Article
Immunology
Yifan Li, Melanie Merbah, Suzanne Wollen-Roberts, Bradley Beckman, Thembi Mdluli, Isabella Swafford, Sandra V. Mayer, Jocelyn King, Courtney Corbitt, Jeffrey R. Currier, Heather Liu, Allahna Esber, Suteeraporn Pinyakorn, Ajay Parikh, Leilani V. Francisco, Nittaya Phanuphak, Jonah Maswai, John Owuoth, Hannah Kibuuka, Michael Iroezindu, Emmanuel Bahemana, Sandhya Vasan, Julie A. Ake, Kayvon Modjarrad, Gregory Gromowski, Dominic Paquin-Proulx, Morgane Rolland
Summary: Prior immune responses to coronaviruses may impact the human response to SARS-CoV-2. There were differences in antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses between participants from Africa and Thailand. These findings have implications for the distribution of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies globally.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sazada Siddiqui, Heba Waheeb Saeed Alhamdi, Huda Ahmed Alghamdi
Summary: COVID-19 is highly contagious and has caused major disruptions around the world. Prevention is crucial through measures such as self-isolation and vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Tim R. Mercer, Marc Salit
Summary: The assembly and publication of the SARS-CoV-2 genome in January 2020 allowed for immediate development of tests and led to the largest global testing programme in history. Despite efforts to control the spread, widespread community transmission of the virus has become entrenched in many countries, necessitating population-scale testing to identify and isolate infected individuals. Testing plays a crucial role in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic and is likely to continue to be vital in public health.
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pasquale Esposito, Elisa Russo, Daniela Picciotto, Francesca Cappadona, Yuri Battaglia, Giovanni Battista Traverso, Francesca Viazzi
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of AKI in hospitalized patients. The results showed that the incidence of AKI during the COVID-19 period was significantly higher compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, and it was independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and admission period. Additionally, patients admitted during the COVID-19 period had worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Pedro Teixeira, Sharon Barone, Kamyar Zahedi, Manoocher Soleimani
Summary: This article discusses the epidemiology of kidney disease in COVID-19 and its association with poor outcomes. It also presents emerging data on long-term renal impairment caused by COVID-19 and delves into the ongoing debate about whether AKI in COVID-19 is mediated by direct viral injury. Furthermore, it explores the molecular pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and proposes novel therapeutic targets for COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Marco Giuseppe Migliaccio, Marco Di Mauro, Riccardo Ricciolino, Giorgio Spiniello, Vincenzo Carfora, Nicoletta Verde, Filiberto Fausto Mottola, Nicola Coppola
Summary: Kidney injury can be a severe complication of SARS-CoV-2, worsening the prognosis. Various pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to organ damage and impair renal function, highlighting the complexity of the virus activity and immune response. Researchers have summarized evidence on the prevalence of kidney involvement, pathogenic pathways, and management.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Joshua Smith-Sreen, Bridget Miller, Alinune N. Kabaghe, Evelyn Kim, Nellie Wadonda-Kabondo, Alean Frawley, Sarah Labuda, Eusebio Manuel, Helga Frietas, Anne C. Mwale, Tebogo Segolodi, Pauline Harvey, Onalenna Seitio-Kgokgwe, Alfredo E. Vergara, Eduardo S. Gudo, Eric J. Dziuban, Naemi Shoopala, Jonas Z. Hines, Simon Agolory, Muzala Kapina, Nyambe Sinyange, Michael Melchior, Kelsey Mirkovic, Agnes Mahomva, Surbhi Modhi, Stephanie Salyer, Andrew S. Azman, Catherine McLean, Lul P. Riek, Fred Asiimwe, Michelle Adler, Sikhatele Mazibuko, Velephi Okello, Andrew F. Auld
Summary: This study used publicly available data to describe the epidemiology, genomic surveillance, and public health measures during the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Africa. The findings showed that South Africa detected regional waves earlier than other countries, and testing volume increased across waves. The average reported regional incidence, positivity of diagnostic tests, mortality, and case-fatality ratios also increased across the waves. The Beta and Delta variants were found to be driving the second and third waves, respectively. As of September 19, 2021, the vaccination coverage remained low in South Africa.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanfei Chen, Qiang Chen
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has had a detrimental impact on global health and economy. Its association with MAFLD has become a topic of interest, as MAFLD is a potential risk factor for severe COVID-19 symptoms. This review provides an update on the interactions between COVID-19 and MAFLD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Anusha Ekanayake, Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Choolaka Hewawasam, Uttpal Anand, Elza Bontempi, Sudarshan Kurwadkar, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Meththika Vithanage
Summary: The relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the environment is bidirectional, with the environment playing a role in the transmission of the virus. The pandemic has potential environmental impacts such as water pollution, chemical contamination, increased generation of non-biodegradable waste, and an increase in single-use plastics. Sustainable solutions should be included in national preparedness strategies to address these environmental challenges.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amalio Telenti, Ann Arvin, Lawrence Corey, Davide Corti, Michael S. Diamond, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Robert F. Garry, Edward C. Holmes, Phillip S. Pang, Herbert W. Virgin
Summary: This article discusses the future patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the development of variants, and the implications for vaccine deployment. It suggests that the virus may become endemic fueled by pockets of susceptible individuals and waning immunity. Effective surveillance and response are crucial to prevent new epidemic or pandemic patterns.
