Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Hui Sam, Hua Ling, Wen Shan Yew, Zhaohong Tan, Sharada Ravikumar, Matthew Wook Chang, Louis Yi Ann Chai
Summary: Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) have divergent immunomodulatory propensities, with SCFA down-attenuating pro-inflammatory response through the TLR4 pathway, while MCFA augmenting inflammation through TLR2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shiqing Nie, Jichen Wang, Ye Deng, Zheng Ye, Yuan Ge
Summary: This study conducted a large-scale meta-analysis of the gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease (PD), revealing the changes in potential pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory bacteria, genes, and pathways associated with PD. It also established models based on the gut microbiome that can predict PD occurrence. The study provides further insights into the potential mechanisms of inflammation-based prediction and treatment of PD.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lin Li, Lifen Chen, Yuanyan Yang, Junqi Wang, Li Guo, Jingjing An, Xiaoyu Ma, Wenli Lu, Yuan Xiao, Xinqiong Wang, Zhiya Dong
Summary: This study explores the potential relationship between gut microbiota, their metabolites, and idiopathic short stature disease (ISS). By comparing the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) between children with ISS and those of normal height, the study shows that the composition of gut microbiota and the levels of its metabolites may be related to ISS pathogenesis. Specific strains with increased or decreased abundance could serve as biomarkers for diagnosing ISS.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Siyu Chen, Chao Yan, Wen Liu, Kecheng Chen, Limin Xing, Hua Li, Xingbo Zhao
Summary: The dominance hierarchy affects the microbial composition and metabolite levels in chickens, with higher ranking roosters showing more aggression and higher concentrations of short-chain fatty acids.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yuanhuan Wei, Jingjing Liang, Yixiang Su, Jue Wang, William Kwame Amakye, Jianliang Pan, Xinwei Chu, Bingjie Ma, Yanyan Song, Yan Li, Limei Mao, Zheqing Zhang
Summary: The study found that the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids are significantly associated with obesity and body fat distribution in the pediatric population, playing an important role in children's bodies.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yan Jun Li, Jin Ma, Yik Wen Loh, Steven J. Chadban, Huiling Wu
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of short-chain fatty acids on cellular pathways involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Short-chain fatty acids were found to provide protection against diabetic nephropathy in mice and exert anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects through direct effects on kidney cells. GPR43 and GPR109A were identified as critical factors in short-chain fatty acid mediated reno-protection and could be potential therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jibraan A. Fawad, Deborah H. Luzader, Gabriel F. Hanson, Thomas J. Moutinho Jr, Craig A. McKinney, Paul G. Mitchell, Kathleen Brown-Steinke, Ajay Kumar, Miri Park, Suengwon Lee, David T. Bolick, Greg L. Medlock, Jesse Y. Zhao, Andrew E. Rosselot, C. James Chou, Emily M. Eshleman, Theresa Alenghat, Christian Hong, Jason A. Papin, Sean R. Moore
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microbiota entrain intestinal epithelial circadian rhythms via an HDACi-dependent mechanism, which is critical for the regulation of intestinal epithelial homeostasis by microbial and circadian networks.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
N. T. Mueller, M. K. Differding, T. ostbye, C. Hoyo, S. E. Benjamin-Neelon
Summary: Cesarean section was associated with increased butyrate excretion, decreased levels of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides spp., and more colonization by pathobionts in the infant gut at 3 months of age. The altered gut microbiota composition was still present at 12 months, but faecal SCFAs levels were not significantly affected.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bo Li, Jun Zhang, Yong Chen, Qixia Wang, Li Yan, Rui Wang, Yiran Wei, Zhengrui You, Yikang Li, Qi Miao, Xiao Xiao, Min Lian, Weihua Chen, Dekai Qiu, Jingyuan Fang, M. Eric Gershwin, Ruqi Tang, Xiong Ma
Summary: The study revealed significant individual variability in the therapeutic effects of cholestyramine in icteric PBC patients. Differences in gut microbial composition and metabolites were observed between patients with superior remission (SR) and inferior remission (IR). Patients in the SR group showed enrichment of specific bacterial species producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while the IR group exhibited an increase in Klebsiella pneumonia.
