期刊
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 7, 期 9, 页码 2596-2603出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00248
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; breath; pediatrics; discovery; biomarkers
资金
- National Institutes of Health [R61-DH105594, R01-AI103280, R21AI123808, R21-AI130584]
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
Analysis of breath samples revealed six volatile organic compounds significantly increased in the breath of children infected with SARS-CoV-2, with high accuracy for distinguishing infection. These biomarkers support the ongoing development of novel breath-based diagnostics for pediatric COVID-19.
SARS-CoV-2 infection is diagnosed through detection of specific viral nucleic acid or antigens from respiratory samples. These techniques are relatively expensive, slow, and susceptible to false-negative results. A rapid noninvasive method to detect infection would be highly advantageous. Compelling evidence from canine biosensors and studies of adults with COVID-19 suggests that infection reproducibly alters human volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles. To determine whether pediatric infection is associated with VOC changes, we enrolled SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected children admitted to a major pediatric academic medical center. Breath samples were collected from children and analyzed through state-of-the-art GCxGC-ToFMS. Isolated features included 84 targeted VOCs. Candidate biomarkers that were correlated with infection status were subsequently validated in a second, independent cohort of children. We thus find that six volatile organic compounds are significantly and reproducibly increased in the breath of SARS-CoV-2 infected children. Three aldehydes (octanal, nonanal, and heptanal) drew special attention, as aldehydes are also elevated in the breath of adults with COVID-19. Together, these biomarkers demonstrate high accuracy for distinguishing pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and support the ongoing development of novel breath-based diagnostics.
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