Review
Immunology
Yebei Li, Meiying Rao, Gaosi Xu
Summary: The emergence of acute kidney disease (AKD) following COVID-19 vaccination has raised concerns. This review summarizes hypotheses and pathogenesis of AKD caused by COVID-19 vaccines, aiming to assist clinical assessment and management of this condition.
Article
Immunology
Chunjin Ke, Jun Xiao, Zhihua Wang, Chong Yu, Chunguang Yang, Zhiquan Hu
Summary: Retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients revealed a high prevalence of kidney injury associated with in-hospital mortality. Early detection and effective intervention of kidney injury are crucial in reducing COVID-19 deaths.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Abby Basalely, Shari Gurusinghe, James Schneider, Sareen S. Shah, Linda B. Siegel, Gabrielle Pollack, Pamela Singer, Laura J. Castellanos-Reyes, Steven Fishbane, Kenar D. Jhaveri, Elizabeth Mitchell, Kumail Merchant, Christine Capone, Ashley M. Gefen, Julie Steinberg, Christine B. Sethna
Summary: This study found a high incidence of acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 and MIS-C, with associations to lower serum albumin levels and higher white blood cell counts, suggesting a link to inflammation and dehydration.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rosanna W. Peeling, David L. Heymann, Yik-Ying Teo, Patricia J. Garcia
Summary: Diagnostics play a crucial role in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Molecular tests like PCR are recommended for confirming diagnosis in symptomatic individuals, while antigen rapid detection tests have the advantage of being easier to perform with faster results and lower cost. Antibody tests can inform public policy but should not be used as proof of immunity. All three types of tests continue to be important in transitioning from pandemic response to control.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heather Richardson
Summary: Detecting coronavirus in samples from treatment plants can provide early warning of outbreaks and new variants.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Mansour Mbengue, Cedric Ouanekpone, Seynabou Diagne, Abdou Niang
Summary: Renal involvement is present in around 5% of patients with Sjögren's syndrome, and this case report describes a 20-year-old African woman who experienced paralysis of four limbs due to renal tubular acidosis type 1 complicated by hypokalemia. Symptomatic and etiological treatments led to a favorable outcome with correction of acidosis and hypokalemia in this patient.
CASE REPORTS IN NEPHROLOGY AND DIALYSIS
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Toby Humphrey, Mogamat Razeen Davids, Mogamat-Yazied Chothia, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Carol Pollock, Glen James
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of hyperkalaemia, including its prevalence and incidence in different populations, healthcare settings, and continents. The prevalence of hyperkalaemia in adults is 6.3%, with an incidence of 2.8 cases per 100 person years. In the general population, the prevalence is 1.3%, with an incidence of 0.4 cases per 100 person years. Prevalence varies by sex and the definition/threshold used. Patients with end-stage kidney disease, kidney transplant patients, and patients with acute kidney injury have the highest prevalence of hyperkalaemia.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Guobin Su, Masao Iwagami, Mogamat Razeen Davids, James B. Wetmore, Dorothea Nitsch
Summary: This article discusses the impact of COVID-19 on patients with kidney disease and the challenges faced in conducting epidemiological research. While many studies have addressed the concerns of kidney disease patients, drawing meaningful conclusions remains challenging due to limitations in data and methodology.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Ikechi G. Okpechi, Fergus J. Caskey, Abduzhappar Gaipov, Elliot K. Tannor, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Emmanuel Effa, Udeme E. Ekrikpo, Laura N. Hamonic, Gloria Ashuntantang, Aminu K. Bello, Jo-Ann Donner, Ana E. Figueiredo, Reiko Inagi, Magdalena Madero, Charu Malik, Monica Moorthy, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Vladimir Tesar, Adeera Levin, Vivekanand Jha
Summary: This study provides a global overview of early CKD identification efforts, highlighting the variations in methods and reported prevalence worldwide. Efforts to standardize measurement methods for early detection, focusing on high-risk populations, and ensuring appropriate interventions are available to those identified with CKD, are crucial for improving the value of programs and patient outcomes.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Elliot Koranteng Tannor, Brian Bieber, Ryan Aylward, Valerie Luyckx, Dibya Singh Shah, Adrian Liew, Rhys Evans, Chimota Phiri, Murilo Guedes, Ronald Pisoni, Bruce Robinson, Fergus Caskey, Vivekanand Jha, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Gavin Dreyer
Summary: This study aimed to identify global inequities in the care of chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that in low and lower-middle income countries, there was limited availability of diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2, and many patients missed HD treatments. These regions also had significant limitations in the care of hospitalized dialysis patients with COVID-19. Additionally, staff in these countries conducted fewer routine tests for COVID-19 when asymptomatic, and there were severe shortages of personal protective equipment.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Santosh Thapa, Thabiet Jardine, Thaabit Davids, Fergus J. Caskey, Mogamat Razeen Davids
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
George Asafu Adjaye Frimpong, Evans Aboagye, Elliot Koranteng Tannor, Naomi Cindy Chinenyenwa Chigbu, Victoria Temabore Daboner
Summary: Coarctation of the aorta with arterial tortuosity syndrome is a rare hereditary condition characterized by elongation and tortuosity of the arteries. It is important to differentiate it from other connective tissue disorders. We report a case of a teenage female with this condition and enhanced diagnosis using cinematic rendering.
INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CASE REPORTS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter S. Nyasulu, Birhanu T. Ayele, Coenraad F. Koegelenberg, Elvis Irusen, Usha Lalla, Razeen Davids, Yazied Chothia, Francois Retief, Marianne Johnson, Stephen Venter, Renilda Pillay, Hans Prozesky, Jantjie Taljaard, Arifa Parker, Eric H. Decloedt, Portia Jordan, Sa'ad Lahri, M. Rafique Moosa, Muhammad Saadiq Moolla, Anteneh Yalew, Nicola Baines, Padi Maud, Elizabeth Louw, Andre Nortje, Rory Dunbar, Lovemore N. Sigwadhi, Veranyuy D. Ngah, Jacques L. Tamuzi, Annalise Zemlin, Zivanai Chapanduka, Rene English, Brian W. Allwood
Summary: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and associated mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU in South Africa. Older age, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, HIV status, and metabolic acidosis were found to be significant predictors of mortality in ICU patients.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Raymond Vanholder, Lieven Annemans, Marion Braks, Edwina A. Brown, Priya Pais, Tanjala S. Purnell, Simon Sawhney, Nicole Scholes-Robertson, Benedicte Stengel, Elliot K. Tannor, Vladimir Tesar, Arjan van der Tol, Valerie A. Luyckx
Summary: Kidney disease risk and outcomes are strongly influenced by inequities across its clinical course, including insufficient investment and social/structural inequities. Access to affordable kidney care is highly unequal, leading to financial hardship for vulnerable populations. Advocacy and leadership by the nephrology community are crucial to address and dismantle these inequities.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mogamat-Yazied Chothia, Usuf Chikte, Anneliese Zemlin, Desiree Moodley, Nicolas Fitchat, Anneliese Wessels, Esther van Vuuren, Thaabit Davids, Mogamat Razeen Davids
Summary: This is the largest study to date on the epidemiology of hyperkalaemia in hospitalized adults from Africa. Hyperkalaemia associated with acute kidney injury was a strong predictor of in-hospital death.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mogamat-Yazied Chothia, Toby Humphrey, Anel Schoonees, Usuf Mohamed Ebrahim Chikte, Mogamat Razeen Davids
Summary: Hyperkalaemia is a common electrolyte disorder in hospitalised patients, and its treatment with insulin can lead to hypoglycaemia, an under-appreciated complication. This scoping review identifies hypoglycaemia as a frequent adverse effect in hospitalised adults undergoing insulin therapy for hyperkalaemia. Further research is needed to determine the optimal regimen for insulin therapy in order to mitigate the risk of hypoglycaemia.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Peter K. K. Maritim, Ahmed Twahir, Mogamat Razeen Davids
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nokwanda Sithole, Usha Lalla, Mogamat Razeen Davids, Mogamat-Yazied Chothia
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the types of acid-base disorders in critically ill patients at the time of admission to the ICU and their association with ICU and in-hospital mortality. The results showed that acid-base disorders were not associated with ICU or in-hospital death. Male sex, APACHE II score, and corrected anion gap were identified as predictors of in-hospital death.
PAN AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Victoria Nkunu, Natasha Wiebe, Aminu Bello, Sandra Campbell, Elliot Tannor, Cherian Varghese, John Stanifer, Marcello Tonelli
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review on the care models for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The results showed that most CKD care models include key elements of CKD care, but there are variations in funding mechanisms and few models include conservative kidney management.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)