Article
Limnology
Fernando Miranda Lansac-Toha, Barbara Angelio Quirino, Yasmin Rodrigues Souza, Fabio Amodeo Lansac-Toha, Luiz Felipe Machado Velho, Matheus Tenorio Baumgartner
Summary: Evaluating interactions among organisms in freshwater environments and understanding food web structures are crucial in studying biodiversity patterns and ecosystem functioning. Research showed that primary producers (phytoplankton) and potential top predators (fish) play key roles in freshwater trophic networks. Omnivory is important for reconstructed food webs, highlighting its significance in ecosystem processes.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mandy Velthuis, Annelies J. Veraart
Summary: This study investigated the temperature sensitivity of denitrification and N2O emissions in freshwater ecosystems worldwide using a meta-analytic approach. The results showed that environmental nitrogen concentrations, pH, and O-2 were strongly correlated with the temperature sensitivity of denitrification, while N2O emissions were not correlated with these factors. Furthermore, the temperature sensitivity of N2O emissions in Australia and New Zealand was significantly higher than in other geographic regions.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Leon Hilgers, Stefanie Hartmann, Jobst Pfaender, Nora Lentge-Maass, Ristiyanti M. Marwoto, Thomas von Rintelen, Michael Hofreiter
Summary: This study investigates the role of radula diversification in the divergence of Tylomelania ecomorphs. The results show higher sequence divergence and differential gene expression in radula transcriptomes compared to mantle and foot. Some candidate genes also contribute to trophic specialization in other animal groups, suggesting that certain molecular pathways are prone to adaptive diversification.
Article
Oncology
Z. A. R. Gouw, J. Jeong, A. Rimner, N. Y. Lee, A. Jackson, A. Fu, J-j. Sonke, J. O. Deasy
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of non-uniform fractionation schedules in radiotherapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Through modeling, optimized schedules are proposed to minimize local failures and toxicity risk. The results suggest that non-standard primer shot fractionation can reduce hypoxia-induced radioresistance and improve treatment outcomes.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Hakon A. Langberg, Sarah E. Hale, Gijs D. Breedveld, Bjorn M. Jenssen, Morten Jartun
Summary: This study investigated the concentrations and fingerprints of PFAS in freshwater fish from different sources in Norway. The results showed that chemical fingerprinting can be used to identify the dominant exposure sources. Liver was found to be a better indicator than muscle for source tracking. Specific fingerprints associated with the use of AFFF, long-range atmospheric transport, and production of paper products were described in detail.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nicolas Marro, Gabriel Grilli, Florencia Soteras, Milena Caccia, Silvana Longo, Noelia Cofre, Valentina Borda, Magali Burni, Martina Janouskova, Carlos Urcelay
Summary: The majority of plants enhance their performance through symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the benefits vary among different AMF species and taxonomic groups. AMF have stronger positive effects on phosphorus nutrition than on plant growth and nitrogen nutrition. Diversisporales are the most beneficial to plants without stress, while Gigasporales are most beneficial to plants facing biotic stress.
Article
Biology
Cristiane Marinho de Souza, Klecia Gili Massi, Suzelei Rodgher
Summary: Climate change may lead to increased agricultural pests and pesticide use. The interaction of pesticides and temperature has more negative impacts on freshwater organisms than their isolated effects. Further research is needed to understand the interaction between chemical contamination, climate change, and freshwater ecosystems.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiaxin Liu, Xiaowei Shi, Zhenbo Niu, Cheng Qian
Summary: This meta-analysis compares external boost radiotherapy (EBRT) and intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in terms of treatment outcomes and prognosis in early-stage breast cancer patients. The results show inconsistent findings in long-term local recurrence risk between the two radiotherapies, with no significant differences in short-term local recurrence, distant metastases, disease-free survival, and overall survival. IORT is more convenient, less time-consuming, less costly, and more effective at reducing side effects and toxicity, but the potential for increased long-term local recurrence risk needs to be balanced.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Arun Chockalingam, Menelaos Konstantinidis, Brandon Koo, John Timothy Moon, Andrew Tran, Sahar Nourouzpour, Emily Lawson, Kathleen Fox, Peiman Habibollahi, Bruno Odisio, Mohammed Loya, Ali Bassir, Nariman Nezami
Summary: This study aims to compare the efficacy and clinical outcomes of surgical, ablative, and second-line external beam therapies in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies, we will analyze primary outcomes including survival, recurrence rates, and toxicity, and assess the risk of bias in the included studies.
Review
Oncology
Jingjing Zhao, Linfang Wu, Chen Hu, Nan Bi, Luhua Wang
Summary: This study aimed to determine the optimal dose and fractionation of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) for limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). Two meta-analyses were conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of different fractionation regimens. The results showed that there were no significant differences in overall survival (OS) or severe radiation-related toxicities between hypofractionated, conventional, and hyperfractionated TRT regimens. This study provides evidence that these three TRT fractionation regimens are acceptable options for LS-SCLC patients in the modern radiation era.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Wan-Lin Pan, Li-Li Chen, Meei-Ling Gau
Summary: This paper presents a literature review on non-invasive methods for labor assessment during the first stage. The results show that the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound parameters may be overestimated, indicating a need for further research.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jiafa He, Shengying Chen, Lingling Ye, Yang Sun, Yan Dai, Xue Song, Xiaojie Lin, Rui Xu
Summary: This meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) combined with whole breast irradiation (WBI) versus conventional radiotherapy in early-stage breast cancer patients. The results showed that IORT boost+WBI was more effective than conventional radiotherapy, with electron boost exhibiting better efficacy than x-ray boost. There were no significant differences in cosmetic outcome and toxicity between the two groups, but the incidence of edema was significantly reduced in the IORT boost+WBI group.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Christian M. Meerwein, Georgios Nikolaou, Gregori H. A. Binz, Michael B. Soyka, David Holzmann
Summary: The study reviewed evidence on treating olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) with surgery alone and found that it is an equivalent alternative to combined treatment for carefully selected low-risk patients, with better outcome measures than previously reported.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RHINOLOGY & ALLERGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Lio Yu, Mairead Moloney, Alison Tran, Songzhu Zheng, James Rogers
Summary: Superficial radiotherapy (SRT) combined with 22 megahertz (MHz) dermal ultrasound technology (US-SRT) can visualize tumors before, during, and after treatment, leading to increased cure rates and reduced recurrences.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Murilo Luiz E. Castro Santana, Fernando Rogerio Carvalho, Fabricio Barreto Teresa
Summary: Habitat loss is a common major threat to Brazilian fish species conservation status, but specific fine-scale threats vary across hydrographic regions and taxonomic groups.