ratio is beneficial for crack bridging and propagation control. The orientation and porosity of pores have significant effects on the damage behaviors of the composites, while pore shape shows negligible effects. These findings provide key guidelines for optimizing microstructural features and improving the performance and durability of construction materials.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Patrick N. Lemougna, Arnold Ismailov, Erkki Levanen, Pekka Tanskanen, Juho Yliniemi, Katja Kilpimaa, Mirja Illikainen
Summary: This study investigates the effect of glass wool waste on the sintering properties of kaolinitic and illitic clays in the ceramic industry. It was found that the addition of glass wool increased compressive strength at lower temperatures, while the addition of spodumene tailings mitigated firing shrinkage at higher temperatures.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Duidi Wu, Shuangdui Wu, Qianyou Zhao, Shuo Zhang, Jin Qi, Jie Hu, Borong Lin
Summary: This study proposes an intelligent elevator information system (IEIS) based on computer vision technology, which monitors elevator occupancy and guides demand-driven operation optimization to achieve energy-efficient management and efficient operation.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2024)