Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qianjin Zhang, Xiaomin Su, Chunze Zhang, Wei Chen, Ya Wang, Xiaorong Yang, Dan Liu, Yuan Zhang, Rongcun Yang
Summary: This study found that a strain of bacteria called KLPJ isolated from colon tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis can induce colitis and contribute to intestinal inflammation by activating caspase-11 inflammasomes and IL18. This is important for understanding the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Anja Schulz-Kuhnt, Markus F. Neurath, Stefan Wirtz, Imke Atreya
Summary: The occurrence of epithelial defects in the gut contributes to the pathogenesis of IBD, with intestinal epithelial barrier integrity impairment being a primary trigger and consequence of chronic inflammation. Immune cells and their secretome play critical roles in altering IEC function in IBD. Recent attention has focused on ILCs, specifically their impact on IEC survival, differentiation, and barrier function, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for maintaining epithelial integrity and promoting mucosal healing in IBD.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Dziabowska-Grabias, Malgorzata Sztanke, Przemyslaw Zajac, Michal Celejewski, Katarzyna Kurek, Stanislaw Szkutnicki, Patryk Korga, Wlodzimierz Bulikowski, Krzysztof Sztanke
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, incurable diseases of the digestive tract with unclear etiology, resulting in significant impact on patients' quality of life. The incidence and prevalence of IBD are continuously increasing worldwide, becoming a significant public health burden. Current pharmaceutical management options often have side effects and may not provide sufficient disease control, leading to research on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances as potential treatment options.
Article
Cell Biology
Polychronis Pavlidis, Anastasia Tsakmaki, Agatha Treveil, Katherine Li, Domenico Cozzetto, Feifei Yang, Umar Niazi, Bu Hussain Hayee, Mansoor Saqi, Joshua Friedman, Tamas Korcsmaros, Gavin Bewick, Nick Powell
Summary: In this study, the transcriptional landscape of human colonic epithelial organoids in response to different cytokines was mapped, revealing shared and distinct regulation patterns of epithelial function. The analysis of diseased tissue from IBD patients identified a molecular classification of mucosal inflammation and potential therapeutic targets in intestinal inflammation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sharon Tran, Juliani Juliani, Walter Douglas Fairlie, Erinna Faith Lee
Summary: Landmark GWAS studies have found a correlation between mutations in autophagy genes and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is characterized by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and can greatly affect a person's quality of life. Autophagy is a critical cellular process that helps maintain intestinal health and plays a role in innate immune defense. Further research into the mechanisms of autophagy and its role in preventing intestinal inflammation may have implications for the management of IBD.
BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Van-Long Truong, Woo-Sik Jeong
Summary: Polyphenols, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and procyanidins, are abundant in food and beverage derived from plants. Tea polyphenols have established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and their supplementation can prevent inflammatory conditions and improve the outcome of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jessy Carol Ntunzwenimana, Gabrielle Boucher, Jean Paquette, Hugues Gosselin, Azadeh Alikashani, Nicolas Morin, Claudine Beauchamp, Louise Thauvette, Marie-Eve Rivard, Frederique Dupuis, Sonia Deschenes, Sylvain Foisy, Frederic Latour, Genevieve Lavallee, Mark J. Daly, Ramnik J. Xavier, Guy Charron, Philippe Goyette, John D. Rioux
Summary: This study identified potential causal genes in IBD through functional screening in intestinal epithelial cells, shedding light on their roles in epithelial structure and function. It further emphasized the central role of intestinal epithelial cells in IBD pathophysiology, providing a scientific rationale for developing new drugs that target both immune and epithelial functions.
