Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
HyunTaek Jung, Jae Seok Kim, Keum Hwa Lee, Kalthoum Tizaoui, Salvatore Terrazzino, Sarah Cargnin, Lee Smith, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Han Li, Sung Hwi Hong, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Min Seo Kim, Paul Wasuwanich, Wikrom Karnsakul, Jae Il Shin, Andreas Kronbichler
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that mainly affects young people. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yan Jiang, Karolin Jarr, Cosima Layton, Christopher D. Gardner, Judith E. Ashouri, Maria T. Abreu, Sidhartha R. Sinha
Summary: Despite being an important issue for patients, the impact of diet on adult inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not well explored, with limited guidance. Current evidence on various diets used in the treatment of IBD is summarized, with potential applications of dietary data from related immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) to inform providers. Multiple diets, including Mediterranean, vegetarian/vegan, and reduced-calorie/fasting diets, have shown positive results in other inflammatory diseases, suggesting potential applicability to IBD, but further well-designed clinical trials are needed for guidance.
Review
Immunology
Susanna Esposito, Giulia Antoniol, Marialuisa Labate, Lucrezia Passadore, Patrizia Alvisi, Valeria Dacco, Chiara Ghizzi, Carla Colombo, Nicola Principi
Summary: The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is rising globally, leading to a higher risk of infections in children with dysfunctional immune systems. Vaccines are essential for preventing these infections, and should be administered according to specific immunization guidelines for IBD patients. Compliance with vaccination recommendations is generally low, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary educational programs to improve vaccination coverage and protect children with IBD from vaccine-preventable diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tyler Atagozli, David E. Elliott, Mirac Nedim Ince
Summary: Helminths are multicellular invertebrates that live in the gut of vertebrate animals, including humans. They can cause pathology and require treatment, but can also have commensal or symbiotic relationships with their hosts. Epidemiological data suggests that helminth exposure may provide protection against immune disorders, such as allergies and autoimmune illnesses.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giada Amodeo, Silvia Franchi, Giulia Galimberti, Benedetta Riboldi, Paola Sacerdote
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the gastrointestinal tract. Despite advancements in treatment, the underlying cause of the disease remains unknown. Recent research suggests that targeting the prokineticin system may be a potential therapeutic strategy for this condition.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Jose Sanchez-Quintero, Cristina Rodriguez-Diaz, Francisco J. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandra Fernandez-Castaner, Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes, Carlos Lopez-Gomez
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining cellular functions and are involved in various cellular processes. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been linked to complex disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on IBD, including its role in intestinal mucosa, immune cell populations, mucosal repair, microbiota-brain-gut axes, and the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer, is discussed in this review.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Ballesio, Andrea Zagaria, Flavia Baccini, Federica Micheli, Giovanni Di Nardo, Caterina Lombardo
Summary: This study found that patients with inflammatory bowel disease have poorer subjective sleep quality compared to controls, with even worse sleep quality in those with active IBD. However, there were no differences within IBD subtypes. These results highlight the importance of considering sleep quality as a relevant comorbidity in IBD.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Krystyna Zielinska, Maciej Salaga, Pawel Siwinski, Marcin Wlodarczyk, Adam Dziki, Jakub Fichna
Summary: The study found that IBD patients had significantly decreased SOD activity, GSH and GSSG levels, and GPX activity was significantly diminished only in CD patients. CAT and COX-1 activity was increased, while COX-2 was significantly decreased in IBD patients. TBARS were significantly higher in CD patients compared to the control group. There was no correlation between pain scores, inflammatory status, disease activity, disease duration, or dietary habits and OS markers.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexa N. Sasson, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Maitreyi Raman
Summary: The global incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has increased significantly in the past few decades, with genetic and environmental factors playing a role in the pathogenesis. Diet is a potentially modifiable environmental risk factor for IBD, as it can promote intestinal inflammation through various mechanisms such as dysregulating the immune system and altering intestinal permeability. Dietary changes may be integrated into therapeutic strategies for IBD treatment.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eduard Brunet Mas, Xavier Calvet Calvo
