Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ashraf S. Gorgey, Jan J. Gouda
Summary: This study reports the experimental results of the use of percutaneous spinal cord epidural stimulation to restore trunk control and standing ability in individuals with complete paraplegia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan S. Calvert, Megan L. Gill, Margaux B. Linde, Daniel D. Veith, Andrew R. Thoreson, Cesar Lopez, Kendall H. Lee, Yury P. Gerasimenko, Victor R. Edgerton, Igor A. Lavrov, Kristin D. Zhao, Peter J. Grahn, Dimitry G. Sayenko
Summary: Transcutaneous and epidural spinal stimulation have shown promising results in restoring motor function in individuals with spinal cord injury, with differences observed in how different types of SCI patients respond to stimulation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Nadine M. Mansour, Isabela Pena Pino, David Freeman, Kailey Carrabre, Shivani Venkatesh, David Darrow, Uzma Samadani, Ann M. Parr
Summary: Epidural spinal cord stimulation has shown potential as a therapy for chronic spinal cord injury, uncovering residual pathways within the damaged spine. The majority of studies have reported positive outcomes in terms of improving motor function and restoring autonomic function. However, further research is needed to determine which patients benefit the most from this intervention.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Volodymyr Krotov, Kirill Agashkov, Sergii Romanenko, Oleh Halaidych, Yaroslav Andrianov, Boris V. V. Safronov, Pavel Belan, Nana Voitenko
Summary: Although our understanding of how afferent-driven presynaptic inhibition shapes peripheral input to nociceptive neurons is limited, this study examined this effect on primary afferent input to spinal neurons in two nociceptive-processing regions. The results showed that attenuation of presynaptic inhibition resulted in the appearance of new mono- and polysynaptic excitatory postsynaptic current components. These mechanisms are important for shaping primary afferent input to neurons in the spinal nociceptive-processing network.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Guangwei Mao, Zhijun Zhou, Hao Su, Yaozhong Chen, Jianjun Zhang, Chiyuan Zhang, Zhigong Wang, Xiaoying Lu
Summary: This paper proposes an ESCS system for animal experimental study, which provides a fully implantable and programmable stimulating system for complete SCI rat model, along with a wireless charging power solution. The system consists of an implantable pulse generator (IPG), a stimulating electrode, an external charging module, and an Android application (APP) via a smartphone. The results of the animal experiment show that the stimulating system can work stably in SCI rats, effectively activating the lower limb muscles and providing an effective tool for studying the ESCS application in motor function recovery.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Soshi Samejima, Rita Hanna, Brinda K. Cariappa, Rene Arvizu, Surabhi Nimbalkar, Rhea Montgomery-Walsh, Sandra L. Galindo, Richard Henderson, Abed Khorasani, Chet T. Moritz, Sam Kassegne
Summary: There is increasing evidence that electrical stimulation delivered via spinal neural interfaces using carbon-based neural arrays can improve functional recovery after spinal cord injury. In this study, a novel cervical epidural implant with carbon-based surface electrodes was designed, fabricated, and characterized in vivo. The array demonstrated biomechanical compatibility and stable performance for at least four weeks in a rat model of spinal cord injury. These findings highlight the potential of carbon-based electrodes as a spinal neural interface for both mechanistic research and functional restoration in animal models of spinal cord injury.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Conor McHugh, Clare Taylor, David Mockler, Neil Fleming
Summary: A systematic review evaluated the efficacy of epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS) for improving motor function in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). While most studies reported some improvement in motor activity with ESCS, the quality of reviewed studies was found to be poor and data heterogeneity prevented a meta-analysis. Therefore, the therapeutic efficacy of ESCS remains inconclusive.
