Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheng-Cheng Zhang, Bin Shi, Song Zhang, Kai Gu, Su-Ping Liu, Xu-Long Gong, Guang-Qing Wei
Summary: This study introduces an improved approach using microanchored fiber-optic cables for strain determination along entire lengths of vertical boreholes, optimizing ground-to-cable coupling at the near surface. A novel criterion for soil-cable coupling evaluation based on geotechnical bearing capacity theory is proposed. Experimental results validate microanchored DSS as an improved means for detecting and monitoring shallow subsurface strain profiles, presenting promising applications in the field of geotechnical engineering.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kim Madsen van't Veen, Ty Paul Andrew Ferre, Bo Vangso Iversen, Christen Duus Borgesen
Summary: This study provides a robust and efficient way to design electromagnetic induction (EMI) surveys using machine learning. By generating a large number of forward models and utilizing machine learning algorithms, the optimal EMI design for subsurface properties can be predicted. The ML-based approach aligns with traditional optimization methods and offers additional insights.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ding Nie, Min Zhang, Pengbo Wei, Mingyuan Man
Summary: This article focuses on improving the understanding of electromagnetic scattering from water waves modulated by shoaling effects from different upslope submarine topography in the nearshore zone. Simulation results showed that the angular position and higher-order harmonics of the bistatic scattering coefficient are impacted by the upslope variations, as well as the wave height and nonlinear effects of the shallow water waves. Additionally, simulations support the transfer of wave energy from low to high-frequency components in the shallow water zone with upslope submarine topography.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Pin-Chun Huang, Kwan Tun Lee
Summary: This study proposes a geomorphology-based IUH model, which uses the ratio of PCA to determine the separation between surface and subsurface flow regions. The temporal distribution of the simulated hydrograph is found to be sensitive to the PCA ratio. By considering initial streamflow, antecedent precipitation, current infiltration rate, and soil type, the LSTM model provides accurate values of PCA and improves the accuracy of flood simulation.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jia Li, Xia Wang, Haixia Jia, Yang Liu, Yunfei Zhao, Changming Shi, Furong Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of herbaceous plants' roots density on soil structure and slope stability in an area affected by shallow landslides. The results showed that the roots of herbaceous plants can improve soil physicochemical properties and stability. Different plant species had different effects on soil, with Clematis florida having the most effective impact. Increasing root density of Cynodon dactylon decreased soil stability, while increasing root density of Digitaria sanguinalis increased soil stability.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tiansheng Zhang, Chun Liu, Peter Bayer, Liwei Zhang, Xulong Gong, Kai Gu, Bin Shi
Summary: This study measured the shallow temperatures down to a depth of 100 m in 19 closed boreholes in Nanjing, China, for one year, aiming to understand the subsurface thermal regime and its influencing factors. The results showed that surface temperatures were most dynamic and influenced by air temperature, while temperatures remained stable at depths of 10-20 m. Geological and hydrological conditions played a primary role in affecting subsurface heat flux and loss, with urban land cover change and enhanced heat release from urbanization contributing to a subsurface urban heat island. The monitoring concept used in this study can provide continuous profiles of subsurface temperature and serve as a reference for city-wide geothermal monitoring in other urban areas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin Yin, Chuansheng Huang, Shuren Hao, Li Miao, Junyi Li, Yonggang Qiu, Huo Liu
Summary: This study investigated the influence of rainfall on soil slope stability through physical model experiments. The results showed that increased rainfall intensity led to greater changes in soil pressure, earlier response time of pore water pressure, and different types of slope failure. The experimental results were consistent with the actual situation and can provide reference for similar landslide research.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jessica C. Marotti, Guilherme J. C. Gomes, Raquel Q. Velloso, Euripedes A. Vargas Junior, Rafael S. Nunes, Nelson F. Fernandes
Summary: This study investigates landslides triggered by extreme precipitation in the Tijuca Massif, southeastern Brazil. The results show that soil depth and initial moisture conditions have minimal influence on the safety factor during extreme rainfall events, as the intensity and duration of rainfall are the main triggering factors.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dongdong Yang, Haijun Qiu, Shuyue Ma, Zijing Liu, Chi Du, Yaru Zhu, Mingming Cao
Summary: This study investigated the impact of slow surface subsidence caused by underground coal mining on landslide occurrences by using multitemporal satellite images, UAV surveys, and InSAR technique. The results show that subsidence significantly increases the likelihood of landslides, with the frequency ratio of landslides and fissures increasing with cumulative subsidence.
