Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Haoqiu Zhou, Xuan Feng, Chunyu Ding, Zejun Dong, Cai Liu, Wenjing Liang
Summary: This paper provides analyses on the maturity of lunar regolith at different depths and identifies the factors contributing to the variations in maturity levels. The results reveal that the near-surface regolith has a higher maturity compared to deeper layers, with localized regions exhibiting anomalously low maturity. Additionally, a newly discovered sandwich structure with low maturity between 12 and 18 m depth is attributed to heterogeneous weathering in a paleo-crater.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruigang Wang, Yan Su, Chunyu Ding, Shun Dai, Chendi Liu, Zongyu Zhang, Tiansheng Hong, Qing Zhang, Chunlai Li
Summary: This study proposed a new method that considers the antenna mounting height and spacing in estimating the relative permittivity of lunar regolith, leading to improvements in accuracy. Through numerical simulations and analysis of radar images, it was found that this method significantly enhances the estimation accuracy of relative permittivity and provides a reassessment of the thickness of lunar regolith at the Chang'E 4 landing site.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Iraklis Giannakis, Feng Zhou, Craig Warren, Antonios Giannopoulos
Summary: This study investigated the shallow layers of lunar regolith at the Chang'E-4 landing site using lunar penetrating radar to identify four layers between 0 and 10 m. A revised stratigraphic model was suggested for the post-Imbrian ejecta at the Von Karman crater based on these findings. A novel hyperbola-fitting scheme was proposed to estimate permittivity profiles and detect previously unnoticed layered structures.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chunyu Ding, Zhiyong Xiao, Bo Wu, Zhaojin Li, Yan Su, Bin Zhou, Kaijun Liu, Jun Cui
Summary: The top centimeters of mature lunar regolith are believed to be dominated by fine particles with few rocky fragments, but dense fragments and rocks have been found within the top layers. These dense materials are hypothesized to be impact breccias formed by host craters, revealing a highly heterogeneous structure in shallow depths of the lunar regolith. Sand-blasting impacts are also identified as a new mechanism for pore destruction in mature lunar regolith.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yan Su, Ruigang Wang, Xiangjin Deng, Zongyu Zhang, Jianfeng Zhou, Zhiyong Xiao, Chunyu Ding, Yuxi Li, Shun Dai, Xin Ren, Xingguo Zeng, Xingye Gao, Jianjun Liu, Dawei Liu, Bin Liu, Bin Zhou, Guangyou Fang, Chunlai Li
Summary: This study presents the results of the Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR), providing insights into the fine structure of the lunar surface and the composition of the subsurface regolith. Laboratory measurements of returned samples further allow estimation of the real part of relative permittivity and the loss tangent of the Moon.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jialong Lai, Feifei Cui, Yi Xu, Chaofei Liu, Ling Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the coarse-grained materials on the farside of the Moon using LPR radar data, revealing an average loss tangent value of 0.0104±0.0027 and an abundance of FeOT+TiO2 at 20.08wt.%, significantly higher than the overlying fine-grained regolith.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hanjie Song, Chao Li, Jinhai Zhang, Xing Wu, Yang Liu, Yongliao Zou
Summary: The paper introduces a procedure that combines rock extraction technique and common offset semblance analysis for interpreting CE-4 LPR data, capable of obtaining high-precision detection results of rock positions and properties.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhijun Huo, Ling Zhang, Zhaofa Zeng, Jing Li, Lin Li, Cai Liu
Summary: This article focuses on the importance of detecting the lunar underground structure and proposes a comprehensive lunar subsurface structure model. A set of processing flow is designed to interpret the detection data, including plane-wave destruction, velocity analysis, and migration imaging. The effectiveness of the imaging method is verified through forward modeling and validation experiments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ling Zhang, Yi Xu, Roberto Bugiolacchi, Bin Hu, Cai Liu, Jialong Lai, Zhaofa Zeng, Zhijun Huo
Summary: The study used Lunar Penetrating Radar to investigate the subsurface structure of the Von Karman crater on the lunar farside over 20 lunar days, revealing clear reflectors and rock clusters, shedding light on their formation mechanisms and geological history.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jianqing Feng, Matthew. A. Siegler, Yan Su, Chunyu Ding, Iraklis Giannakis
Summary: By using the Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) measurements from the Chang'E-4 rover, we have identified the layered structure of the upper three hundred meters of the lunar surface in the South Pole-Aitken Basin. The LPR 60-MHz channel detected five large strata below 90 m depth, with thicknesses ranging from 20 m to larger than 70 m. The LPR 500-MHz channel revealed the structure of weathered material in the top ~40 m, including several layers and a buried paleo crater with its ejecta blanket in the regolith.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuxi Li, Bin Zhou, Shaoxiang Shen, Wei Lu, Chuanjun Tang, Shidong Li, Yan Su, Shun Dai, Guangyou Fang
Summary: This study presents the results of the Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) equipped on China's Chang'E-5 probe, revealing the lunar regolith structure and electromagnetic properties of the landing site.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ke Shi, Zongyu Yue, Kaichang Di, Jianzhong Liu, Zehua Dong
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the evolution of lunar regolith and applied it to the landing area of the Chang'E-4 probe on the farside of the Moon. The research found that larger impact events control the formation of lunar regolith, while the overturning and mixing of lunar regolith on the surface are mainly caused by smaller impact events. The results also suggest that most of the lunar regolith formed before 3.0 billion years ago due to a high impact flux during that time.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yongjiu Feng, Shurui Chen, Xiaohua Tong, Chao Wang, Pengshuo Li, Mengrong Xi, Changjiang Xiao
Summary: The Yutu-2 rover on China's Chang'E-4 mission successfully landed in the Von Karman crater on the lunar farside, which may provide valuable information about lunar formation and evolution. Using the Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) onboard the rover, a band-limited impedance (BLIMP) inversion method was proposed to generate continuous dielectric 2-D profiles. By analyzing the dielectric constants retrieved from point reflectors, the team estimated variations in regolith thickness along the rover's path and found that it could be attributed to changes in ancient surface topography and nearby crater ejecta. The study's findings can improve our understanding of lunar subsurface structure and formation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chunyu Ding, Yan Su, Zhonghan Lei, Zongyu Zhang, Mi Song, Yuanzhou Liu, Ruigang Wang, Qingquan Li, Chunlai Li, Shaopeng Huang
Summary: In this study, the loss tangent of lunar regolith at the Chang'E-5 landing site was estimated using the frequency shift method. The results showed that the loss tangent at the landing site is substantially higher than the typical lunar regolith, indicating a young basalt age and high TiO2+FeO content.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jing Li, Lige Bai, Hai Liu
Summary: The LRPR carried by CE-5 has explored the lunar subsurface structure and guided sampling procedures, and a multiscale FWI method with TV regularization has been used to evaluate its performance. The strategy has successfully reduced signal scattering and provided reliable imaging for sampling, demonstrating improved inversion accuracy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Guangyao Yang, Shengbo Ye, Feng Zhang, Yicai Ji, Xiaojuan Zhang, Guangyou Fang
Summary: The study presents a dual-polarized, double-slot tapered slot antenna with a double-layer, dual-loop structure and novel slot edges, which allows for miniaturization, ultra-wideband and high gain in antenna design. By utilizing a magnetic dual-loop structure, the antenna's low cutoff frequency is reduced, while achieving high gain and low sidelobe level.