Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jozef Bucko, Sambit K. Giri, Aurel Schneider
Summary: From observations at low and high redshifts, it is well known that the bulk of dark matter (DM) has to be stable or very long-lived, but the possibility of a small fraction or all of the DM decaying with a significantly longer half-life time than the age of the Universe is not ruled out. In this study, the researchers investigated models in which a fraction or all DM decays into radiation, focusing on the long-lived regime. They used data from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) for weak-lensing analysis and CMB data from Planck. The results showed that the constraints on DM decay are more stringent from CMB data than from weak-lensing data.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M-A Sanchis-Lozano, F. Melia, M. Lopez-Corredoira, N. Sanchis-Gual
Summary: Recent research has found that there is a maximum correlation angle in the two-point angular temperature correlations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, which contradicts the prediction of standard cosmology. The angular power spectrum of the CMB also shows a dominance of odd-over-even parity multipoles. This paper examines the relationship between these features and their impact on the theoretical fit to the Planck 2018 data. The results suggest that considering both the maximum correlation angle and the parity imbalance is crucial for optimizing the fit.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eleonora Di Valentino, Alessandro Melchiorri, Olga Mena, Supriya Pan, Weiqiang Yang
Summary: Recent measurements by the Planck satellite suggest a preference for a closed universe, but this conflicts with low redshift observables such as Type Ia supernovae luminosity distances. Interacting dark energy models could help reconcile these discrepancies in a closed Universe, indicating potential for a different coupling and curvature above 99% confidence level. This highlights the significance of broader cosmological data analyses and the possibility of better agreement between theory and observations by relaxing flatness and vacuum energy assumptions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sandeep Kumar Acharya, Jens Chluba
Summary: The observed excess radio background has puzzled scientists for over a decade. A recent new physics solution involves the decay of dark matter into dark photons which then convert into standard photons in the reionization era. This simple power-law model fits the current data closely, although additional work is needed to address challenges and improve the model.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander Reeves, Laura Herold, Sunny Vagnozzi, Blake D. Sherwin, Elisa G. M. Ferreira
Summary: The study investigates whether freeing the total neutrino mass can improve the fit of the early dark energy (EDE) model to galaxy clustering data. Bayesian and frequentist profile likelihood analyses using Planck CMB and BOSS galaxy clustering data show that freeing the total neutrino mass does not significantly improve the fit to galaxy clustering. The worsening fit is mainly caused by background modifications to the late-time expansion rate due to massive neutrinos which affect the measurements of the BAO scale.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Paoletti, J. Chluba, F. Finelli, J. A. Rubino-Martin
Summary: We update and extend the constraints on primordial magnetic fields in the cosmic microwave background through the dissipation effects of ambipolar diffusion and magnetohydrodynamic decaying turbulence. Using the latest data release and map making algorithm, our study achieves tighter constraints on the magnetic field amplitudes.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Weiqiang Yang, Eleonora Di Valentino, Supriya Pan, Yabo Wu, Jianbo Lu
Summary: This article compares various dynamical dark energy models using different observational data and discusses the alleviation of H-0 tension. Bayesian evidence analysis shows that all models perform better than Lambda CDM scenario, with the CPL model being the best in fitting the data and solving H-0 tension. However, the tension reappears when considering the baryon acoustic oscillations data, not supporting the dynamical dark energy solution.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Luke Hart, Jens Chluba
Summary: The cosmological recombination radiation (CRR) is a spectral distortion signal from the early Universe that can probe physical phenomena in the pre-recombination era. We study the effects of early dark energy models and varying electromagnetic fundamental constants on CRR. We provide estimates on the sensitivity of future spectrometers to these effects and suggest that a combination with Planck data is promising.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eleonora Di Valentino, Nils A. Nilsson, Mu-In Park
