Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Gaogao Dong, Yanting Luo, Yangyang Liu, Fan Wang, Huanmei Qin, Andre L. M. Vilela
Summary: A network of networks is an important class of real coupled networks that portrays the interdependence and coexistence between complex systems. This study investigates the percolation behavior of large-scale network systems, a network of networks with different dependency patterns, under intentional attack with limited information. The results show the effects of coupling strength and the number of known nodes on percolation, critical threshold, and critical coupling strength, as well as a new scaling relationship between 1/p(c) and 1/n for different network configurations.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiarong Xie, Xiangrong Wang, Ling Feng, Jin-Hua Zhao, Wenyuan Liu, Yamir Moreno, Yanqing Hu
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of both direct and indirect influence in scientific collaboration networks and shows that indirect influence can play the dominant role in behavioral influence. They propose a percolation mechanism of indirect interactions called induced percolation and find unique properties and hybrid phase transitions in directed networks compared to undirected networks. They also present an analytical framework for further understanding network dynamics with indirect interactions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fan Wang, Gaogao Dong, Lixin Tian, H. Eugene Stanley
Summary: Percolation behavior and critical phenomena are important characteristics of complex networks. Studying the percolation behavior of finite components provides insights into the overall network from a microscopic perspective and offers a new approach to determine the critical threshold.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hengrui Chen, Ruiyu Zhou, Hong Chen, Albert Lau
Summary: This paper proposes a framework to evaluate the static and dynamic resilience of urban transportation systems and applies Bayesian network model and percolation theory for assessment. The results show a continuous growth trend of transportation resilience in Xi'an over the past decade, with the need to improve the system's restorative capacity, adaptive capacity, and resourcefulness.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Shuliang Wang, Zhaoyang Guo, Xiaodi Huang, Jianhua Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a novel three-stage analysis framework for investigating the resilience of power networks in the face of failures. The framework includes network modeling, resilience metrics, performance analysis, and evaluation. The study shows that degree-based attacks have the biggest impact on reducing network size, while betweenness-based attacks have the fastest decrease in network efficiency. The proposed approach provides valuable insights for decision-makers in developing mitigation techniques and optimal protection strategies.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Loreti, Enrico Ser-Giacomi, Andreas Zischg, Margreth Keiler, Marc Barthelemy
Summary: Research shows that floods have affected over 2 billion people globally from 1998 to 2017, with the occurrence expected to increase as a result of climate warming, population growth, and rapid urbanization. Previous studies on the resilience of transportation networks during floods have mainly used the framework of percolation, but this study demonstrates its inadequacy through a realistic high-resolution flood simulation. Instead, a new approach is proposed to partition the road network based on the accessibility of local towns and define new measures to characterize the impact of flooding. This analysis helps to identify key cities that provide critical services to a large number of individuals during floods, aiding practical risk management and resource allocation decisions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
F. Musciotto, S. Micciche
Summary: Network dismantling is a significant research field in network science, which focuses on prioritizing the removal of nodes that connect different network communities. The study shows that the dismantling performances are robust and not dependent on specific algorithms, allowing for the identification of multiple strategies with comparable effectiveness.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Prelovsek, M. Mierzejewski, J. Krsnik, O. S. Barisic
Summary: The dynamics in the standard model of many-body localization is confined to disconnected many-body clusters in the Fock space for strong disorders. The MBL transition is located via the universal cluster distribution and the emergence of the macroscopic cluster. The relaxation processes capture well the diffusion transport found in the full quantum model, with an anomalous transport emerging from weak links between MB states in a broad transient regime.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Federico Musciotto, Salvatore Micciche
Summary: Network dismantling has gained interest in various fields due to its efficiency in disrupting malicious activity. This study applies this approach to detect effective strategies for targeted attacks on Cosa Nostra by analyzing the collaboration network of affiliates. The study finds statistically significant patterns of homophily within the same mafia syndicate and highlights the importance of weak ties. It also shows that targeted attacks based on network centralities are more effective than random removal of nodes. A strategy considering collaboration with different mafia syndicates is as efficient as one based on node degree, without requiring complete knowledge of the underlying network.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. E. Ramirez, Bogar Diaz, C. Pajares
Summary: By studying the radial distribution function of color sources formed in hadronic collisions, we found systems where the difference between gas-liquid and confined-deconfined phase transition temperatures is small. This explains the experimentally observed liquid behavior of the quark-gluon plasma above the confined-deconfined transition temperature.
