Article
Environmental Sciences
Mikhail A. Ershov, Ekaterina Grigorieva, Tamer M. M. Abdellatief, Vladimir M. Kapustin, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Mohammed Kamil, A. G. Olabi
Summary: Low-carbon fuel is the main trend in oil refining industry development. A novel approach for producing low-carbon high-octane oxygenated environmentally friendly motor gasoline has been proposed, leading to successful production of high-octane environmentally friendly motor gasoline, which can reduce environmental impacts and improve product quality.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fengyu Zhang, Xinchao Su, Aoli Tan, Jingjing Yao, Haipu Li
Summary: In this study, a machine learning model was developed to handle highly non-linear and coupling relationships, and 35 important variables were selected for modeling out of 353 variables. The dragonfly algorithm was used to optimize the back propagation neural network and logistics regression process, resulting in a combined model that balanced local and global searching. The evaluation and validation of the model showed high accuracy and strong generalization ability, making it essential for gasoline refining.
Article
Energy & Fuels
David S. Hirshfeld, Jeffrey A. Kolb, James E. Anderson, Asim Iqbal, Michael E. Moore, William M. Studzinski, Ian Sutherland
Summary: Increasing the minimum octane ratings of the U.S. gasoline pool has the potential to improve engine efficiency in future light-duty vehicles, leading to greater fuel economy and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. This study analyzed the technical and economic effects of producing a gasoline pool meeting different national standards for ethanol content, minimum research octane number (RON), and minimum octane sensitivity (OS) levels, showing that higher octane levels can be achieved with conventional refining processes and gasoline blendstocks, albeit with increased refining costs. The use of high-RON, high-OS blendstocks like ethanol or iso-octene could further extend the achievable octane and sensitivity levels, although at a higher cost.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Connor P. Nash, Daniel P. Dupuis, Anurag Kumar, Carrie A. Farberow, Anh T. To, Ce Yang, Evan C. Wegener, Jeffrey T. Miller, Kinga A. Unocic, Earl Christensen, Jesse E. Hensley, Joshua A. Schaidle, Susan E. Habas, Daniel A. Ruddy
Summary: The study introduces bimetallic catalysts to control the paraffin-to-olefin ratio in the conversion of dimethyl ether to high-octane hydrocarbons. The Cu-Zn/BEA catalyst showed higher dehydrogenation activity, resulting in a lower P/O ratio, while the Cu-Ni/BEA catalyst exhibited increased hydrogenation activity, leading to a higher P/O ratio. The product from Cu-Zn/BEA had the highest efficiency merit value among the three BEA catalysts compared to finished gasolines and alkylate blendstock.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Endar Puspawiningtiyas, Meiti Pratiwi, Ronny Purwadi, Astri N. Istyami, Lidya Elizabeth, Tirto Prakoso, Subagjo, Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja
Summary: Pyrolysis is used to convert oleic basic soap into gasoline-compatible fuel by reacting oleic acid with metal hydroxides. The study found that the highest RON value (89.6) was achieved at 450 degrees Celsius using a Ca/Mg/Zn ratio of 0.15:0.85:1. The pyrolysis process produced bio-hydrocarbon, solid residue, water, and gas with varying compositions of hydrocarbon compounds.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xingyu Sun, Fan Zhang, Jingping Liu, Xiongbo Duan
Summary: This study developed a high-throughput method to predict the research octane number (RON) of gasoline by considering its properties and using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The experimental results showed that this method can accurately predict the RON of gasoline, thereby improving the production of commercial spark ignition engine fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yisheng Wu, Yusen Liu, Xinling Li, Zhen Huang, Dong Han
Summary: In this study, a determination model for research octane numbers (RONs) of gasoline fuels was developed using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and artificial neural networks (ANN). The model was validated with 200 gasoline fuels from different regions in China, showing a high prediction accuracy. The contributions of the NIR spectra to the model were analyzed using the partial least squares regression method.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Olga V. Sapunaru, Ancaelena E. Sterpu, Mihaela Brinzei, Silviu Pascu, Claudia I. Koncsag