Summary: Combination of two biological therapies (CoT) appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for refractory and severely ill patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ustekinumab plus vedolizumab and vedolizumab plus anti-TNF are the most commonly used CoTs for Crohn's disease. For ulcerative colitis, vedolizumab plus anti-TNF and vedolizumab plus tofacitinib are the most commonly used CoTs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthias Zilbauer, Robert Heuschkel
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex conditions that require personalized treatment approaches. Developing biomarkers to predict disease course and treatment response is challenging.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aravind Gokul Tamilarasan, Yvonne Tran, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Rupert Leong
Summary: Capsule endoscopy has a comparable diagnostic yield to colonoscopy and magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn's disease, but there are difficulties in standardizing scoring systems and lack of transmural assessment. In ulcerative colitis, capsule endoscopy has excellent sensitivity and positive predictive value, but it lacks histologic assessment and has poor specificity.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Dario Sorrentino, Shabnam Shahrokh, Maryam Farmani, Fatemeh Ashrafian, Maria Pina Dore, Shahrbanoo Keshavarz Azizi Raftar, Seyed Mobin Khoramjoo, Mohammad Reza Zali
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are immune-mediated, chronic relapsing diseases with a rising prevalence worldwide. Probiotic bacteria may impact immunomodulation by regulating dendritic cells to produce tolerogenic DCs, which could play a role in the treatment of IBD and associated conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Henrique Inhauser Riceti Magalhaes, Patricia Castelucci
Summary: This review discusses the structural organization of the enteric nervous system and the effects of inflammatory bowel diseases, emphasizing cellular constituents and how therapeutic approaches through the P2X7 receptor can protect the functionality of the affected intestine.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sijing Cheng, Jun Hu, Xianrui Wu, Ji-An Pan, Na Jiao, Yichen Li, Yibo Huang, Xutao Lin, Yifeng Zou, Yuan Chen, Lixin Zhu, Min Zhi, Ping Lan
Summary: The study shows that FUT2 loss-of-function mutation alters the gut microbiota composition in IBD patients, reducing adherent bacteria while increasing butyrate-producing bacteria, leading to intestinal inflammation.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lukas Poralla, Michael Schumann
Summary: Celiac disease is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disorder with a high prevalence and many undiagnosed patients. The trigger for celiac disease, gluten, can selectively activate immune pathology, leading to the discovery of new immune conditions. In 2022, German guidelines for celiac disease were published and provide recommendations for treatment.
DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Luz del Carmen Martinez-Sanchez, Phuong Anh Ngo, Rashmita Pradhan, Lukas-Sebastian Becker, David Boehringer, Despina Soteriou, Marketa Kubankova, Christine Schweitzer, Tatyana Koch, Veronika Thonn, Lena Erkert, Iris Stolzer, Claudia Guenther, Christoph Becker, Benno Weigmann, Monika Klewer, Christoph Daniel, Kerstin Amann, Stefan Tenzer, Raja Atreya, Martin Bergo, Cord Brakebusch, Alastair J. M. Watson, Jochen Guck, Ben Fabry, Imke Atreya, Markus F. Neurath, Rocio Lopez-Posadas
Summary: Abnormal cell shedding is associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammatory bowel diseases. Deletion of PGGTase and RAC1 in intestinal epithelial cells leads to cell overcrowding and epithelial leakage, resulting in chronic intestinal inflammation. RAC1 plays a crucial role in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics, cell mechanics, and intestinal cell shedding.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iris Schaeffner, Marie-Theres Wittmann, Tanja Vogel, D. Chichung Lie
Summary: The transcription factor FOXG1 plays important roles in brain development, and its dosage is crucial for proper neuronal development. High levels of FOXG1 disrupt the survival and fate acquisition of glutamatergic neurons in the hippocampus, but do not affect neurogenesis of GABAergic neurons in the subependymal zone/olfactory bulb system. Interfering with the function of the apoptosis-linked nuclear receptor Nr4a1 rescues FOXG1-dependent death of hippocampal progenitors.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alexander Dietrich, Gregor Sturm, Lorenzo Merotto, Federico Marini, Francesca Finotello, Markus List
Summary: The researchers developed a software tool called SimBu, which can simulate pseudo-bulk RNA-seq data and model cell-type-specific mRNA bias. The results showed that SimBu can generate realistic pseudo-bulk data that accurately reflect the biological and statistical features of real RNA-seq data. This tool is important for assessing cell-type deconvolution methods.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Reyes Gamez-Belmonte, Mousumi Mahapatro, Lena Erkert, Miguel Gonzalez-Acera, Elisabeth Naschberger, Yuqiang Yu, Mireia Tena-Garitaonaindia, Jay Patankar, Yara Wagner, Eva Podstawa, Lena Schoedel, Marvin Bubeck, Markus F. Neurath, Michael Stuerzl, Christoph Becker
Summary: Psen1 drives tumour development by increasing EGFR signalling via NOTCH1 processing, and by activating the COX-2-PGE(2) pathway. PSEN1 inhibition could be a useful strategy in treatment of CRC.