NEUROREHABILITATION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Giuliano Taccola, Ronaldo M. Ichiyama, V. Reggie Edgerton, Parag Gad
Summary: This review discusses the physiological states of spinal networks, highlighting the stochastic modulation by changing ensembles of proprioceptive and supraspinal input. Spinal epidural interfaces offer a platform for studying spinal network dynamics post-injury. Low-frequency epidural pulses can evoke motor responses with oscillatory patterns. The neural variability among spinal networks is seen as a fundamental mechanism of network design rather than noise interfering with movement control.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rajat Emanuel Singh, Aliya Ahmadi, Ann M. Parr, Uzma Samadani, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Theoden I. Netoff, David P. Darrow
Summary: Multiple studies have shown that epidural spinal cord stimulation (eSCS) can restore volitional motor control in participants with motor-complete spinal cord injury (SCI). However, there has been a lack of rigorous quantitative descriptions of muscle coordination. In this study, six participants with chronic SCI underwent a brain motor control assessment (BMCA) to investigate the impact of eSCS on muscle activity complexity and muscle synergies. Results showed that eSCS immediately reduced muscle activity complexity and improved coordination between muscle groups over time. Muscle synergies were also restored with eSCS, supporting the neural hypothesis of muscle synergies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Claudia A. Angeli, Yury Gerasimenko
Summary: Combining cervical transcutaneous and lumbar epidural stimulation improves voluntary control and coordination during intentional stepping in individuals with chronic motor complete paralysis. The range of motion, motor output amplitude, and coordination are improved in non-weight bearing settings, while coordination and motor output variability are improved in weight-bearing settings.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jaclyn R. Wecht, William M. Savage, Grace O. Famodimu, Gregory A. Mendez, Jonah M. Levine, Matthew T. Maher, Joseph P. Weir, Jill M. Wecht, Jason B. Carmel, Yu-Kuang Wu, Noam Y. Harel
Summary: The study found that subthreshold TSCS can facilitate hand muscle responses to motor cortex stimulation, especially when the TSCS arrives simultaneously or slightly after the cortical stimulation, indicating the potential for enhanced synaptic plasticity in circuits serving hand function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samineh Mesbah, Tyler Ball, Claudia Angeli, Enrico Rejc, Nicholas Dietz, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Susan Harkema, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: The study found that in individuals with clinically motor complete spinal cord injury, the extent of recovery of lower limb voluntary movements with scES is significantly influenced by the percentage of lumbosacral enlargement coverage by the electrode array and the position of the electrode relative to the lumbosacral enlargement and conus tip.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samineh Mesbah, Tyler Ball, Claudia Angeli, Enrico Rejc, Nicholas Dietz, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Susan Harkema, Maxwell Boakye
Summary: The study showed that in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury, there was a significant correlation between the coverage rate of lumbosacral enlargement by the electrode array and the position of the electrode, and the number of joints moved during voluntary lower limb movements. However, there was no significant correlation between the cross-section area of the spinal cord at C3 or the length of severe myelomalacia and the ability to move the lower limbs voluntarily.
Article
Physiology
Jaime Ibanez, Claudia A. Angeli, Susan J. Harkema, Dario Farina, Enrico Rejc
Summary: After motor complete spinal cord injury, the human spinal cord receiving epidural stimulation can promote both orderly and inverse trends of motor neuron recruitment. The engagement of spinal networks involved in the generation of rhythmic activity seems to favor orderly recruitment trends.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Miki Kaneshige, Kei Obara, Michiaki Suzuki, Toshiki Tazoe, Yukio Nishimura
Summary: Spinal stimulation can amplify and shape the muscle responses and torque outputs, helping restore motor function after impairment. The effects are dependent on the direction and level of voluntary torque.
Review
Neurosciences
Elzbieta Jankowska
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Elzbieta Jankowska, Dominik Kaczmarek, Francesco Bolzoni, Ingela Hammar
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
D. Kaczmarek, J. Ristikankare, E. Jankowska
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
M. Baczyk, E. Jankowska
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesco Bolzoni, Elzbieta Jankowska
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Elzbieta Jankowska, Dominik Kaczmarek, Ingela Hammar
Summary: This study investigates whether the refractoriness of nerve fibres can be modulated by their depolarisation and the potential long-term effects on excitability and refractory period. The results demonstrate that epidural depolarisation can lead to significant changes in both excitability and refractory period of dorsal column fibres.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Elzbieta Jankowska
Summary: This article reviews the principles of integration of afferent information by spinal interneurons and suggests that these principles apply to unexplored cases as well. Based on functional and morphological studies, as well as the morphology and immunochemistry of afferent fibers, five basic principles of afferent information processing by spinal interneurons are outlined.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dominik Kaczmarek, Elzbieta Jankowska
Summary: In this study, the potential involvement of non-inactivating sodium channels in afferent fibres during trans-spinal stimulation combined with epidural polarization was investigated. The results suggest that the persistent sodium current may play a role in the sustained post-polarization-evoked effects but is not fully involved in both the induction and the expression of these effects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)