Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorenzo Pistelli, Francesca Parisi, Michele Correale, Federica Cocuzza, Francesca Campanella, Tommaso de Ferrari, Pasquale Crea, Rosalba De Sarro, Olga La Cognata, Simona Ceratti, Tonino Recupero, Gaetano Ruocco, Alberto Palazzuoli, Egidio Imbalzano, Giuseppe Dattilo
Summary: Heart failure is a complex condition affecting millions of people worldwide, with significant impacts on morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Over the past 50 years, numerous therapeutic options have been developed based on a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. The recent inclusion of sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors as first-line therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in the European Society of Cardiology guidelines highlights the potential benefits of these drugs in reducing hospitalizations and mortality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daobo Li, Yingying Liu, Tesfaldet Habtemariam Hidru, Xiaolei Yang, Yunsong Wang, Cheng Chen, Ka Hou Christien Li, Yuqi Tang, Yushan Wei, Gary Tse, Yunlong Xia
Summary: Background hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL). Some studies have reported that Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) can prevent AF/AFL, but others haven't. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between SGLT2i use and lower risks of AF/AFL.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yinyuan You, Yu Zhao, Mujuan Chen, Ying Pan, Zhenhui Luo
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of empagliflozin on serum uric acid levels in diabetic patients. The results showed that empagliflozin could reduce serum uric acid levels, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in diabetic patients. However, it did not significantly affect HbA1c levels and other parameters. Empagliflozin was more effective than placebo, sitagliptin, and dapagliflozin in reducing uric acid levels.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sushravya Raghunath, John M. Pfeifer, Alvaro E. Ulloa-Cerna, Arun Nemani, Tanner Carbonati, Linyuan Jing, David P. Van Maanen, Dustin N. Hartzel, Jeffery A. Ruhl, Braxton F. Lagerman, Daniel B. Rocha, Nathan J. Stoudt, Gargi Schneider, Kipp W. Johnson, Noah Zimmerman, Joseph B. Leader, H. Lester Kirchner, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Ashraf Hafez, Christopher W. Good, Brandon K. Fornwalt, Christopher M. Haggerty
Summary: Deep learning can predict new-onset atrial fibrillation from the 12-lead ECG in patients without a previous history of AF, thereby helping to identify individuals at risk for AF-related strokes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maciej T. Wybraniec, Kamil Gorny, Kamil Jablonski, Julia Jung, Kiryl Rabtsevich, Przemyslaw Szyszka, Fabian Wesolek, Karolina Bula, Malgorzata Cichon, Wojciech Wrobel, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec
Summary: Unlike AF, AFl has a lower pharmacological cardioversion efficacy and higher rate of electrical cardioversion use. AFl patients have a longer hospitalization time, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, and more pronounced cardiovascular risk factors compared to AF patients. The efficacy of amiodarone in pharmacological cardioversion is significantly lower in AFl patients than in AF patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jibin Wang, Xiaotai Wu
Summary: This study focuses on automatic detection of arrhythmias using BiLSTM and BiGRU network modules with feature recalibration approach, achieving high accuracy of 99.2% and 99.3% respectively, demonstrating great potential for various computer vision tasks.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nikolaos Karamichalakis, Vasileios Kolovos, Ioannis Paraskevaidis, Elias Tsougos
Summary: Atrial arrhythmias are common in patients with diabetes mellitus, and despite advancements in treatment, they still have a significant impact on mortality and morbidity. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have shown potential protective effects against atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. This review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying atrial arrhythmias in diabetes, and discusses recent data from experimental studies, trials, and meta-analyses.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dimitrios Sfairopoulos, Tong Liu, Nan Zhang, Gary Tse, George Bazoukis, Konstantinos Letsas, Christos Goudis, Haralampos Milionis, Apostolos Vrettos, Panagiotis Korantzopoulos
Summary: SGLT2i therapy is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of AF and AF/AFL in patients with HFrEF, with empagliflozin showing better results and shorter duration of treatment (<1.5 years) also having a risk-reducing effect.