Article
Engineering, Geological
G. La Porta, A. Leonardi, M. Pirulli, F. Cafaro, F. Castelli
Summary: Rainfall-induced shallow landslides often transform into flows, posing a severe hazard to infrastructure and human lives in mountainous areas worldwide. Back-analysis of previous events can inform risk assessment and the design of mitigation measures. However, conventional back-analysis exercises do not account for the occurrence of flows in sequences or surges, leading to potential inaccuracies in hazard assessment. In this paper, a novel time-resolving procedure is proposed to address this issue, which discretizes the event and tracks the post-failure behavior of each surge separately. The results of two case studies demonstrate that the time-resolving procedure can significantly impact the runout path, flooded area, and flow heights, highlighting the need for a review of historical cases and reassessment of current practices.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luyou Zhao, Qishan Qin, Huajie Geng, Fenli Zheng, Xunchang J. Zhang, Guifang Li, Xiangzhou Xu, Jiaqiong Zhang
Summary: Inflow rate, tillage depth, and slope gradient significantly affect hillslope soil erosion processes. Laboratory experiments were conducted to analyze the impacts of these factors and their interactions on erosion rates. The results showed that increasing inflow rate and slope gradient led to higher erosion rates, while deeper tillage decreased erosion rates. The slope gradient had a greater impact than inflow rate and tillage depth. Measures such as dispersing runoff, increasing deep tillage, and reducing slope gradient can effectively prevent soil erosion in the Chinese Mollisol region.
Article
Agronomy
Guanfang Sun, Yan Zhu, Zhaoliang Gao, Jinzhong Yang, Zhongyi Qu, Wei Mao, Jingwei Wu
Summary: This study investigated the spatial patterns and seasonal dynamics of soil salinity in irrigated agro-ecosystems, as well as the driving factors behind these patterns. The results showed that water movement from deep layers to shallow layers resulted in an increase in soil salinity in the root zone and a decrease in the deep soil during the crop growing season. However, this trend was reversed during the fallow seasons. Crop types, groundwater table depth, and climate conditions played significant roles in the contribution of shallow groundwater to soil salinity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. L. Bishop, M. Yesilbas, N. W. Hinman, Z. F. M. Burton, P. A. J. Englert, J. D. Toner, A. S. McEwen, V. C. Gulick, E. K. Gibson, C. Koeberl
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential impacts of interactions between sulfates and chlorine salts in Martian soil, including water absorption, expansion, deliquescence, subsidence, crust formation, surface disruption, and ultimately landslides after dust loading on unstable surfaces.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiajiao Liu, Zhiyong Fu, Wei Zhang, Shuangshuang Xiao, Hongsong Chen, Kelin Wang
Summary: In karst hillslopes, the soil-epikarst system plays a crucial role in the storage of soluble carbon and the occurrence of hydrological and biogeochemical processes. The study focuses on understanding the mechanism of soluble carbon loss through different runoff components in the soil-epikarst system and how it can be influenced by land use. Field experiments on various land uses showed that the critical zone structure and land use significantly affect the runoff and soluble carbon loss in the karst hillslopes.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Hao, Chunhui Liu, Wencai Zhang, Xue Liu, Guihong Liu
Summary: This paper investigates a potential soil landslide in an expressway area underneath a railway tunnel in Guangzhou, China. The study analyzes the impact of rainfall and blast on slope stability and proposes a mitigation method for the unstable slope.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Chen-Wei Chiu, Takashi Gomi, Marino Hiraoka, Katsushige Shiraki, Yuichi Onda, Bui Xuan Dung
Summary: This study examined the effects of 50% strip thinning on catchment-scale annual and seasonal evapotranspiration using runoff data. The results showed that evapotranspiration increased after thinning, with compatible seasonal patterns. The STWB model used in this study can evaluate the impact of timber harvesting on evapotranspiration changes.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yupan Zhang, Yuichi Onda, Hiroaki Kato, Bin Feng, Takashi Gomi
Summary: In this study, we successfully reconstructed the understory vegetation using Structure from Motion and ultralow-flying drone technology in a densely planted forest. We generated understory vegetation biomass distribution models, which are important for evaluating erosion and evapotranspiration in dense plantation forests and future environmental management.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Keiko Tagami, Shoji Hashimoto, Masashi Kusakabe, Yuichi Onda, Brenda Howard, Sergey Fesenko, Gerhard Proehl, Andra-Rada Harbottle, Alexander Ulanowski
Summary: An international review and analysis of radioecological data in Japan after the Fukushima nuclear accident was conducted by the working group 4 of IAEA's MODARIA II programme. The study focused on various environmental transfer processes, including plant uptake, soil behavior, animal transfer, and food processing. Valuable lessons in radioecology were learned from comparing Japan-specific data with global data.
JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yusuke Uchiyama, Natsuki Tokunaga, Kohei Aduma, Yuki Kamidaira, Daisuke Tsumune, Toshiki Iwasaki, Masatoshi Yamada, Yutaka Tadeda, Takashi Ishimaru, Yukari Ito, Yutaka W. Watanabe, Ken Ikehara, Miho Fukuda, Yuichi Onda
Summary: Significant release of radionuclides from the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant resulted in their deposition on land and subsequent transport to the coastal areas, leading to long-term impacts on the marine environment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junko Takahashi, Daichi Hihara, Takuya Sasaki, Yuichi Onda
Summary: The study investigates the impact of rainfall infiltration on Cs-137 and finds that it can explain a small part of Cs-137's downward migration, but further research is needed to clarify the contribution of other mechanisms.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hiroaki Kato, Yuichi Onda, Keita Maejima
Summary: This study examined the distribution of radiocesium from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in a densely planted Japanese cedar stand. The results showed that the Cs-137 inventories were heterogeneously distributed and had weak correlation between the deposited organic material and mineral soil. The controlling mechanisms of Cs-137 inventories differed in different layers. Additionally, the Cs-137 inventory in the soil increased with distance from the nearest tree trunk.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bin Feng, Yuichi Onda, Yoshifumi Wakiyama, Keisuke Taniguchi, Asahi Hashimoto, Yupan Zhang
Summary: Mechanical soil decontamination is an important tool in remediating contaminated soils. The study found that upstream decontamination caused persistently excessive suspended sediment loads downstream, but rapid vegetation recovery can shorten the duration of such unsustainable impacts. Future upstream remediation should consider pre-assessing local natural restoration and preparing appropriate revegetation measures in remediated regions for downstream sustainability.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Donovan Anderson, Hiroaki Kato, Yuichi Onda
Summary: This study assessed the impact of precipitation on the deposition of 137Cs in forests after the Fukushima accident. The results showed that in areas where wet deposition processes were dominant, dense forests had lower ambient dose rates and contamination levels. Furthermore, 137Cs was retained in forest canopies for an extended period regardless of the deposition mode.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hiroyuki Arai, Takehiko Fukushima, Yuichi Onda
Summary: This study analyzed the changes and migration of radiocesium concentrations in sediments and suspended solids in Lake Kasumigaura following the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011. The results showed that the radiocesium concentration decreased due to riverine input and atmospheric deposition, but remained relatively high. Furthermore, the difference in input between different rivers into the lake is gradually decreasing.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Correction
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bin Feng, Yuichi Onda, Yoshifumi Wakiyama, Keisuke Taniguchi, Asahi Hashimoto, Yupan Zhang
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hikaru Sato, Maksym Gusyev, Dmytro Veremenko, Gennady Laptev, Naoaki Shibasaki, Yuichi Onda, Mark Zheleznyak, Serhii Kirieiev, Kenji Nanba
Summary: This study investigated the impact of water level drawdown in the cooling pond near the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant on the groundwater system. The results showed that the decrease in water levels led to a significant increase in 90Sr concentration at certain locations and affected the groundwater flow direction and velocity. Therefore, further monitoring is needed to verify the transport of 90Sr from areas of elevated concentrations and its impact on the aquifer.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Isabela Silveira Baptista, Maki Tsujimura, Yuichi Onda
Summary: In this study, a new methodology utilizing stable isotopic concentrations and SF6 concentrations was applied to investigate temporal variations in the mean transit time of spring water in a forested headwater catchment in Japan. The results indicate that the mean transit time of spring water changed after forest thinning, suggesting long-term changes in hydrological processes.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ayumi Sugiyama, Maki Tsujimura, Yuichi Onda, Koichi Sakakibara, Kosuke Nagano, Shinjiro Yano, Kazuyo Nagaosa, Kenji Kato
