Article
Cell Biology
Chang Li, Aurora Wu, Kevin Song, Jeslyn Gao, Eric Huang, Yongsheng Bai, Xiaoming Liu
Summary: This study explores the causal effects of miRNAs on the severity of COVID-19, identifying two high-confidence miRNAs that may have causal effects on developing severe cases of COVID-19. By utilizing miRNA eQTL data, potential miRNA biomarkers are identified to assist in better and earlier diagnoses and risk assessments of severe COVID-19 cases.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jiannan Lv, Lianghua Wu, Sheng Sun, Huifang Yu, Zekai Shen, Jun Xu, Jiahao Zhu, Dingwan Chen, Minmin Jiang
Summary: Using the two-sample Mendelian randomization design, this study explored the causal relationship between smoking, alcohol consumption, and frailty. The results suggest that smoking is a causal risk factor for frailty, while alcohol consumption may have a negative association with frailty, although further research is needed to determine causality.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hongzhan Jiang, Yi Li, Jiali Shen, Huihui Lin, Siyue Fan, Rongliang Qiu, Jiaxi He, Ende Lin, Lijuan Chen
Summary: This study used Mendelian randomization methodology to investigate the causative impact of smoking on thyroid cancer incidence. The results did not find evidence of a causative link between smoking exposure and elevated incidence rates of thyroid malignancies.
Article
Immunology
Zengbin Li, Guixian Zhu, Xiangye Lei, Liqiong Tang, Guangyao Kong, Mingwang Shen, Lei Zhang, Lingqin Song
Summary: This study used a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal association between gut microbiome and COVID-19. It found that the gut bacteria Alloprevotella was causally associated with COVID-19 severity, and COVID-19 hospitalization led to an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum bacteria.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atish Gheware, Animesh Ray, Deeksha Rana, Prashant Bajpai, Aruna Nambirajan, S. Arulselvi, Purva Mathur, Anjan Trikha, Sudheer Arava, Prasenjit Das, Asit Ranjan Mridha, Geetika Singh, Manish Soneja, Neeraj Nischal, Sanjeev Lalwani, Naveet Wig, Chitra Sarkar, Deepali Jain
Summary: This study found significantly higher ACE2 protein expression in the lung tissues of deceased COVID-19 patients, which correlated with pathological changes and disease severity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satya Prakash Shukla, Kwang Bog Cho, Vineeta Rustagi, Xiang Gao, Xinping Fu, Shaun Xiaoliu Zhang, Bin Guo, D. Gomika Udugamasooriya
Summary: The study identified two ACE2-binding peptoid compounds that effectively block the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells. These compounds also showed efficacy against a mutant virus and were found to be safe without reducing ACE2 expression or enzyme activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Alvaro Hernaez, Robyn E. Wootton, Christian M. Page, Karoline H. Skara, Abigail Fraser, Tormod Rogne, Per Magnus, Pal R. Njolstad, Ole A. Andreassen, Stephen Burgess, Deborah A. Lawlor, Maria Christine Magnus
Summary: Smoking intensity in women is associated with increased infertility odds, while later smoking initiation and smoking cessation are linked to decreased infertility in women. However, the association between greater smoking intensity in men and infertility is not robust.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Darina Bacenkova, Marianna Trebunova, Tatiana Spakovska, Marek Schnitzer, Lucia Bednarcikova, Jozef Zivcak
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has ACE-2 identified as the receptor for viral entry and plays a key role in the cardiovascular system.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yufeng Xie, Yanfang Li, Jianmei Zhang, Yun Chen, Rong Ren, Lu Xiao, Min Chen
Summary: This study utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the causal role of blood metabolites in the risk of gout. It identified 14 metabolites, particularly hexadecanedioate, with a significant causal effect on gout. The findings suggest that examining specific blood metabolites could be a feasible strategy for screening individuals at a higher risk of gout.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Ching-Man Tang, Ching-Lung Cheung
Summary: This study found a causal relationship between host genetic susceptibility and increased risk of hypothyroidism in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there was no evidence to suggest a relationship between thyroid dysfunction or hormone levels and the risk of hospitalization or severe COVID-19.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wenhui Chen, Jia Feng, Shuwen Jiang, Jie Guo, XiaoLin Zhang, Xiaoguan Zhang, Cunchuan Wang, Yi Ma, Zhiyong Dong