HEART FAILURE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jien-Jiun Chen, Fu-Chun Chiu, Sheng-Nan Chang, Hsiao-Liang Cheng, Pang-shuo Huang, Cho-Kai Wu, Yi-Chih Wang, Juey-Jen Hwang, Chia-Ti Tsai
Summary: This pioneer study investigated the impact of pre-existing left atrial appendage occluder (LAAO) on atrial fibrillation (AF) substrates and outcomes of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Results showed that LAAO may modulate left atrial substrate and induce peridevice fibrosis, peridevice left atrial flutter, and complex fractionate atrial electrogram.
Article
Physiology
Jia-hui Li, Hai-yang Xie, Yan-qiao Chen, Zhong-jing Cao, Qing-hui Tang, Xiao-gang Guo, Qi Sun, Jian Ma
Summary: The study aimed to describe the incidence of AF in patients with typical AFL after CTI ablation and found that obstructive sleep apnea, advanced interatrial block, left atrial diameter > 42 mm, and CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score > 2 were independent risk factors for new-onset AF.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Armin Luik, Kerstin Schmidt, Annika Haas, Laura Unger, Panagiotis Tzamalis, Bernd Brueggenjuergen
Summary: The treatment of atrial tachycardia following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is often challenging, but new ablation approaches have shown promising results. However, long-term data on the freedom from any atrial tachycardia or any arrhythmia are still limited. This study presents 12-month success and mean 30 month follow-up data of catheter ablation of left atrial tachycardia, demonstrating high long-term clinical success rates with individual ablation strategies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Bode, Lukas Semmler, Christian U. Oeing, Alessio Alogna, Gabriele G. Schiattarella, Burkert M. Pieske, Frank R. Heinzel, Felix Hohendanner
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia often associated with heart failure. Clinical trials have shown that treatment with sodium-glucose linked transporter inhibitors (SGLTi) can improve mortality and hospitalization rates in heart failure patients, with a potential reduction in AF incidence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Prabhsimran Kaur, Bidwan Sekhar Behera, Sandeep Singh, Anjana Munshi
Summary: Diabetes, a major cause of death worldwide, is currently treated with various strategies that often come with side effects. The new approach of SGLT2 inhibition shows promising results in controlling glucose levels with minimal adverse effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beata Uzieblo-Zyczkowska, Agnieszka Kaplon-Cieslicka, Marek Kiliszek, Monika Gawalko, Monika Budnik, Katarzyna Starzyk, Beata Wozakowska-Kaplon, Ludmila Danilowicz-Szymanowicz, Damian Kaufmann, Maciej Wojcik, Robert Blaszczyk, Jaroslaw Hiczkiewicz, Katarzyna Lojewska, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec, Maciej T. Wybraniec, Katarzyna Kosmalska, Marcin Fijalkowski, Anna Szymanska, Aleksandra Gos, Maciej Haberka, Michal Kucio, Blazej Michalski, Karolina Kupczynska, Anna Tomaszuk-Kazberuk, Katarzyna Wilk-Sledziewska, Renata Wachnicka-Truty, Marek Kozinski, Pawel Burchardt, Pawel Krzesinski
Summary: Increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with a higher risk of left atrial thrombi (LATs) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (NV AF/AFl). Patients with higher BMI more frequently presented clinical factors potentially provoking LATs, such as non-paroxysmal AF/AFl, hypertension, and diabetes, but they also showed some features negatively related to thromboembolic risk. However, in this large real-life cohort of AF/AFl patients, abnormal BMI did not increase the incidence of LATs, possibly due to a balanced composition regarding the prevalence of positive and negative thromboembolic risk factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hasan Ashraf, Pradyumna Agasthi, Anusha Shanbhag, Ramila A. Mehta, Pattara Rattanawong, Mohamed Allam, Sai Harika Pujari, Farouk Mookadam, William K. Freeman, Komandoor Srivathsan, Dan Sorajja, Win-Kuang Shen, Peter A. Noseworthy, Eric H. Yang, Hicham Z. El Masry, Xiaoxi Yao, Siva K. Mulpuru, Nirat Beohar, David R. Holmes, Reza Arsanjani
Summary: This study found that inappropriate underdosing of DOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation did not decrease the risk of bleeding, systemic embolization, or all-cause mortality. In particular, inappropriate underdosing of apixaban was associated with increased all-cause mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Anesthesiology
