Article
Microbiology
Fangying Li, Xiaozhe Fu, Xia Luo, Qiang Lin, Hongru Liang, Yinjie Niu, Lihui Liu, Ningqiu Li
Summary: Viruses rely on host cellular metabolism to complete their life cycle, and Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) has caused significant economic losses to the Chinese perch industry. This study investigated the role of asparagine metabolism in SCRV proliferation and found that key enzymes in the aspartate metabolic pathway were upregulated during SCRV infection. Addition of asparagine and glutamine restored SCRV replication, while inhibition of the aspartate-malate shuttle pathway and knockdown of key enzymes in the asparagine biosynthesis pathway reduced SCRV production. These findings provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism of SCRV through regulation of aspartate metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tobias Ackermann, Hidde R. Zuidhof, Christine Mueller, Gertrud Kortman, Martijn G. S. Rutten, Mathilde J. C. Broekhuis, Mohamad Amr Zaini, Gotz Hartleben, Cornelis F. Calkhoven
Summary: Cancer cells rely on glycolysis for energy production and growth. The transcription factor C/EBPλ-LIP promotes glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells. High expression of C/EBPλ-LIP increases vulnerability to glycolysis inhibition.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivia Vazquez-Martinez, Mauricio Diaz-Munoz, Fernando Lopez-Barrera, Rolando Hernandez-Munoz
Summary: This study explored the impact of isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage on mitochondrial function, specifically focusing on the malate-aspartate shuttle activity. The results showed minimal effects on endogenous shuttle activity, but significant enhancement in a reconstituted system during the post-infarction period, suggesting a compensatory response of cardiomyocytes to the metabolic consequences of myocardial infarction. These findings highlight the sequential biochemical and metabolic modifications within cardiomyocytes during heart damage associated with myocardial infarction, emphasizing the potential role of mitochondrial activity in controlling the redox state.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beatriz Pardo, Eduardo Herrada-Soler, Jorgina Satrustegui, Laura Contreras, Araceli del Arco
Summary: AGC1/Aralar is a mitochondrial carrier involved in the transfer of redox power in neurons. Deficiency in AGC1/Aralar leads to a rare human disease and affects both neuronal and glial functions, resulting in various pathophysiological changes related to neuronal metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milan Holecek
Summary: Aspartate-glutamate carrier 2 (AGC2) is a mitochondrial carrier that plays a crucial role in maintaining redox balance, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. It is activated during starvation and muscle wasting disorders and is involved in the metabolism of aspartate and glutamate. Targeting AGC genes may offer a new therapeutic strategy against cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milan Holecek
Summary: Aspartate-glutamate carrier 2 (AGC2) is a mitochondrial carrier expressed in the liver that plays a crucial role in maintaining intracellular redox balance, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. It is stimulated by catecholamines and glucagon during starvation, exercise, and muscle wasting disorders, and increases aspartate input to the urea cycle. Targeting AGC genes may provide a new therapeutic strategy to fight cancer.
