Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingyun Yang, Wei Wang, Zimin Chen, Shuaiyao Lu, Fanli Yang, Zhenfei Bi, Linlin Bao, Fei Mo, Xue Li, Yong Huang, Weiqi Hong, Yun Yang, Yuan Zhao, Fei Ye, Sheng Lin, Wei Deng, Hua Chen, Hong Lei, Ziqi Zhang, Min Luo, Hong Gao, Yue Zheng, Yanqiu Gong, Xiaohua Jiang, Yanfeng Xu, Qi Lv, Dan Li, Manni Wang, Fengdi Li, Shunyi Wang, Guanpeng Wang, Pin Yu, Yajin Qu, Li Yang, Hongxin Deng, Aiping Tong, Jiong Li, Zhenling Wang, Jinliang Yang, Guobo Shen, Zhiwei Zhao, Yuhua Li, Jingwen Luo, Hongqi Liu, Wenhai Yu, Mengli Yang, Jingwen Xu, Junbin Wang, Haiyan Li, Haixuan Wang, Dexuan Kuang, Panpan Lin, Zhengtao Hu, Wei Guo, Wei Cheng, Yanlin He, Xiangrong Song, Chong Chen, Zhihong Xue, Shaohua Yao, Lu Chen, Xuelei Ma, Siyuan Chen, Maling Gou, Weijin Huang, Youchun Wang, Changfa Fan, Zhixin Tian, Ming Shi, Fu-Sheng Wang, Lunzhi Dai, Min Wu, Gen Li, Guangyu Wang, Yong Peng, Zhiyong Qian, Canhua Huang, Johnson Yiu-Nam Lau, Zhenglin Yang, Yuquan Wei, Xiaobo Cen, Xiaozhong Peng, Chuan Qin, Kang Zhang, Guangwen Lu, Xiawei Wei
Summary: A correction to this paper has been published.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fatemeh Askarian, Chih-Ming Tsai, Gabriele Cordara, Raymond H. Zurich, Elisabet Bjanes, Ole Golten, Henrik Vinther Sorensen, Armin Kousha, Angela Meier, Elvis Chikwati, Jack-Ansgar Bruun, Judith Anita Ludviksen, Biswa Choudhury, Desmond Trieu, Stanley Davis, Per Kristian Thoren Edvardsen, Tom Eirik Mollnes, George Y. Liu, Ute Krengel, Douglas J. Conrad, Gustav Vaaje-Kolstad, Victor Nizet
Summary: The study reveals the virulence role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) CbpD in PA pneumonia, which is related to the impairment of the host complement function and opsonophagocytic clearance. The research shows that a PAΔCbpD mutant is more easily cleared and causes less mortality compared to the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the study provides insights into the structure and immunogenicity of CbpD, laying the foundation for the development of novel and effective vaccine antigens.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Bertrand Bellier, Alicia Saura, Lucas A. Lujan, Cecilia R. Molina, Hugo D. Lujan, David Klatzmann
Summary: Developed a thermostable orally administered vaccine that induces a robust mucosal immune response and provides complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and hamsters.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jian Wang, Yu Wen, Shi-Hao Zhou, Hai-Wei Zhang, Xiao-Qian Peng, Ru-Yan Zhang, Xu-Guang Yin, Hong Qiu, Rui Gong, Guang-Fu Yang, Jun Guo
Summary: Conjugating the potent invariant natural killer T cell (iNKT) agonist alpha-Galactosylceramide (alpha GalCer) to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein resulted in a conjugate vaccine that induced stronger immune responses and cross-neutralization against various variants.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jixu Li, Eloiza May Galon, Huanping Guo, Mingming Liu, Yongchang Li, Shengwei Ji, Iqra Zafar, Yang Gao, Weiqing Zheng, Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Maria Agnes Tumwebaze, Byamukama Benedicto, Aaron Edmond Ringo, Tatsunori Masatani, Xuenan Xuan
Summary: The mutant strain based on gene disruption of dense granule protein 9 (gra9) reduced parasite replication, attenuated virulence in mice, and decreased cyst formation. Delta gra9 vaccination induced full immune responses with high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, maintaining T gondii-specific antibody levels, and providing complete protective immunity in mouse models. The vaccine proved to be immunogenic and potent, conferring 100% protection against acute and chronic T gondii challenges.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Junfei Wei, Venkatesh L. Hegde, Ananta V. Yanamandra, Madison P. O'Hara, Brian Keegan, Kathryn M. Jones, Ulrich Strych, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Bin Zhan, K. Jagannadha Sastry, Peter J. Hotez
