Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuh-Cherng Chai, John J. Mieyal
Summary: This Special Issue aims to advance the understanding of the roles of the GSH/Grx system in cellular homeostasis and disease processes. GSH is the most abundant non-enzymatic antioxidant/nucleophilic molecule in cells. The S-glutathionylation of proteins, a reversible post-translational modification, can act as a regulatory switch in cell signaling and redox homeostasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Checconi, Cristiana Coni, Dolores Limongi, Sara Baldelli, Fabio Ciccarone, Marta De Angelis, Manuela Mengozzi, Pietro Ghezzi, Maria Rosa Ciriolo, Lucia Nencioni, Anna Teresa Palamara
Summary: Redox modifications, including glutathionylation, play important roles during viral infection. The study reveals that influenza virus infection induces protein glutathionylation and that glutaredoxin-mediated deglutathionylation is crucial for the viral life cycle. These findings contribute to the understanding of redox regulation in influenza virus replication and may help identify new targets for controlling respiratory viral infections.
Article
Biology
Miao Chen, Jian Wang, Yang Yang, Tao Zhong, Peng Zhou, Huixian Ma, Jingrui Li, Dengwen Li, Jun Zhou, Songbo Xie, Min Liu
Summary: Cytoskeletal protein EB1 is susceptible to glutathionylation under oxidizing conditions, which helps control its activity and protect it from oxidative damage. This glutathionylation of EB1 plays a crucial role in regulating microtubule dynamics and cellular activities.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Dreyer, Patrick Treffon, Daniel Basiry, Anna Maria Jozefowicz, Andrea Matros, Hans-Peter Mock, Karl-Josef Dietz
Summary: Peroxiredoxins play a crucial role in redox regulation in the cell, with PRX-IIE in chloroplast protein network being found to undergo various posttranslational modifications. Its interaction with 14-3-3 upsilon protein under oxidizing conditions may guide PRX-IIE to specific target proteins for redox regulation, offering a new perspective on the cellular redox regulatory network.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Li, Xuewen Tang, Xing Wen, Xiaoyuan Ren, Huihui Zhang, Yatao Du, Jun Lu
Summary: Acetaminophen overdose is a common cause of drug-induced liver injury. The reaction between APAP metabolite and thiol molecules is the main cause of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, but the role of other thiol-related regulators is unclear. In this study, the deletion of the Glrx2 gene worsened APAP-induced liver damage by interrupting the thiol-redox compensatory response and enhancing the AIF pathway-mediated oxidative damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Syed Husain Mustafa Rizvi, Di Shao, Yuko Tsukahara, David Richard Pimentel, Robert M. Weisbrod, Naomi M. Hamburg, Mark E. McComb, Reiko Matsui, Markus Michael Bachschmid
Summary: The study showed that exposure to hydrogen peroxide induced S-glutathionylation and nuclear translocation of GAPDH in HEK 293T cells. Overexpression of Glrx or a redox dead mutant GAPDH inhibited S-glutathionylation and nuclear translocation. Nuclear GAPDH formed a complex with SirT1, transferring S-glutathionylation to SirT1 and inhibiting its deacetylase activity to initiate apoptotic signaling.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Roret, Bo Zhang, Anna Moseler, Tiphaine Dhalleine, Xing-Huang Gao, Jeremy Couturier, Stephane D. Lemaire, Claude Didierjean, Michael K. Johnson, Nicolas Rouhier
Summary: This study examined the catalytic capacity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii GRX2 recombinant protein and unexpectedly found the presence of a [2Fe-2S] cluster in the protein purified under anaerobiosis, despite previous mutational analyses suggesting an inadequate active site signature. These results indicate the existence of an atypical Fe-S cluster environment and ligation mode in conventional GRXs, highlighting the complexity of factors influencing their Fe-S binding capacity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefanie J. Mueller-Schuessele, Finja Bohle, Jacopo Rossi, Paolo Trost, Andreas J. Meyer, Mirko Zaffagnini
Summary: The study shows that the glutathione-dependent redox network in plastids is highly conserved in streptophytes, with some variability in scavenging and damage repair enzymes. Analysis of cysteine conservation indicates that S-glutathionylation in plastids plays a significant and yet under-investigated role in redox regulation and stress response. The research reveals that certain cysteine residues undergoing S-glutathionylation are completely conserved in model species from green algae to flowering plants, pointing to independent gains and losses of cysteines during land plant evolution.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ting Song, Geng Yang, Hanxi Zhang, Mengyue Li, Wanyi Zhou, Chuan Zheng, Fengming You, Chunhui Wu, Yiyao Liu, Hong Yang
Summary: This study constructed a GSH-depleting magnetic nanoplatform (D@MOs-P) that enhances ferroptosis by disrupting redox homeostasis and ferritinophagy-mediated iron disorders. The D@MOs-P platform utilizes disulfide bond-mediated glutathione depletion and magnetic hyperthermia to disrupt redox homeostasis and induce ferritinophagy, leading to intense ferroptosis of tumor cells. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that D@MOs-P effectively suppresses tumor growth with minimal side effects. This research also highlights the potential of magnetic nanoparticles for T2-weighted MR imaging.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Liu, Shaojie Zhai, Xingwu Jiang, Yanyan Liu, Kun Wang, Chaochao Wang, Meng Zhang, Xuanyong Liu, Wenbo Bu
Summary: Intracellular redox homeostasis and the iron metabolism system play crucial roles in the limited efficacy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) on tumor cells. A novel biodegradable nanocarrier, DMON@Fe-0/AT, effectively depletes intracellular GSH, releases on-demand ferrous ions and a catalase inhibitor, and disrupts the cellular iron metabolism system, resulting in a highly efficient killing effect on tumor cells. This innovative strategy provides a promising approach for enduring CDT.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Reem Aboushousha, Jos van der Velden, Nicholas Hamilton, Zhihua Peng, Maximilian Macpherson, Cuixia Erickson, Sheryl White, Emiel F. M. Wouters, Niki L. Reynaert, David J. Seward, Jianing Li, Yvonne M. W. Janssen-Heininger
Summary: This study reveals a connection between S-glutathionylation and glutaredoxin (GLRX) with glutathione (GSH) through OTUB1 and system x(C)(-), leading to an increase in cellular GSH content.