Summary: Using two-sample Mendelian randomization, we found that obesity was causally associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anorexia nervosa, post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer's disease, but was negatively associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. Additionally, there were bidirectional causal relationships between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease, and obesity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Stanley Kam-Ki Lam, Ian Chi-Kei Wong, Jody Kwok-Pui Chu, Ching-Lung Cheung
Summary: Genetically determined higher education attainment and intelligence are significantly associated with COVID-19 outcomes. Education may act independently or in conjunction with intelligence to improve the outcomes of the pandemic.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Feihong Ren, Qiubai Jin, Qi Jin, Yiyun Qian, Xuelei Ren, Tongtong Liu, Yongli Zhan
Summary: This study reveals the causal relationships between gut microbiota (GM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as GM and chronic systemic inflammation in CKD. It also expands the knowledge on specific causal gut microbiota. These causal gut microbiota may have the potential to serve as new biomarkers for targeted prevention of CKD and chronic systemic inflammation in CKD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chen Yao, Roby Joehanes, Rory Wilson, Toshiko Tanaka, Luigi Ferrucci, Anja Kretschmer, Holger Prokisch, Katharina Schramm, Christian Gieger, Annette Peters, Melanie Waldenberger, Carola Marzi, Christian Herder, Daniel Levy
Summary: The study conducted a large-scale epigenome-wide association analysis on DNA methylation and gene expression in whole blood of around 6000 individuals from four cohorts, identifying CpG sites associated with gene expression and a causal link between hypomethylation and lower expression of CHRNA5 with increased risk of COPD and lung cancer.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ching-Man Tang, Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Ching-Lung Cheung
Summary: This study found that individuals with COVID-19 experienced cognitive impairment after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The genetic liability to SARS-CoV-2 infection was causally associated with lower cognitive performance, possibly mediated by systemic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junyi Xin, Mulong Du, Xia Jiang, Yanling Wu, Shuai Ben, Rui Zheng, Haiyan Chu, Shuwei Li, Zhengdong Zhang, Meilin Wang
Summary: The study identified a large number of SNP-piRNA pairs through eQTL analysis and established a user-friendly database. This is important for the research community to understand the roles of genetic variants and piRNAs in cancer development.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haiyan Chu, Junyi Xin, Qi Yuan, Yanling Wu, Mulong Du, Rui Zheng, Hanting Liu, Shaowei Wu, Zhengdong Zhang, Meilin Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that long-term exposure to PM2.5 may increase the risk of colorectal cancer and this risk could potentially be modulated by genetic variants.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Zheng, Mulong Du, Yuqiu Ge, Fang Gao, Junyi Xin, Qiang Lv, Chao Qin, Yao Zhu, Chengyuan Gu, Mengyun Wang, Qiuyuan Zhu, Zheng Guo, Shuai Ben, Haiyan Chu, Dingwei Ye, Zhengdong Zhang, Meilin Wang
Summary: The study identified a low-frequency variant, rs28898617, in the UGT1A3 gene that is significantly associated with bladder cancer risk, specifically in the Asian population. The risk-associated allele G of rs28898617 led to increased expression of UGT1A3, promoting proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells and enhancing tumor growth. Mechanistically, UGT1A3 induced LAMC2 expression by binding CBP and promoting histone acetylation, contributing to the progression of bladder cancer.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Junyi Xin, Yanling Wu, Shuai Ben, Shuwei Li, Haiyan Chu, Meilin Wang, Molin Wang, Mingyang Song, Mulong Du, Zhengdong Zhang
Summary: The study identified prognostic biomarkers for left-sided and right-sided colorectal cancer patients through multi-omics data analysis, and established a side-specific colorectal cancer survival probability database to lay the foundation for personalized management.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Mulong Du, Joe G. N. Garcia, Jason D. Christie, Junyi Xin, Guoshuai Cai, Nuala J. Meyer, Zhaozhong Zhu, Qianyu Yuan, Zhengdong Zhang, Li Su, Sipeng Shen, Xuesi Dong, Hui Li, John N. Hutchinson, Paula Tejera, Xihong Lin, Meilin Wang, Feng Chen, David C. Christiani
Summary: The study identified genetic diversity in ARDS between Europeans and African Americans, with rs7967111 at 12p13.2 being functionally associated with ARDS susceptibility in Europeans. The results suggest that comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease, elevated levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-10 increase ARDS risk, while vitamin D supplementation and vasodilator use ameliorate risk.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Silu Chen, Shuai Ben, Junyi Xin, Shuwei Li, Rui Zheng, Hao Wang, Lulu Fan, Mulong Du, Zhengdong Zhang, Meilin Wang