Summary: This study investigates the etherification of olefins in FCC gasoline, without separating isoamylenes. The experiment shows that using Purolite CT-275, a macroporous polymeric ion-exchange resin, and different alcohols (methanol, bioethanol, isopropanol, and 1-butanol) can significantly convert olefins, even the heavier C6-C9 compounds, reaching overall conversion rates of 70% with ethanol and 83% with isopropanol. This leads to an increase of up to two units in the Motor Octane Number of the gasoline. The study also optimizes the reactive distillation parameters using CHEMCAD 8 simulation and suggests a process flow for the etherification sequence in the FCC unit.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bin Zhang, Xuewei Li, Qin Wan, Bo Liu, Guohai Jia, Zibin Yin
Summary: By studying the performance of A-CGPF coated with different catalysts during cold start, the effects of inlet HC concentration, exhaust temperature, and mass flow rate on the adsorption process were investigated, as well as the catalytic performance and abatement performance of different catalysts. The results show that the A-CGPF coated with composite adsorptive catalysts can significantly reduce HC emissions and improve HC removal rate during the initial stage of cold start.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mikhail A. Ershov, Vsevolod D. Savelenko, Uliana A. Makhova, Vladimir M. Kapustin, Tamer M. M. Abdellatief, Nikolay Karpov, Eduard Dutlov, Dmitry Borisanov
Summary: This research paper proposes a method to boost the octane rating of low-octane gasoline by adding high-octane isoolefinic hydrocarbons. The study found that the addition of isoolefinic hydrocarbons significantly increased the motor octane number (MON) of the gasoline, indicating improved combustion performance in internal combustion engines.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jeremias Martinez, Maria Antonieta Zuniga-Hinojosa, Richard Steve Ruiz-Martinez
Summary: This study analyzes the effects of temperature, pressure, and H-2/HC ratio on catalytic reforming reactions and the production of high-octane gasoline from the perspective of thermodynamic equilibrium. The optimal conditions for the process were evaluated using the Gibbs free energy minimization method.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dandan Han, E. Jiaqiang, Yuanwang Deng, Jingwei Chen, Erwei Leng, Gaoliang Liao, Xiaohuan Zhao, Changling Feng, Feng Zhang
Summary: The article summarizes measures for reducing hydrocarbon emissions during cold start of gasoline engines, including pre-treatment and after-treatment approaches, as well as the use of HC adsorption technology.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Changling Feng, Yuanwang Deng, Lehan Chen, Wei Han, E. Jiaqiang, Kexiang Wei, Dandan Han, Bin Zhang
Summary: The study proposed a HC adsorber and converter system for hydrocarbon emission control during cold start. Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effect of key structural parameters on HC adsorption and conversion performance. The dual layer HCAC was found to be the better scheme for both adsorption and conversion of HCs, with certain parameters providing optimal performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tamer M. M. Abdellatief, Mikhail A. Ershov, Vladimir M. Kapustin, Elena A. Chernysheva, Vsevolod D. Savelenko, Tareq Salameh, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, A. G. Olabi
Summary: Recently, there has been a rise in requirements for high-quality gasoline and an increase in demand. This research article proposes new insights into a novel octane hyperboosting phenomenon based on isoolefinic hydrocarbons as gasoline additives and its application on Fuzzy modeling. The results show that isooctene and isohexene can significantly improve engine performance, with higher motor octane numbers than pure isooctene and isohexene.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bin Zhang, Xuewei Li, Shanhong Tang, Qin Wan, Guohai Jia, Bo Liu, Shijun Li
Summary: This study investigates the HC removal performance of a novel adsorptive catalytic gasoline particulate filter (A-CGPF) coated with new composite catalysts to meet stringent emission standards. The effects of various factors on HC removal during cold start are analyzed. The results show that the cumulative emission of hydrocarbon is greatly reduced in the first 40 seconds of cold start. Ambient temperature has a significant influence on hydrocarbon removal in the early stage, while the ratio of oxidizing components and reductive components affects the temperature rise and hydrocarbon removal rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.