Article
Cell Biology
Hong Zhang, Weibin Gong, Si Wu, Sarah Perrett
Summary: Cellular redox homeostasis is maintained by the balance between generation and elimination of ROS. Hsp70 proteins play a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress and are involved in various cellular signaling pathways. ROS can directly modify Hsp70 proteins and indirectly modulate their activity and expression through redox-related signaling pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tong Zhang, Nicholas J. Day, Matthew Gaffrey, Karl K. Weitz, Kwame Attah, Patrice N. Mimche, Robert Paine, Wei-Jun Qian, My N. Helms
Summary: This study investigates the impact of high levels of oxygen on redox-dependent regulation in the lung, specifically focusing on the role of protein S-glutathionylation (SSG) in oxygen-induced lung injury. Through proteome-wide profiling, it was found that hyperoxia leads to significant alterations in SSG levels in various proteins. Additionally, overexpression of the beta-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (Scnn1b) appears to protect against lung injury caused by hyperoxia. These findings highlight the importance of redox regulation in oxygen-induced lung injury and provide insights into potential protective mechanisms.
Article
Cell Biology
Jian Zhang, Lingyan Zhang, Gang Yao, Hai Zhao, Shuguang Wu
Summary: Iron overload leads to osteoporosis and NRF2 activation can enhance osteoclast differentiation and reduce intracellular iron levels.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evan A. Talib, Caryn E. Outten
Summary: This review discusses the roles of CGFS glutaredoxins and BolA proteins in the synthesis and trafficking of Fe-S clusters, highlighting their shared and distinct functions in cluster biogenesis, storage, and signaling to transcriptional factors controlling iron metabolism in bacteria, fungi, humans, and plants.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucia Coppo, Pradeep Mishra, Nora Siefert, Arne Holmgren, Svante Paabo, Hugo Zeberg
Summary: The substitution of an amino acid in glutathione reductase in present-day humans, compared to apes and Neanderthals, has been found. This substitution does not affect the enzyme's activity and stability, but it results in the ancestral enzyme producing more reactive oxygen species and increasing cellular levels of transcripts encoding cytokines. Additionally, the ancestral enzyme has been reintroduced into the modern human gene pool through gene flow from Neanderthals and is associated with various traits in present-day people.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meishan Li, Lucia Coppo, Bhanu P. Jena, Lars Larsson
Summary: This study optimized quantum dot mediated thermometry to measure the efficiency of myosin extracted from muscle mini bundles. The results showed that different myosin isoforms have different efficiencies, with lower efficiency observed in slow myosin isoforms. This study is crucial for the evaluation of neuromuscular disorders.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joana S. Vital, Luis Tanoeiro, Ricardo Lopes-Oliveira, Filipa F. Vale
Summary: Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative bacterium colonizing human stomachs, is a major risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. Its high genetic variability and antibiotic resistance pose challenges to treatment. New technologies like next generation sequencing offer faster characterization of virulence factors and prediction of antibiotic resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Luis Tanoeiro, Monica Oleastro, Alexandra Nunes, Andreia T. Marques, Silvia Vaz Duarte, Joao Paulo Gomes, Antonio Pedro Alves Matos, Jorge M. B. Vitor, Filipa F. Vale
Summary: This study identified two novel prophages in Campylobacter coli and explored their role in gene transfer and evolution between species. The presence of multiple prophages in Campylobacter spp. populations, with different distribution patterns in human and non-human isolates, suggests their involvement in evolutionary introgression events.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vanessa Pires, Isabella Bramatti, Michael Aschner, Vasco Branco, Cristina Carvalho
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of thimerosal and ethylmercury on glioblastoma cells, and the results showed that they reduced cell viability and triggered cell death. Moreover, their effect on reducing the redox capability of tumor cells was better than temozolomide.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vasco Branco, Lucia Coppo, Michael Aschner, Cristina Carvalho
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of Hg2+ on the activation of NF-kB (p50) and p38, as well as the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes in microglial cells. It was found that Hg2+ disrupted the redox systems in microglia, leading to the activation of p38 and transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Adequate nutritional status was shown to minimize the toxicity resulting from Hg exposure.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diana Morais, Luis Tanoeiro, Andreia T. Marques, Tiago Goncalves, Aida Duarte, Antonio Pedro Alves Matos, Joana S. Vital, Maria Eugenia Meirinhos Cruz, Manuela Colla Carvalheiro, Elsa Anes, Jorge M. B. Vitor, Maria Manuela Gaspar, Filipa F. Vale