Eugene Wang, Emilie P. Belley-Cote, Jack Young, Henry He, Haris Saud, Frederick D'Aragon, Kevin Um, Waleed Alhazzani, Joshua Piticaru, Matthew Hedden, Richard Whitlock, C. David Mazer, Hessam H. Kashani, Sarah Yang Zhang, Amanda Lucas, Nicholas Timmerman, Cameron Nishi, Davinder Jain, Aaron Kugler, Chris Beaver, Shelley Kloppenburg, Sam Schulman, Flavia K. Borges, Morvarid Kavosh, Chihiro Wada, Sabrina Lin, Serena Sibilio, Mandy Lauw, Alexander Benz, Wojciech Szczeklik, Arastoo Mokhtari, Eric Jacobsohn, Jessica Spence
Summary: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, perioperative benzodiazepine use was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative delirium and was found to decrease intraoperative awareness. Previously observed relationships between benzodiazepine use and delirium may be explained by comparisons with dexmedetomidine.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Reema Shah, Steven Orlov, Guillaume Pare, Hertzel C. Gerstein
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the association of thyroid function and thyroid hormone replacement with cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk individuals. The study found that subclinical hypothyroidism predicts future cardiovascular events and mortality in high-risk individuals.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Emil Wolsk, Brian Claggett, Rafael Diaz, Kenneth Dickstein, Sibylle Hess, Lars Kober, Aldo P. Maggioni, John J. V. McMurray, Jeffrey L. Probstfield, Matthew C. Riddle, Jean-Claude Tardif, Marc A. Pfeffer
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pooria Ahmadi, Arian Afzalian, Arash Jalali, Saeed Sadeghian, Farzad Masoudkabir, Alireza Oraii, Aryan Ayati, Sepehr Nayebirad, Parmida Sadat Pezeshki, Masoumeh Lotfi Tokaldani, Akbar Shafiee, Mohammad Mohammadi, Elham Sanei, Masih Tajdini, Kaveh Hosseini
Summary: This study analyzed the ECG parameters and abnormalities in 7630 adults aged 35 and above. It found gender and age differences in ECG abnormalities, with a higher prevalence in males and older individuals.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Zhuoru Li, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Seungjae Baek, Kelley R. H. Branch, Stefano Del Prato, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Renato D. Lopes, Richard Pratley, Julio Rosenstock, Naveed Sattar
Summary: In the AMPLITUDE-O trial, adding either 4 mg or 6 mg weekly of efpeglenatide reduced major adverse cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes. The benefits of efpeglenatide appear to be dose-related.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Naveed Sattar, John McMurray, Jan Boren, Araz Rawshani, Elmir Omerovic, Niklas Berg, Janita Halminen, Kristoffer Skoglund, Bjorn Eliasson, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Darren K. McGuire, Deepak Bhatt, Aidin Rawshani
Summary: The goal of this study was to analyze the trends in cardiovascular events and cardiometabolic risk factor levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and matched control subjects. The results showed a decreasing trend in the risk and rates of atherosclerotic complications and heart failure in individuals with T2D, although the incidence of heart failure has plateaued in recent years. Modifiable risk factors within target levels were associated with lower risks for outcomes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Shun-Fu Lee, Guillaume Pare, M. Angelyn Bethel, Helen M. Colhoun, Anastasia Hoover, Mark Lakshmanan, Yanzhu Lin, Valentino Pirro, Hui-Rong Qian, Giacomo Ruotolo, Lars Ryden, Jonathan M. Wilson, Kevin L. Duffin
Summary: The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and is associated with changes in certain protein biomarkers such as N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) that are also associated with MACE.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fady T. Botros, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Raleigh Malik, Claudia Nicolay, Anastasia Hoover, Ibrahim Turfanda, Helen M. Colhoun, Jonathan E. Shaw
Summary: Dulaglutide (DU) 1.5 mg was found to improve kidney function and reduce the risk of negative kidney-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. It was observed that DU reduced the occurrence of sustained eGFR decline and slowed the decline in eGFR slope. These effects were consistent among different subgroups.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arjun K. Pandey, Nitish K. Dhingra, Avinash Pandey, Pankaj Puar, Shamon Ahmed, Raj Verma, C. David Mazer, Javed Butler, Mitesh Badiwala, Terrence M. Yau, Bobby Yanagawa, Deepak L. Bhatt, Subodh Verma