Summary: In this study, the spatiotemporal distribution of prokaryotic communities in groundwater and spring water was investigated to examine the relationship between the groundwater flow system and prokaryotic dynamics. The results showed that as the residence time of groundwater increased, the density of prokaryotes in the shallow subsurface also increased, whereas that of the prokaryotes in the deep subsurface decreased.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bin Feng, Yuichi Onda, Yoshifumi Wakiyama, Keisuke Taniguchi, Asahi Hashimoto, Yupan Zhang
Summary: After the Fukushima nuclear accident, the Japanese government conducted extensive decontamination work in contaminated catchments. However, the impact of land use changes on river sediment discharge remained unknown. This study utilized a 6-year database to directly link the dynamics of river suspended sediment to land use changes caused by humans, providing fundamental data for understanding the response of river sediment to land use change.
Article
Forestry
Yupan Zhang, Yiliu Tan, Yuichi Onda, Asahi Hashimoto, Takashi Gomi, Chenwei Chiu, Shodai Inokoshi
Summary: This paper describes an innovative tree detection method using drone LiDAR data from a new perspective of the under-canopy structure. The method relies on trunk point clouds, with under-canopy sections split into heights ranging from 1 to 7 m, which were processed and compared to determine a suitable height threshold to detect trees. The results show that this trunk-section-based method significantly reduces the difficulty of tree detection in dense plantation forests with high accuracy (F1-Score = 0.9395).
Article
Geography, Physical
A. Securo, C. Del Gobbo, L. Rettig, S. Pillon, A. De Luca, D. Fontana, E. Benedetti Fasil, R. R. Colucci
Summary: Small glaciers in temperate mountain regions have experienced significant reduction and unprecedented melt rates in recent years. Some glaciers have transitioned from clean ice to debris-covered or even rock glaciers. This study examines the surface elevation change of the Popera Alto glacier in the Sesto Dolomites using LiDAR and Structure from Motion surveys, and analyzes its evolution in terms of surface cover and geomorphic processes. The glacier has lost an average of 0.35 m water equivalent per year over the past 16 years, with active modification of its surface cover by geomorphic processes. The role of debris and local topography feedback has allowed the resilience of the glacier, leading to a marked difference between the current environmental equilibrium line altitude (envELA) and the effective ELA (effELA) of the glacier.
Article
Geography, Physical
Zhenzhen Yan, Yaolin Shi, Lili Kang, Xiangtao Fan
Summary: This study proposes a quantitative regional deformation model based on global positioning system (GPS) data to quantitatively analyze the morphological evolution of rivers in the Three Rivers Region. It finds that tectonic deformation phases significantly control regional landscape development and drainage features.
Article
Geography, Physical
Said Mukhtar Ahmad, Nitheshnirmal Sadhasivam, Mona Lisa, Luigi Lombardo, Mustafa Kemal Emil, Amira Zaki, Cees J. Van Westen, Islam Fadel, Hakan Tanyas
Summary: In this study, we investigated a large slow-moving landslide in Northern Pakistan, using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analysis. Our results showed that the crown of the landslide is moving faster than the surrounding regions, while the footslope experienced high deformations. We discussed the possible roles of meteorologic and anthropogenic factors in causing these deformations.
Article
Geography, Physical
Shuang Bian, Xibin Tan, Yiduo Liu, Suoya Fan, Junfeng Gong, Chao Zhou, Feng Shi, Michael A. Murphy
Summary: The Yarlung River's drainage divide is primarily moving north due to variations in precipitation across the Himalayas. The Gangdese drainage divide shows predominantly northward and southward migration, controlled by base-level rise and downstream influences. The presence of north-trending rifts separates the drainage divides into five zones, each with a distinct migration pattern.