Review
Immunology
Diana Coman, Isabelle Coales, Luke B. Roberts, Joana F. Neves
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the intestine with a complex etiology involving genetics, gut microbiome, environment, and immune system. Recent research has suggested that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) may play a significant role in the dysregulation of intestinal immunity observed in IBD. Despite being rare in the intestine, helper-like ILCs may contribute to the exacerbation of IBD pathology.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Pallio, Angela D'Ascola, Luigi Cardia, Federica Mannino, Alessandra Bitto, Letteria Minutoli, Giacomo Picciolo, Violetta Squadrito, Natasha Irrera, Francesco Squadrito, Domenica Altavilla
Summary: Metaxalone may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, with potential for treating neurological disorders associated with neuroinflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Weisong Wu, Limei Liu, Yingwei Zhu, Jingbin Ni, Jian Lu, Xiaoli Wang, Li Ma, Yanjun Jiang
Summary: In patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), the immune system is disrupted and the intestinal barrier function is compromised. Six zinc-flavonoid particles were produced and tested for their cytocompatibility and ability to scavenge H2O2, free radicals, and LPS-induced ROS. The zinc-rutin particles (W-ZnRT) showed promising results, exhibiting high cell viability, efficient scavenging abilities, and the ability to restore normal levels of intracellular ROS. In addition, W-ZnRT was found to be more effective than rutin alone in treating chronic colitis in mice, improving intestinal permeability, reducing proinflammatory factors, and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Overall, these findings suggest that W-ZnRT is a safe and efficient therapeutic strategy for IBD.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ming Deng, Jianglin Hu, Rui Tong, Hongming Guo, Yan Liu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic immune disorders in the intestinal tract where intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play critical roles. This study found that miR-452-5p can influence the development of IECs in UC by regulating the expression of Mcl-1, providing insights into the pathogenesis of IBD.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Dario Sorrentino, Shabnam Shahrokh, Maryam Farmani, Fatemeh Ashrafian, Maria Pina Dore, Shahrbanoo Keshavarz Azizi Raftar, Seyed Mobin Khoramjoo, Mohammad Reza Zali
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are immune-mediated, chronic relapsing diseases with a rising prevalence worldwide. Probiotic bacteria may impact immunomodulation by regulating dendritic cells to produce tolerogenic DCs, which could play a role in the treatment of IBD and associated conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
M. J. O'Sullivan, J. H. Jang, A. Panariti, A. Bedrat, G. Ijpma, B. Lemos, J. A. Park, A. M. Lauzon, J. G. Martin
Summary: Increased airway smooth muscle mass in asthmatic patients may contribute to disease pathology, with evidence suggesting the involvement of airway epithelium in this remodeling process. Co-culture experiments reveal that the proliferative phenotype of airway smooth muscle cells induced by epithelial cells is not driven by EGFR signaling, but may instead depend on miR210 targeting of the tumor suppressor Mnt. This study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying airway remodeling in asthma.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
HyunTaek Jung, Jae Seok Kim, Keum Hwa Lee, Kalthoum Tizaoui, Salvatore Terrazzino, Sarah Cargnin, Lee Smith, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Han Li, Sung Hwi Hong, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Min Seo Kim, Paul Wasuwanich, Wikrom Karnsakul, Jae Il Shin, Andreas Kronbichler
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that mainly affects young people. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Zhengping Che, Ziyu Ye, Xueying Zhang, Bihua Lin, Weiqing Yang, Yanfang Liang, Jincheng Zeng
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Current treatments are not fully curative and often lead to relapse. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), with their multipotent differentiation and immunomodulatory capabilities, show potential for the treatment of IBDs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kevin O. Turner, Robert M. Genta, Amnon Sonnenberg
Summary: The study compared the stomach histologic changes in patients with GEJ-GC, BE, and controls. GEJ-GC patients showed higher prevalence of HpG, G-IM, and CIG compared to BE and controls. GEJ-GC likely represents gastric intestinal metaplasia and should be managed accordingly.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melissa Nelson, Xi Zhang, Robert M. Genta, Kevin Turner, Eitan Podgaetz, Shere Paris, Jacob Cardenas, Jinghua Gu, Steven Leeds, Marc Ward, Anh Nguyen, Vani Konda, Glenn T. Furuta, Zui Pan, Rhonda F. Souza, Stuart Jon Spechler