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rosain N. Stennett, Kristi B. Adamo, Sonia S. Anand, Harpreet S. Bajaj, Shrikant Bangdiwala, Dipika Desai, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Sujane Kandasamy, Farah Khan, Scott A. Lear, Sarah D. McDonald, Tayler Pocsai, Paul Ritvo, Andrea Rogge, Karleen M. Schulze, Diana Sherifali, Jennifer C. Stearns, Gita Wahi, Natalie C. Williams, Michael A. Zulyniak, Russell J. de Souza
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and participant acceptability of a culturally tailored, personalised nutrition intervention on the glucose area under the curve in pregnant women of South Asian ancestry with gestational diabetes risk factors. A total of 190 South Asian pregnant women will be enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups to observe the changes in their glucose levels. Findings will be disseminated through scientific publications and community-orientated strategies.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Linda S. Johnson, Alexandra Maneheim, Magdalena Slusarczyk, Agnieszka Grotek, Olga Witkowska, Justinas Bacevicius, Leif Sornmo, Marek Dziubinski, Sanjeev Bhavnani, Jeffrey S. Healey, Gunnar Engstrom
Summary: This study found that using 24-hour ECG data can effectively predict the detection of atrial fibrillation in extended cardiac monitoring. It is safe to avoid long-term monitoring in 20% of the population, but repeated or extended monitoring is still necessary for the remaining 80%.
ANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Sumathy Rangarajan, Martin O'Donnell, Weihong Hu, Gilles Dagenais, Andreas Wielgosz, Scott A. Lear, Li Wei, Rafael Diaz, Alvaro Avezum, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Fernando Lanas, Sumathi Swaminathan, Manmeet Kaur, K. Vijayakumar, Viswanathan Mohan, Rajeev Gupta, Andrzej Szuba, Romaina Iqbal, Rita Yusuf, Noushin Mohammadifard, Rasha Khatib, Nafiza Mat Nasir, Kubilay Karsidag, Annika Rosengren, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Jephat Chifamba, Antonio Dans, Khalid F. Alhabib, Karen Yeates, Koon Teo, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Salim Yusuf
Summary: A healthy diet score based on fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, and whole-fat dairy is associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke in a global population. This score exhibits stronger associations with death or CVD compared to other common diet scores.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Rajibul Mian, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Kelley R. H. Branch, Stefano Del Prato, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Renato D. Lopes, Richard Pratley, Julio Rosenstock, Naveed Sattar
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of MACE and composite kidney outcome across eGFR and UACR levels, and to determine whether efpeglenatide's effect varies with these indices. The results showed that eGFR, UACR, and KDIGO category have different relationships to incident cardiovascular and kidney outcomes, and the beneficial effect of efpeglenatide on these outcomes is independent of kidney-related risk category.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lorenzo Bachi, Hesam Halvaei, Cristina Perez, Alba Martin-Yebra, Andrius Petrenas, Andrius Solosenko, Linda Johnson, Vaidotas Marozas, Juan Pablo Martinez, Esther Pueyo, Martin Stridh, Pablo Laguna, Leif Sornmo
Summary: This article proposes an ECG simulator that incorporates time-varying signal characteristics to model arrhythmias and noise. The simulator is realistic and has potential applications in data augmentation for machine learning.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arjun Pandey, Iva Okaj, Simarpreet Ichhpuniani, Brendan Tao, Hargun Kaur, Jessica D. Spence, Jack Young, Jeff S. Healey, P. J. Devereaux, Kevin J. Um, Alexander P. Benz, David Conen, Richard P. Whitlock, Emilie P. Belley-Cote, William F. McIntyre
Summary: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery, associated with poor prognosis. This study assessed the performance of risk scores in predicting POAF and found that the existing clinical risk scores only offer moderate prediction for POAF. Better models are needed for risk stratification in cardiac surgery patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)