Article
Immunology
Ping Shen, Madlen Rother, Ulrik Stervbo, Vicky Lampropoulou, Elisabeth Calderon-Gomez, Toralf Roch, Ellen Hilgenberg, Steffi Ries, Anja A. Kuehl, Luc Jouneau, Pierre Boudinot, Simon Fillatreau
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of neutrophils in the regulation of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cell expansion in lymph nodes, and the counter-regulatory role of TLR signaling in this process.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph Becker, Timon Erik Adolph
Article
Cell Biology
Sara Bonzano, Eleonora Dallorto, Ivan Molineris, Filippo Michelon, Isabella Crisci, Giovanna Gambarotta, Francesco Neri, Salvatore Oliviero, Ruth Beckervordersandforth, Dieter Chichung Lie, Paolo Peretto, Serena Bovetti, Michele Studer, Silvia De Marchis
Summary: The nuclear receptor NR2F1 is a strong transcriptional regulator in neural cells. Mutations in the NR2F1 gene cause BBSOAS, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by vision impairment, intellectual disability, and autistic traits. In this study, the researchers identified a set of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes as potential targets under direct NR2F1 control. They demonstrated that NR2F1 loss of function in mice resulted in reduced mitochondrial mass, fragmentation, and downregulation of key mitochondrial proteins in newborn neurons, impairing their generation, survival, and integration. Similar dysregulation was also observed in a BBSOAS mouse model. These findings highlight the role of NR2F1 in the mitochondrial gene expression network in neurons and suggest a connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and BBSOAS pathogenesis.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2023)
Letter
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Isaac Virshup, Danila Bredikhin, Lukas Heumos, Giovanni Palla, Gregor Sturm, Adam Gayoso, Ilia Kats, Mikaela Koutrouli, Bonnie Berger, Dana Pe'er, Aviv Regev, Sarah Teichmann, Francesca Finotello, F. Alexander Wolf, Nir Yosef, Oliver Stegle, Fabian Theis, Philipp Angerer, Volker Bergen, Pierre D. Boyeau, Maren Buettner, Gokcen Eraslan, David Fischer, Max C. Frank, Justin Hong, Michal Klein, Marius Lange, Romain Lopez, Mohammad Lotfollahi, Malte Luecken, Fidel A. Ramirez, Jeffrey Regier, Sergei Rybakov, Anna Schaar, Valeh Valiollah Pour Amiri, Philipp J. Weiler, Galen Xing
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. Hautz, S. Salcher, M. Fodor, G. Sturm, S. Ebner, A. Mair, M. Trebo, G. Untergasser, S. Sopper, B. Cardini, A. Martowicz, J. Hofmann, S. Daum, M. Kalb, T. Resch, F. Krendl, A. Weissenbacher, G. Otarashvili, P. Obrist, B. Zelger, D. Oefner, Z. Trajanoski, J. Troppmair, R. Oberhuber, A. Pircher, D. Wolf, S. Schneeberger
Summary: This study comprehensively characterized the immune cell population and their dynamic changes during liver NMP. It was found that neutrophils decreased significantly during NMP, while anti-inflammatory/tolerogenic monocytes/macrophages increased. The findings may contribute to future immune-interventional studies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kristina Koop, Karin Enderle, Miriam Hillmann, Laura Ruspeckhofer, Michael Vieth, Gregor Sturm, Zlatko Trajanoski, Anja A. Kuehl, Raja Atreya, Moritz Leppkes, Patrick Baum, Janine Roy, Andrea Martin, Markus F. Neurath, Clemens Neufert
Summary: Fibrostenotic disease is a common complication in Crohn's disease characterized by ECM accumulation. This study found that MMP13 expression is regulated by IL36R signaling during intestinal fibrosis, and the loss of MMP13 can alleviate intestinal fibrosis in mice. Targeting IL36R-inducible MMP13 could be a promising approach to interfere with the development and progression of intestinal fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Janine Buettner, Elisabeth Bluethner, Sophie Greif, Anja Kuehl, Sefer Elezkurtaj, Jan Ulrich, Sebastian Maasberg, Christoph Jochum, Frank Tacke, Ulrich-Frank Pape
Summary: This study investigated biomarkers for the regulation mechanisms in the intestinal barrier during adaptive response or treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-2 analog in short bowel syndrome patients. Gene expression analyses and intestinal permeability testing were conducted. The results showed altered gene expression in nutrient transport genes and the usefulness of mannitol recovery in describing gut absorptive capacity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Wittner, Lukas Wagener, Jakob J. Wiese, Iris Stolzer, Susanne M. Krug, Elisabeth Naschberger, Rene Jackstadt, Rudi Beyaert, Raja Atreya, Anja A. Kuehl, Gregor Sturm, Miguel Gonzalez-Acera, Jay V. Patankar, Christoph Becker, Britta Siegmund, Zlatko Trajanoski, Beate Winner, Markus F. Neurath, Michael Schumann, Claudia Guenther
Summary: The paracaspase MALT1 plays a crucial role in mucosal inflammation. It is highly expressed in colonic epithelial cells of UC patients and experimental colitis. Mechanistically, MALT1 protease function inhibits ferroptosis and contributes to NF-kappa B signaling and STAT3 signaling, which are involved in inflammation and tissue healing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)