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major threat to human and animal health due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics. Encapsulation of lysins in liposomes can be an effective strategy against this Gram-negative bacterium. This study identified and analyzed lysins from prophages in P. aeruginosa genomes and successfully encapsulated them in liposomes, resulting in a significant reduction in cell viability and lysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Coppo, Simona Scheggi, Graziella DeMontis, Raffaella Priora, Simona Frosali, Antonio Margaritis, Domenico Summa, Danila Di Giuseppe, Monica Ulivelli, Paolo Di Simplicio
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between increased plasma concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) and the onset/progression of diseases, but it is not yet clear how the increase in tHcy leads to pathological conditions. It is suggested that albumin may play a role in homocysteine toxicity, and further research on the redox role of albumin and thiol-disulfide exchange reactions could offer new therapeutic insights for reducing homocysteine toxicity.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Isabella Bramatti, Beatriz Matos, Neusa Figueiredo, Pedro Pousao-Ferreira, Vasco Branco, Marta Martins
Summary: PAHs, as persistent pollutants, are commonly found in the environment as complex mixtures. The interaction effects between compounds in a mixture may trigger different toxicological mechanisms, and mixtures of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic PAHs can further enhance genotoxic effects. Therefore, assessing the toxicity of PAHs should take into account the composition of the mixtures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harry A. Thorpe, Elise Tourrette, Koji Yahara, Filipa F. Vale, Siqi Liu, Monica Oleastro, Teresa Alarcon, Tsachi-Tsadok Perets, Saeid Latifi-Navid, Yoshio Yamaoka, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Ioannis Karayiannis, Timokratis Karamitros, Dionyssios N. Sgouras, Wael Elamin, Ben Pascoe, Samuel K. Sheppard, Jukka Ronkainen, Pertti Aro, Lars Engstrand, Lars Agreus, Sebastian Suerbaum, Kaisa Thorell, Daniel Falush
Summary: Helicobacter pylori has recently spread out of Africa, replacing deleterious variants that accumulated during the original out of Africa migrations more than 50,000 years ago.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vasco Branco, Luis Carvalho, Cassia Barboza, Eduarda Mendes, Afonso Cavaco, Cristina Carvalho
Summary: This study found that pregnant women highly exposed to mercury through fish consumption had sub-optimal selenium status, resulting in reduced plasma selenoprotein activity. However, low selenium levels did not affect the activity of thioredoxin reductase. On the other hand, the decrease in thioredoxin activity with an increase in mercury may be a good indicator for preventing fetal susceptibility.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Muhammad Ismail, Nashon D. Majaliwa, Filipa F. Vale, Roqueia Cumbana, Jose J. Sumbana, Arsenio Muchongo, Ema Nassone, Michella Loforte, Liana Mondlane, Edilia Botao, Elisa Taviani, Carla Carrilho, Jorge M. B. Vitor, Jahit Sacarlal
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of H. pylori and its genotypic resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and fluoroquinolones in Mozambican dyspeptic patients. The results showed a high prevalence of H. pylori infection and high resistance rates to metronidazole and fluoroquinolones. These data will guide clinicians in choosing appropriate drugs for the effective treatment of H. pylori-infected patients.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Andreia N. Carvalho, Vasco Branco, Jack van Horssen, Luciano Saso
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harry A. Thorpe, Elise Tourrette, Koji Yahara, Filipa F. Vale, Siqi Liu, Monica Oleastro, Teresa Alarcon, Tsachi-Tsadok Perets, Saeid Latifi-Navid, Yoshio Yamaoka, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Ioannis Karayiannis, Timokratis Karamitros, Dionyssios N. Sgouras, Wael Elamin, Ben Pascoe, Samuel K. Sheppard, Jukka Ronkainen, Pertti Aro, Lars Engstrand, Lars Agreus, Sebastian Suerbaum, Kaisa Thorell, Daniel Falush
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joana Antunes, Paula Sobral, Marta Martins, Vasco Branco
Summary: Nanoplastics have the potential to activate inflammatory pathways in human cells, leading to upregulation of proteins and increased production of inflammatory factors. The response varies depending on the cell type.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)