Article
Geography, Physical
Gregory J. Retallack
Summary: Research in the southern Karoo Basin of South Africa from the Late Permian to the Middle Triassic shows evidence of at least four atmospheric carbon dioxide spikes coinciding with extinctions on land and at sea. These extinctions correlate with extreme greenhouse spikes of carbon dioxide and transient episodes of warmer and more humid climate, causing respiratory distress for vertebrates and wetland plants. This provides worst-case scenarios for modern global climate change.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Reolid, W. Ruebsam, M. J. Benton
Summary: The Early Jurassic Jenkyns Event had a significant impact on terrestrial ecosystems, especially in terms of changes in plant species and the emergence of new sauropodomorph and theropod clades characterized by increasing body size.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ziyao Fang, Xiaoqing He, Guijie Zhang, Xiaolin Zhang, Yanan Shen, Liping Qin
Summary: Research analyzing Cr isotopes in marine rocks in southern China revealed changes in Cr isotope compositions during the late Permian, possibly related to oceanic anoxia. The negative excursion values following the extinction horizon may indicate the expansion of oceanic anoxia, while persistent negative values in the Early Triassic suggest a prolonged recovery period for the ocean.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xu Dai, Zhiwei Yuan, Arnaud Brayard, Mingtao Li, Xiaokang Liu, Enhao Jia, Yong Du, Huyue Song, Haijun Song
Summary: The late Smithian crisis had a severe impact on nekto-pelagic organisms like ammonoids, triggering global biotic and environmental changes. In the Nanpanjiang Basin, the first major biotic crisis and turnover occurred during the late Smithian period, rather than at the Smithian/Spathian boundary. These biotic changes were concurrent with oxygen depletion, supporting the hypothesis that oceanic anoxia played a role in the late Smithian crisis along with climate cooling and oceanic acidification.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jochen Knies, Jasmin Schonenberger, Horst Zwingmann, Roelant van der Lelij, Morten Smelror, Per Erik Vullum, Marco Bronner, Christoph Vogt, Ola Fredin, Axel Muller, Stephen E. Grasby, Benoit Beauchamp, Giulio Viola
Summary: This study reveals that intense continental chemical alteration occurred during the Early Triassic period due to an accelerated hydrological cycle. Although the enhanced ocean nutrient supply did not trigger increased ocean productivity, the recovery from ocean nutrient stress began around 10 million years after the mass extinction, when global upwelling systems and ocean mixing were revitalized.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biology
Andrzej S. Wolniewicz, Yuefeng Shen, Qiang Li, Yuanyuan Sun, Yu Qiao, Yajie Chen, Yi-Wei Hu, Jun Liu
Summary: This study reports a new species - Prosaurosphargis yingzishanensis gen. et sp. nov. - from the Early Triassic of South China, representing the earliest known occurrence of the Sauropterygia clade. A phylogenetic analysis confirms saurosphargids as a part of sauropterygians, forming a clade with eosauropterygians and excluding placodonts. The classification of several Sauropterygia species from the Early and Middle Triassic, such as Atopodentatus, Hanosaurus, Majiashanosaurus, and Corosaurus, is also clarified.
Article
Geography, Physical
Sarah J. Beith, Calum P. Fox, John E. A. Marshall, Jessica H. Whiteside
Summary: The end-Triassic extinction (ETE) is associated with rapid atmospheric CO2-driven warming, anoxia in water columns, and H2S toxicity in the photic zone in the Western Tethys. This has hindered the swift recovery of ecosystems in several British basins. The need for a global characterization of redox changes across different extinction events is highlighted.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Haijun Song, Huyue Song, Jinnan Tong, Gwyneth W. Gordon, Paul B. Wignall, Li Tian, Wang Zheng, Thomas J. Algeo, Lei Liang, Ruoyu Bai, Kui Wu, Ariel D. Anbar
Summary: The study reveals major fluctuations in the Early Triassic calcium cycle through analyzing calcium isotopes. Three distinct episodes of decreasing conodont delta Ca-44/40 were observed, possibly influenced by factors such as global warming, oceanic anoxia, and intensified continental weathering.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Long Cheng, Benjamin C. Moon, Chunbo Yan, Ryosuke Motani, Dayong Jiang, Zhihui An, Zichen Fang
Summary: The discovery of Pomolispondylus biani in the Early Triassic Nanzhang-Yuan'an Fauna extends the known range of Saurosphargiformes and increases taxic and ecological diversity. Despite its small size and occupying a different ecological niche compared to previously found species, the overall food web structure of this fauna is notably different from Middle Triassic and later ecosystems, suggesting it represents a transitional stage during recovery.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yong Du, Huyue Song, Jinnan Tong, Thomas J. Algeo, Zhe Li, Haijun Song, Jiandong Huang
Summary: The study analyzed isotope records from the Lower Triassic in the Chaohu area of Anhui Province, revealing fundamental changes during the Early Triassic recovery period, including evolution of marine plankton community composition, productivity rates, and trophic web structure.
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Cindy V. Looy, Johanna H. A. van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, Ivo A. P. Duijnstee
Summary: Throughout their 420-million-year history, Lycopodiopsida have mainly played a subordinate role in the landscape, with exceptions such as the dominance of arborescent Lepidodendrales in peat swamps during the Pennsylvanian period. The widespread proliferation of sub-arborescent Isoetales during and after the Permo-Triassic terrestrial biosphere crisis indicates their unique physiological and life-history traits enabling them to thrive during environmental crises, but also highlighting their low productivity and diversity compared to the communities they replaced.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Y. D. Sun, S. Richoz, L. Krystyn, S. E. Grasby, Y. L. Chen, D. Banerjee, M. M. Joachimski
Summary: The study of the Lilang Super Group in the Spiti area of the Indian Himalaya reveals environmental changes during the Early Triassic, with shifts in carbon and organic carbon isotope ratios reflecting changes in sedimentary and paleontological evidence. Anoxic conditions in the early stages later transitioned to well-oxygenated sediments, coinciding with a decrease in terrestrial input.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qingxiang Du, Guangsu Li, Zuozhen Han, Xiaoli Shen
Summary: The Jiefangcun Formation in the Yanbian area was previously thought to be Permian in age but is now confirmed to have been deposited during the Middle Triassic. The study indicates that the Angaran and Cathaysian floras did not disappear after the Permo-Triassic mass extinction but recovered in the Middle Triassic period. The sedimentary analysis also suggests a weak degree of weathering from an intermediate-felsic igneous source and deposition in micro-saline water under an arid climate.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Huyue Song, Shixue Hu, Michael Benton, Dayong Jiang
Summary: This article examines the end Permian to Middle Triassic interval, which witnessed a significant marine mass extinction and delayed recovery. The focus is on Triassic marine sediments in South China, providing unique documentation of the collapse and recovery of marine ecosystems. Several papers analyze different fossils and their ecological significance, while others study biostratigraphy, reconstruct paleoenvironments, and link records to volcanic eruptions.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jack Salisbury, Darren R. Grocke, H. D. R. Ashleigh Cheung, Lee R. Kump, Tom McKie, Alastair Ruffell
Summary: Despite the extensive use of sulphur isotope ratios (delta S-34) for understanding ancient biogeochemical cycles, this study focuses on generating an 80 million-year Permian-Triassic delta S-34(evap) curve and incorporating it into a sulphur isotope box model. The model reveals three significant pyrite burial events in the Triassic and predicts a substantial increase in pyrite burial across the end-Permian mass extinction, possibly driven by Siberian Traps volcanism.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