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Ping, Yingchuan Li, Yongmei Cao, Jiawei Shang, Zhongwei Zhang, Ziming Yuan, Wei Wang, Yong Guo
Summary: Metabolomics analysis of serum samples from rats with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) revealed an increase in systemic aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, impairment of oxygen supply and uptake, and abnormal fatty acid metabolism. Changes in malic acid, methionine sulfoxide, and petroselinic acid levels were consistently measured during sepsis progression. The development of sepsis was directly or indirectly related to the development of SI-AKI through these metabolic disorders.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Irene Perez-Liebana, Ines Juaristi, Paloma Gonzalez-Sanchez, Luis Gonzalez-Moreno, Eduardo Rial, Masa Podunavac, Armen Zakarian, Jordi Molgo, Ainara Vallejo-Illarramendi, Laura Mosqueira-Martin, Adolfo Lopez de Munain, Beatriz Pardo, Jorgina Satrustegui, Araceli del Arco
Summary: Calcium acts as an important secondary messenger in regulating the bioenergetic response in neurons. In glucose-utilizing embryonic mouse cortical neurons, calcium upregulates glycolysis, pyruvate levels, and respiration through the Aralar-MAS pathway, while not affecting glucose uptake. This calcium-dependent pathway plays a key role in tuning both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in response to neuronal activation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jens Andersen, Kia H. Markussen, Emil Jakobsen, Arne Schousboe, Helle S. Waagepetersen, Paul A. Rosenberg, Blanca Aldana
Summary: Glutamate plays a crucial role in brain function, with its recycling dependent on metabolic collaboration between neurons and astrocytes. In addition to its involvement in brain energy metabolism, glutamate also serves as a hub connecting glucose and amino acid metabolism, disruptions in which can lead to neuronal excitotoxicity. Understanding the regulation of glutamate-dependent metabolic processes may provide new insights and targets for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra J. Brownstein, Michaela Veliova, Rebeca Acin-Perez, Marc Liesa, Orian S. Shirihai
Summary: Obesity results from an imbalance in energy homeostasis, with interest in exploiting thermogenic processes to counteract obesity. Mitochondrial uncoupling and other mechanisms can dissipate energy, with futile cycles such as lipolysis and calcium import/export cycle consuming energy. These cycles highlight the importance of mitochondrial oxidative function and ATP synthesis in thermogenic energy dissipation.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thibaut Molinie, Elodie Cougouilles, Claudine David, Edern Cahoreau, Jean-Charles Portais, Arnaud Mourier
Summary: The mitochondrial respiratory chain plays a crucial role in metabolic processes by regenerating NAD+ and ATP. Recent studies have shown that complex I can form functional entities called respirasomes, which facilitate NADH oxidation. However, findings demonstrate that complex II is preferred for electron transfer in heart and liver mitochondria. This unexpected result suggests a new regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial respiration in response to NADH/NAD+ redox stress.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paige K. Arnold, Lydia W. S. Finley
Summary: The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is a central metabolic pathway that oxidizes nutrients to support cellular energy production. Recent studies have shown that the TCA cycle is dynamic and can be utilized in cancer and other pathological states. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the TCA cycle, including its origins, discovery, requirements for sustained function, and regulatory nodes. It also discusses recent advances in understanding the flexibility and heterogeneity of TCA cycle activity in mammalian cells, emphasizing the importance of differential regulation and configuration to meet the specific requirements of distinct cell states.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiao Xue, Tong Li, Ting-Ting Chen, Srinivasan Balamurugan, Wei-Dong Yang, Hong-Ye Li
Summary: Metabolic engineering in microalgae holds promise for increasing oil productivity, but complex regulatory networks have been a challenge. This study successfully rewired the pyruvate pathway in fast-growing microalgae to enhance NADPH supply for lipogenesis, resulting in a 2.4-fold increase in lipid content.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melissa H. Broeks, Clara D. M. van Karnebeek, Ronald J. A. Wanders, Judith J. M. Jans, Nanda M. Verhoeven-Duif
Summary: The malate aspartate shuttle (MAS) is crucial for mitochondrial respiration and maintaining cytosolic redox balance, playing a key role in sustaining metabolic pathways like glycolysis and serine biosynthesis. Five potential MAS deficiencies have been reported, mostly presenting with infantile epileptic encephalopathy. Biochemical characteristics such as high lactate, disturbed redox balance, and low serine can aid in diagnosis, while treatment options include a ketogenic diet, serine, and vitamin B6 supplementation.
JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Douglas L. Rothman, Kevin L. Behar, Gerald A. Dienel
Summary: The relationship between neuronal glucose oxidation and neurotransmitter cycling has been established, but the mechanism behind it is not fully understood. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for interpreting brain imaging studies. Several models have been proposed to explain the relationship, but they have limitations. Improved models have been developed to address these limitations and provide a better understanding of neurotransmission.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)