Summary: piRNAs are novel small ncRNAs that play important roles in tumorigenesis through various biological regulatory mechanisms. They have been used as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and show great potential for clinical utility. However, more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of piRNAs in cancer.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Qianwen Liu, Zhaozhong Zhu, Peter Kraft, Qiaolin Deng, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, Xia Jiang
Summary: This study found a genetic correlation between PCOS and obesity-related traits, including adult BMI, childhood BMI, and WHR. Cross-trait meta-analysis identified shared loci between PCOS and obesity-related traits. Mendelian randomization supported the causal role of adult BMI and childhood BMI in PCOS, but not WHR or WHRadjBMI. These findings provide insights into the shared genetic basis of obesity and PCOS and emphasize the role of weight management in PCOS prevention.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Junyi Xin, Xia Jiang, Shuai Ben, Qianyu Yuan, Li Su, Zhengdong Zhang, David C. Christiani, Mulong Du, Meilin Wang
Summary: The study found significant associations between circulating vitamin E and increased bladder cancer risk and decreased breast cancer risk in European populations. However, these causal effects were not replicated in the validation stage using the UK Biobank cohort, indicating non-causal associations between circulating vitamin E and ten common cancers. Further studies on ancestral diversity are needed to confirm such associations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bowen Tang, Yunzhang Wang, Xia Jiang, Madhav Thambisetty, Luigi Ferrucci, Kristina Johnell, Sara Hagg
Summary: The study found that genetic variation in sulfonylurea targets was associated with a lower risk of AD, and an association between genetic variations in the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue target and a lower risk of AD was also observed. Results regarding other drug classes were inconclusive, warranting further research.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qianwen Liu, Bowen Tang, Zhaozhong Zhu, Peter Kraft, Qiaolin Deng, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, Xia Jiang
Summary: The genetic link between type 2 diabetes, glycaemic traits and PCOS was found, influenced by both biological pleiotropy and causal mediation, some of which is independent of BMI. The study highlights the importance of controlling fasting insulin levels to mitigate the risk of PCOS, as well as screening for and monitoring type 2 diabetes in all women with PCOS, irrespective of BMI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shuai Yuan, Xue Li, Qianwen Liu, Zhe Wang, Xia Jiang, Stephen Burgess, Susanna C. Larsson
Summary: This study conducted an updated mendelian randomization study to explore the associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and leisure screen time (LST) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results suggest causal associations of MVPA and LST with T2DM, which appear to be mediated by obesity, lean mass, and chronic low-grade inflammation.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wan-Ting Hsu, Yu-Ting Lee, Jasmine Tan, Yung-Han Chang, Frank Qian, Kuei-Yu Liu, Jo-Ching Hsiung, Chia-Hung Yo, Sung-Chun Tang, Xia Jiang, Chien-Chang Lee
Summary: Hsu et al. conducted a genome-wide association study on headaches in East Asians, which revealed that a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs8072917) of the RNF213 gene is the causal variant for broadly defined headaches. This study also found associations between the causal variant and other medical conditions such as cellulitis, neck and face abscesses, and muscular symptoms. This research sheds light on the genetic architecture of headaches in individuals of East Asian ancestry and has potential implications for the development of genetic tests and treatments.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Jingjing Zhu, Zheng Niu, Lars Alfredsson, Lars Klareskog, Leonid Padyukov, Xia Jiang
Summary: This study did not find evidence supporting a causal association between genetically predicted reproductive factors and the risk of RA. Results remained consistent after adjusting for potential confounding traits and conducting sensitivity analyses. Despite using a large set of instruments, these instruments only explained a modest proportion of phenotypic variance of exposures.
ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)