Summary: This study proposes a renormalizable, higher derivative, Lorentz-violating quantum gravity model without ghost problems known as Hoava gravity. Furthermore, a Hoava gravity-based dark energy (HDE) model is proposed by identifying the additional contributions from Lorentz-violating terms as an effective energy-momentum tensor in Einstein equation. The results show a preference for non-flat universes in the cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillation, and supernova Ia data tests, aligning with the cosmic concordance model.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Marco Hufnagel, Xun-Jie Xu
Summary: In the presence of interactions between neutrinos and dark matter, this study investigates the implications for the evolution of both dark matter and neutrinos in the early Universe. It shows that the future cosmic neutrino detection experiment PTOLEMY might be sensitive to neutrino signals that originate from dark matter annihilation in this model.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eleonora Di Valentino
Summary: The study combines multiple measurements of the Hubble constant, resulting in an optimistic estimate of H-0 = 72.94 +/- 0.75 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), significantly different from the ACDM model. The research also highlights various new phenomena that emerge in different dark energy cosmological models, such as phantom dark energy and coupling between dark matter and dark energy.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sergei F. Shandarin
Summary: The study examines the density distribution of dark matter at caustic surfaces and the corresponding geometrical features, as well as the methods and challenges in identifying caustics in numerical simulations. The halo boundary is found to be asymmetrical, but a convex hull is a good approximation. Analyses of kinetic and potential energies, as well as examination of the two-dimensional phase space, confirm that the halo is gravitationally bound. The discovery of non-ellipsoidal oval shapes in a sample of halos from large simulations shows promise for further detailed analysis on higher resolution simulations.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Gelo, C. J. A. P. Martins, N. Quevedo, A. M. M. Vieira
Summary: The redshift dependence of the cosmic microwave background temperature has important implications for fundamental cosmology, and its constraining power is comparable to other background cosmology probes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nanoom Lee, Yacine Ali-Haimoud
Summary: This study introduces a new formalism to compute the impact of small-scale baryon perturbations on free-electron abundance and applies it to probe cosmic microwave background anisotropies. Analysis on four different combinations of fluctuation modes shows that Planck data is consistent with the absence of small-scale isocurvature perturbations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Camphuis, K. Benabed, S. Galli, E. Hivon, M. Lilley
Summary: This study focuses on the analytical calculation of covariance matrices for estimating cosmological parameters, particularly in the observation of CMB using small footprints. A new approximation method is introduced to improve the accuracy in predicting wide bandpowers, achieving over four times the precision compared to current approaches. The results are not only applicable to CMB observations but also to other cosmological probes requiring the calculation of pseudo-power spectrum covariance matrices.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Lemos, N. Weaverdyck, R. P. Rollins, J. Muir, A. Ferte, A. R. Liddle, A. Campos, D. Huterer, M. Raveri, J. Zuntz, E. Di Valentino, X. Fang, W. G. Hartley, M. Aguena, S. Allam, J. Annis, E. Bertin, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, A. Choi, M. Costanzi, M. Crocce, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, J. P. Dietrich, S. Everett, I Ferrero, J. Frieman, J. Garcia-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, M. Lima, M. March, P. Melchior, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. Morgan, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchon, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagon, A. Porredon, E. Sanchez, V Scarpine, M. Schubnell, S. Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, T. N. Varga, J. Weller
Summary: Recent cosmological analyses have used various algorithms to sample from posterior distributions, but the justification for the choice and settings of the samplers is often lacking. In this study, three samplers were investigated to motivate and validate the algorithm and settings used for the Dark Energy Survey (DES) analyses. The findings showed that polychord provides a good balance of speed and robustness and is recommended for analyses with DES Y3 data.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Bahamonde, Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos, Celia Escamilla-Rivera, Gabriel Farrugia, Viktor Gakis, Martin Hendry, Manuel Hohmann, Jackson Levi Said, Jurgen Mifsud, Eleonora Di Valentino
Summary: In this Review, the development of teleparallel gravity as a gauge theory of translations is comprehensively introduced. The construction of consistent teleparallel theories that respect physical conditions such as local Lorentz invariance is described. Various modified teleparallel theories of gravity are discussed and connected into general classes of covariant gravitational theories. The cosmological consequences and observational implications of teleparallel gravity are also explored, along with the application of machine learning to gravity research.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eleonora Di Valentino, William Giare, Alessandro Melchiorri, Joseph Silk
