Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Shali Matuja, Joshua Ngimbwa, Lilian Andrew, Jemima Shindika, Goodluck Nchasi, Anna Kasala, Innocent Kitandu Paul, Mary Ndalahwa, Akili Mawazo, Fredrick Kalokola, Patrick Ngoya, Ladius Rudovick, Semvua Kilonzo, Bahati Wajanga, Fabian Massaga, Samuel E. Kalluvya, Patricia Munseri, Mohamed A. Mnacho, Kigocha Okeng'o, Henrika Kimambo, Mohamed Manji, Paschal Ruggajo, Tumaini Nagu, Rashid Ali Ahmed, Faheem Sheriff, Karim Mahawish, Halinder Mangat, Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh, Deanna Saylor, Robert Peck
Summary: This study describes the clinical characteristics, quality of care, and outcomes of stroke patients in urban Northwestern Tanzania. The findings highlight the poor in-hospital outcomes of stroke patients in this region and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension for stroke prevention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Negin Nazarian, Jason K. W. Lee
Summary: To address the challenges of urban heat, a 'human-centric' approach is essential, focusing on personalized characteristics of comfort and health. Current research emphasizes systematic review of personalized urban heat studies, with a need for future evaluations to focus on data accuracy and addressing knowledge gaps.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cheng He, Liguo Zhou, Youru Yao, Weichun Ma, Patrick L. Kinney
Summary: This study found that in the greater Boston region, urban trees had a higher and more stable cooling rate compared to the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area, where the cooling rate was lower and more fluctuated. The spatial configuration of urban trees for promoting cooling effect differed between the two areas, with Boston requiring more dispersed planting and Baltimore-Washington needing more clustered planting, especially as the background land surface temperature increased. Additionally, the difference in cooling rates between the two areas could be attributed to the difference in wind speed, despite being in the same climate zone.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keisuke Suzuki, Hiroki Yamaga, Hirokazu Ohtaki, Satoshi Hirako, Kazuyuki Miyamoto, Motoyasu Nakamura, Kaoru Yanagisawa, Takuya Shimada, Tomohiko Hosono, Hitoshi Hashimoto, Kazuho Honda, Kenji Dohi
Summary: Heat stroke is a life-threatening illness caused by high ambient temperatures and humidity. This study found that PACAP knockout mice showed greater resistance to heat exposure compared to wild-type mice, possibly due to lower activity of temperature-sensitive neurons and differences in heat production mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Moniek Zuurbier, Joris Adriaan Frank van Loenhout, Amanda le Grand, Frans Greven, Frans Duijm, Gerard Hoek
Summary: Elevated indoor temperatures during warm episodes have been observed to be higher at night and lower during the day compared to outdoor temperatures. Building characteristics and outdoor temperatures play a significant role in determining indoor temperatures, with dwellings built before 1930 and rooms on the top floor associated with higher indoor temperatures. Outdoor greenery has been linked to lower indoor temperatures in bedrooms.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jiayan Li, Ranhao Sun, Ting Liu, Wei Xie, Liding Chen
Summary: The study aims to identify the effects of landscape patterns and anthropogenic heat on UHI intensity during daytime and nighttime as well as in different seasons. Results showed that the presence of buildings is the main factor affecting UHI intensity in urban areas for three seasons except summer. The contribution of anthropogenic heat was low in all seasons due to its high correlation with non-monolayer buildings.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Zhang, Yuchen Wang, Nan Ding
Summary: This study investigates the impact of landscape patterns of urban green spaces on urban thermal environments. The findings show that patches with different vegetation densities have varying spatial effects on land surface temperature. Important landscape metrics for regulating the thermal environment are identified, providing insights for urban green space planning and climate management strategies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Shi, Benjamin F. Hobbs, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Darryn W. Waugh, Anna A. Scott, Yumo Zhang
Summary: The combination of heat waves, urban heat island (UHI) and urban heat archipelago (UHA) effects can have negative impacts on the health of city residents, with low-income communities being the most affected. Fixed and mobile sensor approaches are commonly used for intra-urban temperature monitoring, but there is limited research on how network designs can impact the information collected. This study in Baltimore, MD, found that vehicle-based mobile monitoring may not capture all urban thermal environments, while single-event measurement campaigns may not accurately capture spatial temperature variations. Efficient designs for fixed sensor networks can significantly improve temperature monitoring in urban areas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tong Li, Ying Xu, Lei Yao
Summary: This study investigated the impact of urban function and landscape structure on the urban heat island (UHI) effect in the metropolitan region of Beijing. The results revealed significant temperature gradients between different urban function zones (UFZs) in different seasons, with surface biophysical factors playing a key role in influencing seasonal land surface temperature (LST).