Article
Environmental Studies
Kees C. H. van Ginkel, Elco E. Koks, Frederique de Groen, Viet Dung Nguyen, Lorenzo Alfieri
Summary: This study assesses the robustness and potential tipping points of road networks in European countries in response to floods. It found that some countries are more vulnerable to flood impacts, but nationwide network fragmentation is less likely to occur compared to regional-scale tipping points. Implementing flood-proof measures in identified weak spots can result in quick benefits for national road operators.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Kamran Jalilpoor, Arman Oshnoei, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam
Summary: This paper aims to develop a linear two-stage optimization problem based on an attacker-defender resilient planning (AD-RP) model to improve the power system's operational and infrastructural resilience. The model consists of two stages: the first stage develops a stochastic model based on Monte-Carlo simulation to select the most vulnerable transmission system components, while the second stage carries out defense operations by hardening vulnerable lines and placing microgrids in appropriate locations to minimize load shedding and ensure transmission network resilience.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
J. Hell, P. Vespa, I. Cabodi, O. Citti, F. Fournet-Fayard, J. Fouletier, M. C. Steil
Summary: This study aims to define the key parameters and propose a mechanism for blistering of soda-lime-silica glass melts in contact with fused-cast zirconia-based refractories, highlighting the roles of oxygen semipermeability through the zirconia skeleton and temperature.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Rhoads, Albert Sole-Ribalta, Marta C. Gonzalez, Javier Borge-Holthoefer
Summary: Cities worldwide have utilized the COVID-19 pandemic to enhance pedestrian infrastructure, revealing an imbalance in public space distribution and proposing strategies to improve pedestrian environments.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Urban Studies
Elrasheid Elkhidir, Sandeeka Mannakkara, Theunis F. P. Henning, Suzanne Wilkinson
Summary: The establishment of a national resilience-knowledge network requires certain conditions, specific criteria for selecting suitable collaboration-partner cities, and appropriate mechanisms for knowledge transfer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yang Ye, Qingpeng Zhang, Zhidong Cao, Frank Youhua Chen, Houmin Yan, H. Eugene Stanley, Daniel Dajun Zeng
Summary: The surge in demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to global shortages, export restrictions, and shortage contagions in the global PPE trade network. The export restrictions play a critical role in determining the shortage contagion pattern, causing shortages to spread faster than the disease itself. Global cooperation and efforts are essential to prevent PPE shortages, while actions to reduce supply chain barriers and increase global PPE production are also necessary.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yue Liu, Lixin Tian, Huaping Sun, Xiling Zhang, Chuimin Kong
Summary: This study proposes applying carbon options for carbon management, achieving decision-making and strategy design for carbon asset management through model evaluation and analysis. Furthermore, it optimizes risk control for carbon-consuming enterprises by digital decision-making based on constantly updated market information.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Gaogao Dong, Nan Wang, Fan Wang, Ting Qing, Yangyang Liu, Andre L. M. Vilela
Summary: This study investigates the impact of memory and non-memory attack modes in network attacks, revealing that the failure of non-hub nodes is more destructive to the network system, making it more vulnerable. Additionally, the system shows better robustness under non-memory attacks compared to memory attacks, with memory attacks potentially blocking system connectivity more efficiently.
Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ryszard Kutner, Christophe Schinckus, Harry Eugene Stanley
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yi Yao, Lixin Tian, Guangxi Cao
Summary: The carbon emission trading market is an important policy tool to promote China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. Research on the relationship between the carbon market and other related markets is crucial for policy formulation and risk management. This study utilizes the Carbon-Energy-Stock system, connectedness network, and rolling window approach to analyze the information spillover and system connectivity. The results indicate that there is a relatively low information spillover effect between China's pilot carbon markets, energy market, and stock market. The study also identifies the role of different markets and their interconnections within the Carbon-Energy-Stock system.
