Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Polyxeni Spiliopoulou, Spyridon Methenitis, Nikolaos Zaras, Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki, Maria Krekoukia, Stavroula Tsitkanou, Gerasimos Terzis
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the best surrogate of quadriceps hypertrophy by evaluating the four muscle heads of the quadriceps femoris using ultrasonography. The results suggest that changes in muscle hypertrophy in the vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius can significantly predict overall quadriceps hypertrophy in response to resistance training.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Yuxiao Guo, Eleanor J. Jones, Thomas B. Inns, Isabel A. Ely, Daniel W. Stashuk, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Kenneth Smith, Jessica Piasecki, Bethan E. Phillips, Philip J. Atherton, Mathew Piasecki
Summary: Despite males typically exhibiting greater muscle strength and fatigability than females, this study found sex-based differences in neuromuscular recruitment strategies. Females produce muscle force through smaller motor units discharging at higher rates. However, both sexes show similar strategies in increasing force production from low- to mid-level contractions.
Article
Orthopedics
Conglei Dong, Ming Li, Kuo Hao, Chao Zhao, Kang Piao, Wei Lin, Chongyi Fan, Yingzhen Niu, Wang Fei
Summary: In patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, atrophy of the vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis muscles was found in sections 0-20 mm above the upper pole of the patella, with the atrophy of the vastus medialis obliquus being more pronounced than that of the vastus lateralis muscle.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joey S. J. Smeets, Astrid M. H. Horstman, David P. J. van Dijk, Astrid G. M. van Boxtel, Joost F. ter Woorst, Steven W. M. Olde Damink, Olaf E. M. G. Schijns, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: This study revealed that post-absorptive muscle protein synthesis rates are higher in the rectus abdominis compared to the vastus lateralis, while there was no significant difference in synthesis rates between the vastus lateralis and pectoralis major or temporalis muscles. Sampled muscle tissue protein synthesis rates obtained during surgery may not necessarily reflect appendicular skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Marion Crouzier, Francois Hug, Frances T. Sheehan, Natalie J. Collins, Kay Crossley, Kylie Tucker
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in the torque distribution between the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis in adolescents with and without patellofemoral pain. The results showed that there was no decreased contribution of the vastus medialis to knee extension torque in adolescents with patellofemoral pain compared to controls.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Theresa Domroes, Gunnar Laube, Sebastian Bohm, Adamantios Arampatzis, Falk Mersmann
Summary: The study investigated the applicability of a simplified approach for muscle volume assessment in early-adolescent boys, showing that a cohort-specific shape factor should be used, as muscle volumes assessed with this factor were not significantly different from measured volumes.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Bryan Yu, Walter Herzog
Summary: The study aimed to determine the in vivo operating range of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle during speed skating imitation and compare it to the muscle's force-length relationship. The results showed that the VL muscle works at sub-optimal length during the gliding phase of skating, but at optimal length for maximal force production during the crucial pushoff phase.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Marta Kulich, Gabriel Gomez, Daniel Kwon
Summary: Fibromatosis colli (FC) is a fibroblastic contracture of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that causes a neck mass and torticollis. Most cases can be resolved with conservative measures, but surgery may be needed for persistent disease. This case study presents a novel application of the innervated vastus lateralis free flap for complete excision and reconstruction of a large FC in a 4-year-old patient who did not respond to conservative treatment or surgical release.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sergio Perez, Alex A. Olmos, Stephanie A. Sontag, Mandy E. Parra, Hannah L. Dimmick, Adam J. Sterczala, Jonathan D. Miller, Jake A. Deckert, Trent J. Herda, Michael A. Trevino
Summary: This study examined the effects of cycling training on the MMG(MDF)-torque relationships of the vastus lateralis. The results showed that after 10 weeks of cycling training, different motor unit control strategies were observed between sexes and between muscle actions for the vastus lateralis during a moderate-intensity contraction.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shi-en Fu, Rou-mei Wang, Xing-huan Liang, Jing Xian, Jie Pan, Xue-lan Chen, Cheng-cheng Qiu, Zhi-ping Tang, Ying-fen Qin, Hai-yan Yang, Li-li Huang, Ya-qi Kuang, Yan Ma, Zuo-jie Luo
Summary: This study evaluated CTM in patients with hyperthyroidism using ultrasound and identified cutoff values for ultrasonic muscle parameters for CTM diagnosis. The findings suggest that ultrasound measurement of muscular parameters, especially in the VM, is a valid and feasible way of diagnosing and characterizing possible CTM in hyperthyroidism.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jonathan Dayan, Tal Melkman-Zehavi, Naama Reicher, Ulrike Braun, Vivienne Inhuber, Sameer J. Mabjeesh, Orna Halevy, Zehava Uni
Summary: Optimal embryonic development and growth of meat-type chickens rely on incubation conditions, nutrients and energy resources within the egg. Dynamic changes in energy metabolism during the last phase of incubation may affect embryonic survival, hatchlings' quality and post hatch performance, hence being of great importance to poultry production.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Fang Qiu, Xiaodong Liu, Yilin Xu, Lijun Shi, Xinjun Sheng, Chen Chen
Summary: This study compares the neural adaptations in motor unit properties between sprinters and nonathletes and demonstrates the potential of EMG decomposition in physiological investigations.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Mario Parstorfer, Francesca Profit, Nadine Weiberg, Michaela Wehrstein, Alexander Barie, Birgit Friedmann-Bette
Summary: This study investigated satellite cell content and function of the vastus lateralis muscle after anterior ligament reconstruction. The findings showed that satellite cell apoptosis increased while the total satellite cell number decreased post-reconstruction, suggesting a potential explanation for prolonged quadriceps muscle atrophy.
JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alfredo Bravo-Sanchez, Pablo Abian, Jorge Sanchez-Infante, Paula Esteban-Gacia, Fernando Jimenez, Javier Abian-Vicen
Summary: This study evaluated the reliability of four methods for assessing vastus lateralis (VL) stiffness and found that myotonometry and tensiomyography (TMG) showed the best inter-day reliability. Myotonometry stiffness values were influenced by structural variables, while significant correlations were found between myotonometry and VL thickness, adipose tissue thickness, and superficial connective tissue thickness.
Article
Physiology
Maximiliano Espinosa-Ramirez, Eduardo Moya-Gallardo, Felipe Araya-Roman, Santiago Riquelme-Sanchez, Guido Rodriguez-Garcia, W. Darlene Reid, Gines Viscor, Oscar F. Araneda, Luigi Gabrielli, Felipe Contreras-Briceno
Summary: This study found that during incremental physical exercise, women experienced a more significant decrease in oxygen saturation in respiratory muscles, while men showed a more significant decrease in oxygen saturation in locomotor muscles. Women had a higher cost of breathing, while men had a higher peripheral load.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ella S. Smith, Alannah K. A. McKay, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Rachel Harris, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Trent Stellingwerff, Louise M. Burke
Summary: Despite the increasing participation and popularity of women's sports, female-specific research in sports science and sports medicine has not kept pace, with studies historically focusing more on men due to the complexity of female physiology. Recognizing the potential problems with translating research findings from men to women, efforts are being made to address the gender disparity in SSSM research. By conducting audits of existing literature, gaps in knowledge and areas for improvement can be identified to guide future research and ultimately achieve gender equity in SSSM studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Alannah K. A. McKay, Trent Stellingwerff, Ella S. Smith, David T. Martin, Inigo Mujika, Vicky L. Goosey-Tolfrey, Jeremy Sheppard, Louise M. Burke
Summary: This paper presents a 6-tiered Participant Classification Framework that can be used to classify individuals with different exercise backgrounds and athletic abilities. The framework can be applied prospectively and retrospectively in research, providing uniformity in classification practices.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alannah K. A. Mckay, Peter Peeling, David B. Pyne, Nicolin Tee, Jamie Whitfield, Avish P. Sharma, Ida A. Heikura, Louise M. Burke
Summary: Short-term adherence to a low carbohydrate high fat (LCHF) diet can have small but unfavorable effects on immune, inflammatory, and iron-regulatory responses to exercise. Restricting carbohydrates, rather than energy availability, may have greater negative impacts on athlete health.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jason C. Siegler, Amelia J. Carr, William T. Jardine, Lilia Convit, Rebecca Cross, Dale Chapman, Louise M. Burke, Megan Ross
Summary: The study found that under resting conditions, both sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate induce a greater plasma hypervolemic response compared to water alone.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Mark A. Hearris, Jamie N. Pugh, Carl Langan-Evans, Stephen J. Mann, Louise Burke, Trent Stellingwerff, Javier T. Gonzalez, James P. Morton
Summary: We investigated the effects of different forms of carbohydrate intake on exogenous carbohydrate oxidation, gastrointestinal discomfort, and exercise capacity. The results showed that the peak rates of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation and oxidation efficiency were not significantly different across the different forms of carbohydrate intake. Participants reported minimal symptoms of gastrointestinal distress regardless of the form of carbohydrate intake. Additionally, exercise capacity was not significantly affected by the different forms of carbohydrate intake. These findings suggest that consuming 120 g/h of carbohydrate is a well-tolerated strategy to promote high carbohydrate availability during exercise.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Oliver M. Shannon, Jason D. Allen, Raul Bescos, Louise Burke, Tom Clifford, Chris Easton, Javier T. Gonzalez, Andrew M. Jones, Kristin L. Jonvik, Filip J. Larsen, Peter Peeling, Barbora Piknova, Mario Siervo, Anni Vanhatalo, Kerry McGawley, Simone Porcelli