Summary: In this study, the global agreement between observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite is examined in different cosmological models with additional parameters. The Suspiciousness statistic is used to quantify the tension between the two experiments. Results show that the tension is reduced to 1.8 sigma when the effective number of relativistic particles is lower than the standard value, and ranges between 2.3 sigma and 3.5 sigma in other extended models.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
William Giare, Matteo Forconi, Eleonora Di Valentino, Alessandro Melchiorri
Summary: This paper analyzes the inflationary gravitational waves, which act as additional radiation in the Early Universe and can increase the effective number of relativistic species (N-eff) through a correction based on the integrated energy-density in gravitational waves across all scales. The study demonstrates that the calculation is dominated by the behavior of the tensor spectrum on scales corresponding to modes that cross the horizon very close to the end of inflation, making it strongly model dependent. The researchers use a theoretical Monte Carlo approach within the framework of the Effective Field Theory of inflation to investigate the observable predictions of various models, proving that accurate analyses are necessary to obtain reliable information on the inflationary Universe.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Elvin-Poole, N. MacCrann, S. Everett, J. Prat, E. S. Rykoff, J. DeVicente, B. Yanny, K. Herner, A. Ferte, E. DiValentino, A. Choi, D. L. Burke, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, A. Alarcon, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, E. Baxter, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, G. M. Bernstein, J. Blazek, H. Camacho, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, R. Chen, J. Cordero, M. Crocce, C. Davis, J. DeRose, H. T. Diehl, S. Dodelson, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, F. Elsner, X. Fang, P. Fosalba, O. Friedrich, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, I. Harrison, W. G. Hartley, H. Huang, E. M. Huff, D. Huterer, E. Krause, N. Kuropatkin, P. -F. Leget, P. Lemos, A. R. Liddle, J. McCullough, J. Muir, J. Myles, A. Navarro-Alsina, S. Pandey, Y. Park, A. Porredon, M. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, R. P. Rollins, A. Roodman, R. Rosenfeld, A. J. Ross, C. Sanchez, J. Sanchez, L. F. Secco, E. Sheldon, T. Shin, M. A. Troxel, I. Tutusaus, T. N. Varga, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, B. Yin, Y. Zhang, J. Zuntz, M. Aguena, S. Avila, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, J. Garcia-Bellido, K. Honscheid, M. Jarvis, T. S. Li, J. Mena-Fernandez, C. To, R. D. Wilkinson
Summary: We investigate the impact of magnification on galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3. Two different lens samples are used: luminous red galaxies (redMaGiC) and a sample with a redshift-dependent magnitude limit (MagLim). We account for magnification effects on galaxy selection and find that it significantly affects the MagLim sample. The cosmological constraints from the analysis are consistent with the ΛCDM and wCDM models, but there is a discrepancy in the amplitude when allowing for free magnification bias.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
William Giare, Fabrizio Renzi, Olga Mena, Eleonora Di Valentino, Alessandro Melchiorri
Summary: The Data Release 4 of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) shows an agreement with a Harrison-Zel'dovich primordial spectrum, introducing a tension with the results from the Planck satellite. This discrepancy on the value of the scalar spectral index is not alleviated with the addition of large scale structure information or low multipole polarization data. Possible avenues to alleviate the tension are discussed, including neglecting polarization measurements from ACT or extending different sectors of the theory.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yuejia Zhai, William Giare, Carsten van de Bruck, Eleonora Di Valentino, Olga Mena, Rafael C. Nunes
