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The Role of Stem Cells and Their Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Restoring Female and Male Fertility

期刊

CELLS
卷 10, 期 9, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells10092460

关键词

infertility; fertility restoration; assisted reproductive technologies; stem cells; extracellular vesicles

资金

  1. Ministry of Science and ICT through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [2021R1A2C2009294]
  2. Brain Pool program [2021H1D3A2A02040098]
  3. National Research Foundation of Korea [2021R1A2C2009294] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Infertility, caused by reproductive disorders, has been treated with medication, hormones, surgery, and assisted reproductive technologies. Stem cell therapy shows promise for restoring fertility due to their ability to regenerate damaged cells and produce extracellular vesicles containing bioactive molecules. Further research is needed to test the efficacy of stem cell transplantation or extracellular vesicle injection in solving infertility problems in the human population.
Infertility is a globally recognized issue caused by different reproductive disorders. To date, various therapeutic approaches to restore fertility have been attempted including etiology-specific medication, hormonal therapies, surgical excisions, and assisted reproductive technologies. Although these approaches produce results, however, fertility restoration is not achieved in all cases. Advances in using stem cell (SC) therapy hold a great promise for treating infertile patients due to their abilities to self-renew, differentiate, and produce different paracrine factors to regenerate the damaged or injured cells and replenish the affected germ cells. Furthermore, SCs secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing biologically active molecules including nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. EVs are involved in various physiological and pathological processes and show promising non-cellular therapeutic uses to combat infertility. Several studies have indicated that SCs and/or their derived EVs transplantation plays a crucial role in the regeneration of different segments of the reproductive system, oocyte production, and initiation of sperm production. However, available evidence triggers the need to testify the efficacy of SC transplantation or EVs injection in resolving the infertility issues of the human population. In this review, we highlight the recent literature covering the issues of infertility in females and males, with a special focus on the possible treatments by stem cells or their derived EVs.

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