Summary: This study used the modified Delphi technique to gather the consensus of 12 expert panel members on the use of dietary nitrate as an ergogenic aid. The panel agreed on 39 statements (17.6%) out of 222, with the majority of statements receiving a vote of insufficient evidence. The study provides recommendations for the use of dietary nitrate as an ergogenic aid, taking into account factors such as aerobic fitness and safe dosage.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ella S. Smith, Alannah K. A. McKay, Megan Kuikman, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Rachel Harris, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Trent Stellingwerff, Louise M. Burke
Summary: Although sports nutrition guidelines promote evidence-based practice, it is unclear whether women have been adequately included in the underpinning research. Female participants were underrepresented in studies on performance supplements, and there is a lack of research specifically designed to compare sex-based responses. Interestingly, a higher proportion of female participants were classified as international/world-class athletes. Most studies focused on performance outcomes and had poorer representation of women, while studies with a health focus had a higher proportion of female participants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andy J. King, Naroa Etxebarria, Megan L. Ross, Laura Garvican-Lewis, Ida A. Heikura, Alannah K. A. McKay, Nicolin Tee, Sara F. Forbes, Nicole A. Beard, Philo U. Saunders, Avish P. Sharma, Stephanie K. Gaskell, Ricardo J. S. Costa, Louise M. Burke
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different carbohydrate supply strategies on athletes using a multi-pronged approach. The results showed improved gastrointestinal function after exercise, but the changes were likely clinically insignificant. Additionally, increasing carbohydrate intake did not confer additional advantages in performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bronwen Lundy, Monica K. Torstveit, Thomas B. Stenqvist, Louise M. Burke, Ina Garthe, Gary J. Slater, Christian Ritz, Anna K. Melin
Summary: A questionnaire-based screening tool (LEAM-Q) for male athletes at risk of low energy availability (LEA) was developed, and it was found that low sex drive was the most effective self-reported symptom in identifying male athletes requiring further clinical assessment for LEA.
Article
Physiology
Amelia J. Carr, Brent S. Vallance, Jessica Rothwell, Anna E. Rea, Louise M. Burke, Joshua H. Guy
Summary: This study documents the strategies executed by Australian endurance athletes during the Tokyo 2021 Olympic Games, which focused on heat acclimation/acclimatization, cooling, and nutritional strategies. It found that these strategies may have contributed to the successful race outcomes achieved by the race walkers.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nikita C. Fensham, Ida A. Heikura, Alannah K. A. McKay, Nicolin Tee, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Louise M. Burke
Summary: This study compared the effects of low energy availability and carbohydrate restriction on bone metabolism. The results showed that short-term carbohydrate restriction led to reduced bone formation markers, while exercise increased bone resorption. A diet providing adequate energy and carbohydrates was found to reduce the negative impact of exercise on bone turnover in elite endurance athletes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ricardo J. S. Costa, Pascale Young, Samantha K. Gill, Rhiannon M. J. Snipe, Stephanie Gaskell, Isabella Russo, Louise M. Burke
Summary: Strenuous exercise can disturb gastrointestinal integrity and function, leading to systemic immune responses and exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptoms. The accuracy of translating study outcomes into practical applications and future research design is affected by substantial experimental limitations. Improving methodological quality is crucial for accurate interpretation of research findings and safe practice guidelines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Carissa Gardiner, Jonathon Weakley, Louise M. Burke, Gregory D. Roach, Charli Sargent, Nirav Maniar, Andrew Townshend, Shona L. Halson
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of caffeine on sleep characteristics, finding that it reduced total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and deep sleep, while increasing sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset. The study provides evidence-based recommendations, suggesting that caffeine should be consumed at least 8.8 hours before bedtime to avoid negative effects on sleep.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Jamie Whitfield, Louise M. Burke, Megan L. R. Ross, Nicolin Tee, Avish P. Sharma, Andy J. King, Ida A. Heikura, Aimee Morabito, Alannah K. A. McKay
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Alannah K. A. Mckay, Nicolin Tee, Megan L. R. Ross, Louise M. Burke
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)