Article
Geography, Physical
Joon-Young Park, Seok Yoon, Deuk-Hwan Lee, Seung-Rae Lee, Hwan-Hui Lim
Summary: This study developed a multiple-regression model to estimate site-specific average growth rates of debris flow events. The proposed model was validated through a case study and showed reasonable predictions of debris flow velocities and heights.
Article
Geography, Physical
Nicholas Reilly Mccarroll, Arnaud Temme
Summary: New geochronological data from hillslope boulder armor in the Flint Hills reveal the rates and timing of lateral retreat in the landscape. Surfaces of limestone boulders dating back to the Pleistocene era were found, and the ages of the hillslope armor increased with distance from the limestone bench. The estimated rate of lateral retreat in this landscape is 0.02 mm/yr.
Article
Geography, Physical
Xinbo Yao, Yuntao Tian
Summary: By studying the Longmenshan-Minshan drainage divide, we found that it has reached a dynamic steady state, indicating a balance between erosion and rock uplift. This study also reveals the process of formation and evolution of the divide and raises questions about the effectiveness of divide migration metrics.
Article
Geography, Physical
Junhui Yu, Pin Yan, Yanlin Wang, Guangjian Zhong, Changliang Chen
Summary: The seafloor mounds in the Chaoshan Depression of the South China Sea are identified as mud volcanoes, with fluids coming from underlying mud-fluid diapirs. The hydrocarbon gases feeding the mud volcanoes and diapirs are reasoned to originate from deep Mesozoic source rocks, indicating significant Mesozoic hydrocarbon potential in the Chaoshan Depression.
Article
Geography, Physical
Marius Huber, Luc Scholtes, Jerome Lave
Summary: This paper investigates the relationships between hillslope stability and fabric anisotropy of brittle rock materials and the implications for landscape shaping. It explores the different stability modes and movement characteristics of anisotropic materials, and demonstrates the significant control of material anisotropy on landscape shaping.
Article
Geography, Physical
Shubhra Sharma, Anil D. Shukla
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between glacial dynamics and lake sedimentation during the mid-Holocene climate variability in the Southern Zanskar ranges. It utilizes geomorphological disposition, elemental geochemistry, and optical chronology of relict lake sediment to reconstruct the pattern of minor glacier responses to climate variability. The results indicate six centennial to millennial-scale climatic phases, with warmer phases represented by decreased mineralogical fine grain flux and increased coarse grain flux. The study highlights the potential of relict lake sediment and para/peri-glacial landforms in understanding glacial dynamics and climate change during the Holocene.
Article
Geography, Physical
Jean-Francois Bernier, Sydney W. Meury, Patrick Lajeunesse
Summary: In this study, an approach combining various data and observation methods was proposed to improve the monitoring of landfast ice dynamics and its geomorphic impact on sedimentary systems. The results demonstrate the ability of the approach to accurately measure interannual variations in landfast ice and constrain geomorphic changes. Additionally, the study found a strong relationship between the severity of freezing seasons and the response of landfast ice to hydrometeorological events, with different geomorphic responses observed under different winter conditions.
Article
Geography, Physical
Heping Shu, Fanyu Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between susceptibility of soil-water hazards and human activities, geoheritage sites in the Loess Plateau, China. Landslide and gully erosion susceptibility were obtained using gradient boosting and support vector machines, and a hazard matrix was formed to couple landslide and gully erosion susceptibility. The study found different trends in the magnification times of soil-water hazards chain under different scenarios.
Article
Geography, Physical
Guangqiang Qian, Zhuanling Yang, Xuegang Xing, Zhibao Dong, Youyuan Guo
Summary: Granule ripples are aeolian landforms armored against erosion by coarse grains. This study investigates their seasonal morphological evolution and migration in the Sanlongsha Dune Field. The findings show that wind events, especially those exceeding the threshold velocities of coarse grains, significantly influence the morphodynamics of granule ripples. The study highlights the importance of considering the reptation and saltation of coarse grains in future research on granule ripples.