Summary: Trichuriasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting the poorest populations. Researchers are developing a vaccine composed of Tm-WAP49 protein to be delivered through intranasal immunization. Preliminary results in a mouse model showed high levels of antibody response and significant reduction in worm burden. The addition of adjuvants further improved the vaccine efficacy, inducing robust cellular responses and long-term T cell memory.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ramin Mazhari, Eizo Takashima, Rhea J. Longley, Shazia Ruybal-Pesantez, Michael T. White, Bernard N. Kanoi, Hikaru Nagaoka, Benson Kiniboro, Peter Siba, Takafumi Tsuboi, Ivo Mueller
Summary: As progress is made towards eliminating malaria, the challenge of Plasmodium vivax becomes more apparent. In regions where both P. vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are co-endemic, the proportion of P. vivax cases has increased as transmission declines. The lack of advanced vaccines for P. vivax and limited potential candidates highlight the need for novel tools for accelerated elimination. In this study, researchers aimed to identify promising P. vivax proteins for a subunit vaccination approach by screening protein constructs and confirming previous results, as well as discovering four novel candidates with predicted protective efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhanye Ling, Huawei Zhang, Yingjin Chen, Leqiang Sun, Junlong Zhao
Summary: Porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) is a common pathogen that causes reproductive disorders in sows. The VP2 protein of PPV1 is immunogenic and can induce neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. This study successfully constructed a vector to increase the expression levels of VP2 protein and demonstrated its immunogenicity. The VP2 subunit vaccine showed high levels of antibody response and protective immunity in pigs, indicating its potential for the prevention and control of PPV1.
Article
Immunology
Li Chen, Haiwei Zhang, Moxuan Li, Bihao Wu, Zhe Zhang, Rui Gong
Summary: In this study, researchers developed an intranasal vaccine using a fusion of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and antibody Fc fragment. This vaccine could induce strong humoral immune responses and establish mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract. It also showed effectiveness in neutralizing various SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the Omicron variant. The findings suggest that this mucosal vaccine has the potential to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeffrey L. Americo, Catherine A. Cotter, Patricia L. Earl, Ruikang Liu, Bernard Moss
Summary: Intranasal administration of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces stronger immune responses compared to intramuscular administration, with higher levels of antibodies and specific T cells. Additionally, intranasal vaccination can prevent or rapidly eliminate SARS-CoV-2 infection.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xujiao Ren, Nan Cao, Linxing Tian, Wenqiang Liu, Hechao Zhu, Zhenxiang Rong, Manman Yao, Xiangmin Li, Ping Qian
Summary: In this study, a self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine was developed that effectively prevented pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection and eliminated pathological symptoms. The vaccine design involved expressing PRV glycoprotein D (gD) on lumazine synthase (LS) 60-meric protein scaffolds using the SpyTag003/SpyCatcher003 covalent coupling system. In mouse and piglet models, LSgD nanoparticles emulsified with the ISA 201VG adjuvant elicited strong humoral and cellular immune responses, providing effective protection against PRV infection.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Shikhar Sharma, Vanndita Bahl, Gaurav Srivastava, Risha Shamim, Rakesh Bhatnagar, Deepak Gaur