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jingwen Liu, Blesson M. Varghese, Alana Hansen, Ying Zhang, Timothy Driscoll, Geoffrey Morgan, Keith Dear, Michelle Gourley, Anthony Capon, Peng Bi
Summary: This study reviews the association between heat exposure and cardiovascular disease outcomes, finding a significant positive correlation between high temperatures/heatwaves and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Women, individuals aged 65 and older, those living in tropical climates, and individuals in lower-middle income countries are at a higher risk. The findings emphasize the need for evidence-based prevention measures to mitigate the adverse effects of high temperatures on cardiovascular health.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Simon Dietzel, Sandra Rojas-Botero, Johannes Kollmann, Christina Fischer
Summary: Roads can lead to pollution, habitat degradation, and fragmentation. Recent studies suggest that roadside vegetation can enhance plant and insect diversity. However, the factors driving the effects of roadside vegetation on pollinator abundance and pollination require further investigation.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joyce Yang, Lei Zhao, Keith Oleson
Summary: Urban climates are becoming hotter and drier due to climate change, which increases heat stress. However, the combined impact of urbanization and climate change on humid heat and adaptation is still unclear.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark Angelo Purio, Tetsunobu Yoshitake, Mengu Cho
Summary: Changes in urban environments are driven by urbanization and population growth, necessitating universal access to green and public spaces. This study utilizes satellite and meteorological data to assess intra-urban heat islands in Manila City, conducting temperature measurements, land use indicator analysis, spatial analysis, heat island mapping, and proposing intervention suggestions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kanghyun Lee, Robert D. Brown
Summary: This study aims to explore the impact of urban landscape and sociodemographic characteristics on heat-related health issues and identify spatial inequalities for vulnerable groups. The results indicate that heat-related health problems are alleviated in areas with more green spaces, but worsened in areas with high percentages of impervious surface, older populations, non-white populations, populations without high school diplomas, or unemployed populations. Therefore, prevention strategies targeting different areas and groups should be implemented to address these issues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emanuele Massaro, Rossano Schifanella, Matteo Piccardo, Luca Caporaso, Hannes Taubenboeck, Alessandro Cescatti, Gregory Duveiller
Summary: The population experiencing high temperatures in cities is increasing due to anthropogenic climate change, settlement expansion, and population growth. However, there is a lack of efficient tools to evaluate potential intervention strategies to reduce population exposure to Land Surface Temperature (LST) extremes. In this study, a spatial regression model based on remote sensing data is implemented to assess population exposure to LST extremes in urban environments. The findings show that urban vegetation plays a significant role in decreasing population exposure to LST extremes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Toshimi Nakajima, Mao Kuragano, Makoto Yamada, Ryo Sugimoto
Summary: This study compared the contribution of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to river nutrient budgets at nearshore and embayment scales, and found that SGD-derived nutrients become more important at larger spatial scales.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Liu, Lei Zhang, Chongyang Zhang, Ziguang Chen, Jingguang Li
Summary: NO2 emissions from wall-mounted gas stoves used for household heating have become a significant source of indoor pollution in Chinese urban areas. The high indoor concentration of NO2 poses potential health risks to residents. It is urgently necessary to establish relevant regulations and implement emission reduction technologies to reduce NO2 emissions from wall-mounted gas stoves.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Letter
Environmental Sciences
Hans Peter H. Arp, Raoul Wolf, Sarah E. Hale, Sivani Baskaran, Juliane Gluege, Martin Scheringer, Xenia Trier, Ian T. Cousins, Harrie Timmer, Roberta Hofman-Caris, Anna Lennquist, Andre D. Bannink, Gerard J. Stroomberg, Rosa M. A. Sjerps, Rosa Montes, Rosario Rodil, Jose Benito Quintana, Daniel Zahn, Herve Gallard, Tobias Mohr, Ivo Schliebner, Michael Neumann
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Philomina Onyedikachi Peter, Binessi Edouard Ifon, Francois Nkinahamira, Kayode Hassan Lasisi, Jiangwei Li, Anyi Hu, Chang-Ping Yu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in sediments from Yundang Lagoon, China. The results show four distinct fluorescent components, with protein-like substances being the most prevalent. Additionally, the total fluorescence intensity and LREE concentrations exhibit a synchronized increase from Outer to Inner to Songbai Lake core sediments. The findings demonstrate a strong correlation between DOM content and pollution levels.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Surya Gupta, Pasquale Borrelli, Panos Panagos, Christine Alewell
Summary: The objective of this study is to incorporate soil hydraulic properties into the erodibility factor (K) of USLE-type models. By modifying and improving the existing equations for soil texture and permeability, the study successfully included information on saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) into the calculation of K factor. Using the Random Forest machine learning algorithm, two independent K factor maps with different spatial resolutions were generated. The results show that the decrease in K factor values has a positive impact on the modeling of soil erosion rates.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jesmin Akter, Wendy J. M. Smith, Yawen Liu, Ilho Kim, Stuart L. Simpson, Phong Thai, Asja Korajkic, Warish Ahmed