Review
Immunology
Agnieszka Beata Malczewski, Natkunam Ketheesan, Jermaine I. G. Coward, Severine Navarro
Summary: The role of host immunity in regulating anti-tumour responses during checkpoint inhibitor therapy, particularly the impact of the microbiome and its metabolites, in enhancing responses to current CIT in solid tissue cancers, is the focus of this review. Various therapeutic approaches are being explored to modulate immunity and improve responses to current CIT, with a particular interest in monitoring bacterial metabolic products as a potential means of identifying patients at risk of poor immunotherapy responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kenneth J. O'Riordan, Michael K. Collins, Gerard M. Moloney, Emily G. Knox, Maria R. Aburto, Christine Fulling, Shane J. Morley, Gerard Clarke, Harriet Schellekens, John F. Cryan
Summary: The role of the intestinal microbiota in regulating gut-brain axis signaling has gained attention in recent years. Understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota, its metabolites, and the brain is crucial for developing new therapeutic approaches, including identifying psychobiotics. Current research focuses on the effects of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate, acetate, and propionate, on brain function, behavior, and physiology, and how these SCFAs enter the systemic circulation and can potentially impact the brain.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilia Nunzi, Giorgia Renga, Melissa Palmieri, Giuseppe Pieraccini, Marilena Pariano, Claudia Stincardini, Fiorella D'Onofrio, Ilaria Santarelli, Marina Maria Bellet, Andrea Bartoli, Claudio Costantini, Luigina Romani
Summary: The interaction between the microbiome and the immune system plays a crucial role in regulating the response to fungal infections, particularly Aspergillus fumigatus. By skewing the composition of lung microbiota towards protective anaerobes, such as Clostridia and Bacteroidota, it can enhance resistance to infection. Conversely, an unbalance between strict anaerobes and Proteobacteria is associated with increased susceptibility to aspergillosis, highlighting the functional intertwining of the immune system and microbiota during infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Lingjun Chen, Zhonghang Wang, Peng Wang, Xiaonan Yu, Haoxuan Ding, Zinan Wang, Jie Feng
Summary: This study revealed that zinc deficiency and excess can disrupt the gut microbiota in mice. Short-term low-Zn diets and long-term high-Zn diets had significant negative effects in a mouse model. Therefore, caution should be exercised in the provision and duration of zinc supplementation.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Canying Hu, Xueting Niu, Shengwei Chen, Jiaying Wen, Minglong Bao, Sahar Ghulam Mohyuddin, Yanhong Yong, Xiaoxi Liu, Lianyun Wu, Zhichao Yu, Xinbin Ma, Xianghong Ju
Summary: Heat stressed pigs exhibited significant changes in colon morphology, intestinal microbiota diversity, transcriptome genes, and SCFAs metabolism, leading to activation of immune response and inflammatory signal pathways, abnormal physiological and biochemical indexes, and intestinal mucosal damage. These changes are closely related to alterations in the levels of SCFAs, indicating the important role of intestinal microbiota and SCFAs in the pathogenesis of stress-induced IBD therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaolong Hu, Yuting Wei, Tianxiang Zhang, Xiaoguo Wang, Yongtao Xu, Weiwei Zhang, Yunlin Zheng
Summary: This study investigated the gut microbiome of sika deer by sampling feces or specific segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The results showed variations in microbial composition and SCFAs among different gastrointestinal sites, suggesting the significant influence of physiological characteristics on the microbial composition.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Jorgen Valeur, Trygve Hausken, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: This study found that FMT can increase the fecal SCFA levels in IBS patients. The increase in butyric acid is negatively correlated with symptoms in IBS patients, suggesting that SCFAs may play a role in the pathophysiology of IBS.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Christina Casen, Jorgen Valeur, Trygve Hausken, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: The study found no significant sex difference in the response to FMT among IBS patients, but for female patients with diarrhea-predominant symptoms, the efficacy of FMT is more pronounced.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristin J. Skaarud, Johannes R. Hov, Simen H. Hansen, Martin Kummen, Jorgen Valeur, Ingebjorg Seljeflot, Asta Bye, Vemund Paulsen, Knut E. A. Lundin, Marius Troseid, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Per Ole Iversen
Summary: After allo-HSCT, gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids were significantly reduced, with no significant differences between the intervention group and controls in investigated parameters. Patients with low microbial diversity at 3 weeks post-HSCT had significantly higher mortality rates, while those with higher abundance of Blautia genus were more likely to survive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jelena Zugic Soares, Jorgen Valeur, Jurate Saltyte Benth, Anne-Brita Knapskog, Geir Selbaek, Golchin Arefi, D. Gregor Gilfillan, Anita Tollisen, Nenad Bogdanovic, Renate Pettersen
Summary: This study found that patients with positive biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease have lower levels of vitamin D in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), despite sufficient levels in their serum. Moreover, certain gene polymorphisms are associated with a decline in cognitive ability.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarek Mazzawi, Trygve Hausken, Magdy El-Salhy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on colonic enteroendocrine cells densities in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The results showed significant changes in colonic enteroendocrine cells densities in the group of responders who received donor-FMT. However, the mechanisms behind the interaction between gut microbiota and colonic enteroendocrine cells still need further investigation.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Tarek Mazzawi, Trygve Hausken, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: This study investigated the factors affecting the response to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. The results showed that male patients and those with low fecal Alistipes levels are most likely to not respond to FMT treatment.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Tarek Mazzawi, Trygve Hausken, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in FMT response between patients with severe and moderate IBS symptoms. The results showed that patients with severe symptoms had a higher response rate to FMT and experienced significant improvement in fatigue and quality of life.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Renate Winkel, Christina Casen, Trygve Hausken, Odd Helge Gilja, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: According to this study, FMT performed according to the protocol resulted in high treatment response rates and long-term effects, with only a few mild self-limited adverse events.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy
Summary: The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains unknown, but abnormal intestinal bacterial profiles and low bacterial diversity appear to be important factors. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown that certain intestinal bacteria, including Alistipes spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Lactobacillus spp., may play a role in the pathophysiology of IBS. Additionally, changes in the abundance of these bacteria after FMT were correlated with IBS symptoms and fatigue severity.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Odd Helge Gilja, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: This article is linked to the paper by Yau et al. Click the link to view the article.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Magdy El-Salhy, Odd Helge Gilja, Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) protocol. The results showed that administering the transplant to the small intestine had a higher long-term response rate compared to the large intestine, and repeating the transplantation had a more significant impact on symptoms and quality of life.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