Article
Mathematics
Ruijin Du, Qi Wu, Ziwei Nan, Gaogao Dong, Lixin Tian, Feifan Wu
Summary: Natural gas scarcity poses a significant risk to the global economy, particularly for the Belt and Road economies. The study assessed the embodied natural gas scarcity risks of B&R economies and constructed a transmission network. The findings show that natural gas scarcity can quickly spread and have a significant impact on key countries, downstream economies, and sectors.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mengrui Zhu, Hua Xu, Xingyu Gao, Minggang Wang, Andre L. M. Vilela, Lixin Tian
Summary: This study proposes a method for identifying abrupt transitions in the carbon market from the perspective of a complex network. By considering the influence of random factors on the carbon price series, a recurrence network of carbon price probability density is constructed. The method defines a break index and statistical test method based on the community structure. Empirical analysis shows that there are many abrupt transitions in the carbon price series of the two markets, which are closely related to major events.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Soroush Aalibagi, Hamidreza Mahyar, Ali Movaghar, H. Eugene Stanley
Summary: This article proposes a novel trust management mechanism for predicting the most reliable service providers in the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), reducing the risk of malicious nodes. The mechanism uses a flexible bipartite graph and a social network with nodes' centrality and similarity measures to extract trust behaviors. A matrix factorization technique is employed to mitigate data sparsity and cold start problems. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in predicting reliable service providers and its resilience to network attacks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gaogao Dong, Jing Zhang, Lixin Tian, Yang Chen, Mengxi Zhang, Ziwei Nan
Summary: This study constructs global virtual water scarcity risk (VWSR) transfer networks for 2001-2016 based on a multi-regional input-output model and complex network theory, and explores the determinants influencing the formation of VWSR transfer networks. The results indicate that VWSR transfer networks exhibit small-world and heterogeneous characteristics, with Asia and Europe being the main targets of transfers. China and the USA play a leading role in VWSR imports, while India is the largest exporter. The study provides valuable insights into the structural evolution of VWSR transfer networks and their formation determinants, informing policy makers in developing strategies to mitigate the spread of VWSR.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jing Ye, Lixin Tian, Yuwen Zhou
Summary: This paper constructs an evaluation system for the coordinated development of energy-economy-environment (3E) coupling and uses the coupling-coordination-degree model to measure the development of 3E in Jiangsu from 2010 to 2020. The results show that the level of coordination of 3E coupling has increased from initial maladjustment to intermediate coordinated development and is moving towards high-quality coordinated development. Additionally, there are regional differences in development, with southern and central Jiangsu generally having higher levels of development compared to northern Jiangsu.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wenbin Zhang, Zihao Tian, Lixin Tian, David Z. W. Wang
IEEE INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Min Fu, Xinyu Ye, Lixin Tian, Bingyue Wan
Summary: This paper studies an endogenous growth model driven by green behavior, introducing the absorption input of goods and the natural environment rebalancing input. It divides goods into three types based on their absorption proportion of carbon and incorporates environmental function, natural environment rebalancing capacity, goods absorption input, carbon reduction R&D, and technological progress as special production factors. Through system analysis and optimization, effective carbon rebalancing regulations for the economic system are determined, resulting in new endogenous growth laws. Empirical analysis based on the China Statistical Yearbook reveals that a necessary condition for absorption input at the economic level is 3.47848, with regulations promoting carbon rebalancing being fully effective when the absorption input exceeds or equals this boundary. Strengthening the absorption input of goods and the rebalancing input of the natural environment is crucial for achieving green development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Min Fu, Yixiang Zhang, Lixin Tian, Zaili Zhen
Summary: With the change of climate issues and the needs of economic development, the idea of practicing green and low-carbon behaviors sinks deeper and deeper into people's hearts. This paper constructs a new carbon social cost model by adding the impact of green low-carbon behavior. It discusses the optimal carbon policy for different climate states and explores the impact of rising temperatures on carbon price policies. The study provides theoretical and empirical reference for the government to formulate carbon price policies and promote the development of social green behavior.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jingqun Wang, Jiangen Liu, Lixin Tian
Summary: This paper focuses on the nonlinear fractional Schr & ouml;dinger equation. The result of Guo and Huo is extended and it is proved that the Cauchy problem of the nonlinear fractional Schr & ouml;dinger equation is globally well-posed in H3/2-?(R) with 1/2 = ? < 1. Due to the complexity of the nonlinear fractional Schr & ouml;dinger equation itself, the local smoothing effect and maximal function estimates are insufficient for presenting the global well-posedness. In this paper, a suitably iterative scheme is used to complete the global well-posed result for Equation (R). Furthermore, the orbital stability of standing waves for the above equations is obtained by establishing the profile decomposition of bounded sequences in H-s (R-N) (0 < s < 1) with N = 2.
FRACTAL AND FRACTIONAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Min Fu, Wensong Wu, Lixin Tian, Zaili Zhen, Jing Ye
Summary: This article explores the impact of high-tiered carbon tax policies on supply chain carbon reduction decisions and establishes cost-sharing models to analyze the relationship between members of the two-level supply chain. The results indicate that high-tiered carbon taxes can effectively alleviate the cost burden for producers and promote emission reduction.