Summary: The choice of workflow in wastewater surveillance has a significant impact on SARS-CoV-2 concentrations, while having minimal effects on HF183 and no effect on HAdV 40/41 concentrations. Certain components in the workflow can be interchangeable, but factors such as buffer type, chloroform, and homogenization speed can affect the recovery of viruses and bacteria.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Luo, Xueting Yang, Diwei Wang, Hongmei Xu, Hongai Zhang, Shasha Huang, Qiyuan Wang, Ningning Zhang, Junji Cao, Zhenxing Shen
Summary: Atmospheric PM2.5, which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), is associated with cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality. The study found that both the mass concentration of PM2.5 and the DTT activity were higher during the heating season than during the nonheating season. Combustion sources were the primary contributors to DTT activity during the heating season, while secondary formation dominated during the nonheating season. The study also revealed that biomass burning had the highest inherent oxidation potential among all sources investigated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Erin L. Murphy, Leah R. Gerber, Chelsea M. Rochman, Beth Polidoro
Summary: Plastic pollution has devastating consequences for marine organisms. This study uses a trait-based framework to develop a vulnerability index for marine mammals, seabirds, and sea turtles in Hawai'i. The index ranks 63 study species based on their vulnerability to macroplastic pollution, providing valuable information for species monitoring and management priorities.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kenji Maurice, Amelia Bourceret, Sami Youssef, Stephane Boivin, Liam Laurent-Webb, Coraline Damasio, Hassan Boukcim, Marc-Andre Selosse, Marc Ducousso
Summary: Growing pressure from climate change and agricultural land use is destabilizing soil microbial community interactions. Little is known about microbial community resistance and adaptation to disturbances, hindering our understanding of recovery latency and implications for ecosystem functioning. This study found that anthropic disturbance and natural disturbance have different effects on the topology and stability of soil microbial networks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunhao Li, Yali Feng, Haoran Li, Yisong Yao, Chenglong Xu, Jinrong Ju, Ruiyu Ma, Haoyu Wang, Shiwei Jiang
Summary: Deep-sea mining poses a serious threat to marine ecosystems and human health by disturbing sediment and transmitting metal ions through the food chain. This study developed a new regenerative adsorption material, OMN@SA, which effectively removes metal ions. The adsorption mechanism and performance of the material for metal ion fixation were investigated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Antonio Medici, Margherita Lavorgna, Marina Isidori, Chiara Russo, Elena Orlo, Giovanni Luongo, Giovanni Di Fabio, Armando Zarrelli
Summary: Valsartan, a widely used antihypertensive drug, has been detected in high concentrations in surface waters due to its unchanged excretion and incomplete degradation in wastewater treatment plants. This study investigated the degradation of valsartan and identified 14 degradation byproducts. The acute and chronic toxicity of these byproducts were evaluated in key organisms in the freshwater trophic chain.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiang Lin, Lianbao Chi, Qing Yuan, Busu Li, Mingbao Feng
Summary: This study investigated the photodegradation behavior and product formation of two representative pharmaceuticals in simulated estuary water. The study found that the formed transformation products of these pharmaceuticals have potential toxicity on marine organisms, including oxidative stress and damage to cellular components.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hua Fang, Dongdong Jiang, Ye He, Siyi Wu, Yuehong Li, Ziqi Zhang, Haoting Chen, Zixin Zheng, Yan Sun, Wenxiang Wang
Summary: This study revealed that exposure to lower levels of air pollutants led to decreased pregnancy rates, with PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO emerging as the four most prominent pollutants. Individuals aged 35 and above exhibited heightened susceptibility to pollutants.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali Shaan Manzoor Ghumman, Rashid Shamsuddin, Amin Abbasi, Mohaira Ahmad, Yoshiaki Yoshida, Abdul Sami, Hamad Almohamadi
Summary: In this study, inverse vulcanized polysulfides (IVP) were synthesized by reacting molten sulfur with 4-vinyl benzyl chloride, and then functionalized using N-methyl D-glucamine (NMDG). The functionalized IVP showed a high mercury adsorption capacity and a machine learning model was developed to predict the amount of mercury removed. Furthermore, the functionalized IVP can be regenerated and reused, providing a sustainable and cost-effective adsorbent.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rita Bonfiglio, Renata Sisto, Stefano Casciardi, Valeria Palumbo, Maria Paola Scioli, Erica Giacobbi, Francesca Servadei, Gerry Melino, Alessandro Mauriello, Manuel Scimeca
Summary: This study investigated the presence of aluminum in human colon cancer samples and its potential association with biological processes involved in cancer progression. Aluminum was found in tumor areas of 24% of patients and was associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell death. Additional analyses revealed higher tumor mutational burden and mutations in genes related to EMT and apoptosis in aluminum-positive colon cancers. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of aluminum toxicity may improve strategies for the management of colon cancer patients.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)