Summary: This study designed several PA constructs and analyzed their vaccine potential. The results showed that PA-FL and PA63 addavax formulations effectively protected spore-challenged mice and had equivalent efficacy in neutralizing the anthrax lethal toxin. The study demonstrated that the expression of PA63 has translational advantages, which is significant for the development of protective antigen-based vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sunita Kumari Yadav, Pujarini Dash, Pramoda Kumar Sahoo, Lalit C. Garg, Aparna Dixit
Summary: The study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant OmpC of Aeromonas hydrophila in Indian major carp Labeo rohita. The results showed that the rOmpC-induced immune response is temporally regulated to confer immunity.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Benjamin N. Nelson, Cheyenne S. Daugherty, Rachel R. Sharp, J. Leland Booth, Vineet I. Patel, Jordan P. Metcalf, Kenneth L. Jones, Karen L. Wozniak
Summary: Cryptococcal meningitis is a common cause of meningitis among HIV/AIDS patients in sub-Saharan Africa and globally, with significant mortality rates. Human lung phagocytic antigen-presenting cell subsets interact with Cryptococcus neoformans and regulate the expression of multiple genes to kill the pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nathan M. Ryan, Jessica A. Hess, Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Benjamin E. Leiby, Ayako Shimada, Lei Yu, Amir Yarmahmoodi, Nikolai Petrovsky, Bin Zhan, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Benjamin L. Makepeace, Sara Lustigman, David Abraham
Summary: This study demonstrated that an Onchocerca volvulus vaccine can induce protective immunity in genetically diverse mice, with each mouse line showing a unique immune response to the vaccine and challenge. The findings suggest that the vaccine is polyfunctional and effective in genetically complex populations.
Article
Ecology
Samriti Midha, Daniel J. Rigden, Stefanos Siozios, Gregory D. D. Hurst, Andrew P. Jackson
Summary: This study characterized an intracellular bacterium inhabiting the flagellated protist Bodo saltans, revealing its genomic features and association mechanism with the host. The endosymbiont is shown to have significant nutritional dependence on the host and encode specific secretory proteins that may be important for the symbiotic relationship.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Julia Knockel, Kirsten Dundas, Annie S. P. Yang, Francis Galaway, Tom Metcalf, Geert-Jan Van Gemert, Robert W. Sauerwein, Julian C. Rayner, Oliver Billker, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: The research revealed the important role of the p24 complex in the interactions between sporozoites and host cells, involving the trafficking of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. These findings provide a valuable resource for further investigating the biology of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites.
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jarrod Shilts, Thomas W. M. Crozier, Edward J. D. Greenwood, Paul J. Lehner, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: Recent studies suggest that basigin may not be the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 virus to invade human cells, and removing basigin from the surface of human lung epithelial cells does not affect susceptibility to the virus. These findings provide more information for a better understanding and treatment of COVID-19.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Georgina Awuah-Mensah, Jennifer McDonald, Pieter C. Steketee, Delphine Autheman, Sarah Whipple, Simon D'Archivio, Cordelia Brandt, Simon Clare, Katherine Harcourt, Gavin J. Wright, Liam J. Morrison, Catarina Gadelha, Bill Wickstead
Summary: Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) is a severe, wasting disease affecting domestic livestock and diverse wildlife, predominantly caused by Trypanosoma congolense and T. vivax. However, due to challenges in genetic modifications, research on the pathogenic stages is limited, hindering the understanding of these parasites' biology. The development of tools for T. congolense, including gene tagging, knockout, transgene expression, and inducible gene knockdown, will greatly aid in further research on AAT and T. congolense biology.