Summary: The study found striking mast cell degranulation in the LES muscle of patients with achalasia or EGJOO, with different manometric phenotypes exhibiting different patterns of gene expression for Ca2+ handling and muscle contraction. These findings support the hypothesis that achalasia may be allergy-driven.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ritesh Kumar, Amir Kumar Singh, Petro Starokadomskyy, Weibo Luo, Arianne L. Theiss, Ezra Burstein, K. Venuprasad
Summary: This study reveals that the expression of Ubc9 is significantly reduced in the colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis patients, due to hypermethylation by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha). Inhibiting HIF-1 alpha with CRISPR-Cas9 technology can normalize Ubc9 expression and attenuate IL-17 expression in Th17 cells.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert M. Genta, Kevin O. Turner, Christopher J. Morgan, Amnon Sonnenberg
Summary: The rare occurrence of collagenous gastritis poses challenges in investigating its epidemiological features. This study revealed that CG is more common in female patients, exhibits a bimodal age distribution, and has significant associations with other lymphocytic disorders. Patients with CG typically present with symptoms such as diarrhea and anemia.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kevin O. Turner, Guy M. Lindberg, Robert M. Genta
Summary: Studies investigating the relationship between granulomatous gastritis (GG) and Helicobacter pylori infection have been inconclusive. This study found that the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with gastric granulomas is essentially identical to that of controls, suggesting no causal relationship between H. pylori and GG.
Article
Pathology
Kevin O. Turner, Margaret H. Collins, Marjorie M. Walker, Robert M. Genta
Summary: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases, such as eosinophilic gastritis and duodenitis, are chronic inflammatory conditions characterized by persistent gastrointestinal symptoms and increased levels of activated eosinophils in the GI tract. Evaluating eosinophil counts in GI biopsies is clinically significant, as it correlates with clinical manifestations and can be used to determine effective management and assess treatment effects.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amnon Sonnenberg, Kevin O. Turner, Robert M. Genta
Summary: A study found that the occurrence of colorectal cancer is rising in younger patients compared to older patients. The study analyzed a large sample of colonoscopy data and revealed different time patterns between colonic precursor lesions and colorectal cancer, suggesting the presence of specific environmental risk factors for malignant transformation.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert M. Genta, Evan S. Dellon, Kevin O. Turner
Summary: Non-oesophageal gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases (EGID) are rare and often underdiagnosed. Clinical suspicion and diagnosis of these conditions are extremely rare. Increased clinical awareness may lead to a better understanding of the epidemiology and improved diagnosis of these elusive conditions.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amnon Sonnenberg, Kevin O. Turner, Hossein Saboorian, Anuradha Singhal, Robert M. Genta
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
David J. Papke, Matthew B. Yurgelun, Amy E. Noffsinger, Kevin O. Turner, Robert M. Genta, Mark Redston
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert M. Genta, Kevin O. Turner, Cristian Robiou, Anuradha Singhal, Massimo Rugge
Summary: Incomplete intestinal metaplasia (IM) is associated with higher gastric cancer (GC) risk compared to its complete variant. AGA Guidelines recommend including IM subtyping in routine pathology reports. This study assesses the prevalence of complete versus incomplete IM in gastric conditions with different GC risks.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicholas J. Talley, Kathryn A. Peterson, Robert M. Genta, Alan T. Chang, Evan S. Dellon, William J. Sandborn
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert M. Genta, Kevin O. Turner, Cristian Robiou, Anuradha Singhal, Massimo Rugge
Summary: Incomplete intestinal metaplasia is more prevalent in conditions (H. pylori gastritis) known to carry a higher risk of gastric cancer, and is strongly associated with its extension. However, the prevalence of incomplete IM is low in conditions (autoimmune atrophic gastritis and reactive gastropathy) known to have a low risk of gastric cancer.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)