Summary: We analyze a cosmological model with interaction between dark energy and dark matter using data from three independent experiments: Planck, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, and WMAP. Regardless of the combination of datasets, the results consistently support an interacting dark sector with a 95% confidence level. This preference remains consistent when cross-checked with independent probes and yields a value for the expansion rate H0 consistent with local distance ladder measurements.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, S. Avila, D. Bacon, E. Baxter, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, G. M. Bernstein, S. Birrer, J. Blazek, S. Bocquet, A. Brandao-Souza, S. L. Bridle, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, H. Camacho, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, A. Chen, R. Chen, A. Choi, C. Conselice, J. Cordero, M. Costanzi, M. Crocce, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, C. Davis, T. M. Davis, J. DeRose, S. Desai, E. Di Valentino, H. T. Diehl, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, F. Elsner, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, X. Fang, A. Farahi, I. Ferrero, A. Ferte, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, D. Friedel, O. Friedrich, J. Frieman, J. Garcia-Bellido, M. Gatti, L. Giani, T. Giannantonio, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, N. Hamaus, I. Harrison, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, H. Huang, E. M. Huff, D. Huterer, B. Jain, D. J. James, M. Jarvis, N. Jeffrey, T. Jeltema, A. Kovacs, E. Krause, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, S. Lee, P. -F. Leget, P. Lemos, C. D. Leonard, A. R. Liddle, M. Lima, H. Lin, N. MacCrann, J. L. Marshall, J. McCullough, J. Mena-Fernandez, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, V. Miranda, J. J. Mohr, J. Muir, J. Myles, S. Nadathur, A. Navarro-Alsina, R. C. Nichol, R. L. C. Ogando, Y. Omori, A. Palmese, S. Pandey, Y. Park, M. Paterno, F. Paz-Chinchon, W. J. Percival, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagon, A. Porredon, J. Prat, M. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, P. Rogozenski, R. P. Rollins, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, R. Rosenfeld, A. J. Ross, E. S. Rykoff, S. Samuroff, C. Sanchez, E. Sanchez, J. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, V. Scarpine, D. Scolnic, L. F. Secco, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Sheldon, T. Shin, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. Tabbutt, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, A. Troja, M. A. Troxel, I. Tutusaus, T. N. Varga, M. Vincenzi, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, B. Yanny, B. Yin, Y. Zhang, J. Zuntz
Summary: In this study, we placed constraints on six possible extensions to the cold dark matter model, using observations from the Dark Energy Survey as well as external cosmological probes. We validated our results through blind analyses of real data and simulations. We found no significant evidence for physics beyond the Lambda CDM model.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Armando Bernui, Eleonora Di Valentino, William Giare, Suresh Kumar, Rafael C. Nunes
Summary: In this study, we use a compilation of 15 measurements of the 2D baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale and Planck-CMB data to explore a class of interacting dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM) cosmological models. We find that 2D BAO measurements can provide different observational constraints compared to the traditional 3D BAO measurements. Contrary to previous observations, Planck-CMB + 2D BAO data suggest higher values for the Hubble constant H0. Through joint analysis with additional Gaussian prior on H0, we conclude that the H0 tension is resolved in the interacting DE model with strong statistical evidence (more than 3 sigma).
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eleonora Di Valentino, Stefano Gariazzo, William Giare, Alessandro Melchiorri, Olga Mena, Fabrizio Renzi
Summary: We have presented model-marginalized limits on mixed hot dark matter scenarios, incorporating thermal neutrinos and thermal QCD axions. Our analysis included small-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the South Pole Telescope (SPT), as well as data from the Planck satellite and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements. The combination of ACT, Planck, and BAO yielded the tightest 95% Confidential Level (CL) upper bound of 0.21 eV for both P m nu and ma.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Weiqiang Yang, William Giare, Supriya Pan, Eleonora Di Valentino, Alessandro Melchiorri, Joseph Silk
Summary: In this study, the effects of introducing curvature in extended cosmologies with a varying neutrino sector and different parametrizations of dark energy are considered. The Planck 2018 data, including cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization data, baryon acoustic oscillations, and Pantheon type Ia supernovae data are utilized. The main finding is that a nonflat Universe cannot be ruled out based on the current astronomical data, as there is evidence for a closed Universe in most of the explored dark energy cosmologies. However, enforcing a flat Universe can significantly bias the constraints on the equation of state of the dark energy component and its dynamical nature.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck, Eleonora Di Valentino, William Giare, Sebastian Trojanowski
Summary: This study explores the interaction between dark matter and neutrinos by analyzing the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data. The results indicate a non-zero coupling between dark matter and neutrinos and confirm the validity of the model. The interacting vDM (+Neff) scenario is found to be preferred over the baseline ACDM (+Neff) cosmology.
PHYSICS OF THE DARK UNIVERSE
(2023)