Review
Parasitology
Sara Silva Pereira, Andrew P. Jackson, Luisa M. Figueiredo
Summary: An intriguing and remarkable feature of African trypanosomes is their antigenic variation system, mediated by the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) family. Recent studies have revealed that the VSG repertoire has a complex evolutionary history and plays a key role in immune evasion and disease epidemiology. The diversity in sequence, genomic organization, and expression patterns within the VSG family may explain variations in parasite virulence and disease pathology, indicating a need for further exploration of their functional roles.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Adam Roberts, Rupa Nagar, Cordelia Brandt, Katherine Harcourt, Simon Clare, Michael A. J. Ferguson, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: This study identified the noncatalytic subunit LdPBN1 of the L. donovani GPI-mannosyltransferase I (GPI-MT I) complex and demonstrated its essentiality for infection in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis. The LdPBN1 mutant showed potential as an attenuated live vaccine.
Article
Microbiology
Adam J. Roberts, Han B. Ong, Simon Clare, Cordelia Brandt, Katherine Harcourt, Susanne U. Franssen, James A. Cotton, Nicole Mueller-Sienerth, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: This study aims to discover essential proteins for in vitro growth and host infection of Leishmania spp., with the goal of identifying subunit vaccine candidates. Through in silico analysis and genome editing, potential subunit vaccine candidates have been identified. Preclinical trials in a murine model showed significant levels of protection against splenic infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jarrod Shilts, Yannik Severin, Francis Galaway, Nicole Mueller-Sienerth, Zheng-Shan Chong, Sophie Pritchard, Sarah Teichmann, Roser Vento-Tormo, Berend Snijder, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: In this study, we systematically mapped the direct protein interactions across a recombinant library that includes most of the surface proteins on human leukocytes, providing a high-confidence and quantitative view of the receptor wiring that connects human immune cells. By integrating our interactome with expression data, we identified trends in the dynamics of immune interactions and constructed a mathematical model that predicts cellular connectivity. We also developed an interactive multi-tissue single-cell atlas to infer immune interactions throughout the body and linked our receptor interactions to functional roles through protein stimulation and microscopy.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alessandra Romero-Ramirez, Aitor Casas-Sanchez, Delphine Autheman, Craig W. Duffy, Cordelia Brandt, Simon Clare, Katherine Harcourt, Marcos Rogerio Andre, Kayo Jose Garcia de Almeida Castilho Neto, Marta M. G. Teixeira, Rosangela Zacharias Machado, Janine Coombes, Robin J. Flynn, Gavin J. Wright, Andrew P. Jackson
Summary: The study examines the immune responses to unique parasite antigens in hosts infected with Trypanosoma vivax and identifies potential vaccine candidates. A gene family called Vivaxin is found to encode transmembrane glycoproteins that elicit a consistent antibody response. Vaccination with a particular antigen, VIV beta 8, delays parasite proliferation but does not prevent disease. Vivaxin, besides being a source of vaccine antigens, is important for host-parasite interactions.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Enrica Bianchi, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: Brukman and colleagues provide evidence that the sperm surface protein IZUMO1, which is essential for mammalian fertilization, can induce membrane fusion in cultured cells. This finding sheds light on the long-standing mystery of the molecular mechanism of sperm-egg fusion.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jarrod Shilts, Thomas W. M. Crozier, Ana M. Teixeira-Silva, Ildar M. Gabaev, Pehuen Pereyra Gerber, Edward J. D. Greenwood, Samuel James A. Watson, Brian M. Ortmann, Christian M. J. Gawden-Bone, Tekle J. Pauzaite, Markus J. Hoffmann, James A. Nathan, Stefan Pohlmann, Nicholas J. Matheson, Paul J. Lehner, Gavin J. Wright
Summary: In addition to ACE2, LRRC15 has been identified as a protein that interacts with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. The expression of LRRC15 is common in human lung vasculature cells and fibroblasts. Inflammatory signals greatly increase the levels of LRRC15 in the lungs of COVID-19 patients. Although LRRC15 alone is not sufficient for viral entry, it may modulate infection of human cells. Further investigation is needed to understand how SARS-CoV-2 exploits host LRRC15 and its role in COVID-19.