期刊
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.718709
关键词
near-infrared-II; cyanine; polymethine dyes; multiplexed channels; molecular imaging; pharmacokinetics
The development of NIR-II fluorescence imaging has enabled real-time detection of biological cells, tissues, and the body, but current NIR-II fluorophores face challenges in emission wavelength control and quantum yield. Cyanine dyes have shown promise as ideal NIR-II fluorophores with tunable emission and brightness, but a simpler and faster synthesis method is still needed. Further research is needed to explore NIR-II dyes with longer wavelengths and improved stability for potential clinical applications.
The development of near-infrared-II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging has implemented real-time detection of biological cells, tissues and body, monitoring the disease processes and even enabling the direct conduct of surgical procedures. NIR-II fluorescence imaging provides better imaging contrast and penetration depth, benefiting from the reducing photon scattering, light absorption and autofluorescence. The majority of current NIR-II fluorophores suffer from uncontrollable emission wavelength and low quantum yields issues, impeding the clinical translation of NIR-II bioimaging. By lengthening the polymethine chain, tailoring heterocyclic modification and conjugating electron-donating groups, cyanine dyes have been proved to be ideal NIR-II fluorophores with both tunable emission and brightness. However, a simpler and faster method for synthesizing NIR-II dyes with longer wavelengths and better stability still needs to be explored. This minireview will outline the recent progress of cyanine dyes with NIR-II emission, particularly emphasizing their pharmacokinetic enhancement and potential clinical translation.
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