Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maryam Ebrahimiazar, Ladan Eskandarian, Samuele Amadio, Andre Khayat, Nasser Ashgriz, Milad Alizadeh-Meghrazi
Summary: After the rapid spread of SARS-Cov-2 virus, the use of masks was suggested by WHO to reduce transmission. However, the disposal of masks and the pollution caused by non-woven materials are concerning. This study developed a reusable mask with multilayer knit fabrics, showing high filtration efficiency and pressure drop. The mask maintained its performance after 50 wash/dry cycles, indicating its reusability.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Brian Flax, Andrew Tortora, Yen Yeung, Wayne W. Schubert, Gerald McDonnell
Summary: This study developed an antimicrobial model for interplanetary sterilization processes based on experimental data of temperature and exposure time, taking into consideration microorganisms with higher heat resistance than those traditionally used in terrestrial applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Connor J. Doherty, Leah M. Mann, Sarah A. Angus, Jason S. Chan, Yannick Molgat-Seon, Paolo B. Dominelli
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of wearing cloth or surgical masks on the cardiopulmonary responses to moderate-intensity exercise. The results showed that wearing a mask during exercise may increase dyspnea but has minimal impact on the cardiopulmonary response.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jin Pan, Charbel Harb, Weinan Leng, Linsey C. Marr
Summary: The study found that vacuum bags performed the best in terms of filtration efficiency, while thin acrylic and face shields performed the worst. The fit of the mask is crucial for both inward and outward protection efficiency. A recommendation is made for a three-layer mask for optimal filtration efficiency.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
I. Aguado-Maestro, M. De Frutos-Serna, A. Gonzalez-Nava, A. B. Merino-De Santos, M. Garcia-Alonso
Summary: The study found that high temperatures reached during the 3D printing process can decrease the bacterial load of biomodels, but there is still a potential risk of contamination. It is recommended to sterilize in-hospital 3D-printed PLA hollow biomodels or guides with Ethylene Oxide to minimize the risk of contamination.
INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jorge Mauricio Fuentes, Marina Patricia Arrieta, Teodomiro Boronat, Santiago Ferrandiz
Summary: Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is widely used in the surgical sector for the production of tailor-made single-use surgical devices. In this study, 3D-printed parts made from different materials were subjected to moist heat (MH) and dry heat (DH) sterilization processes. The results showed that the different materials exhibited varying degrees of performance degradation after sterilization, with dry heat treatment being more suitable for medical applications that do not require high dimensional accuracy or great mechanical demands.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Amit Kumar, Shailesh Joshi, Subramanian Venkatesan, Venkatraman Balasubramanian
Summary: This study evaluated the performance and effectiveness of N95 respirators under different sterilization methods, and found that dry air heat and H2O2 soaking are the most suitable sterilization methods. Dry air heat and H2O2 sterilization did not significantly degrade the physical, chemical, and morphological properties of the respirator layers.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rashid El Abed, Dana Al Raeesi, Aisha Alshehhi, Zuhair Alkhatib, Amar H. Khamis, Mohamed Jamal, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of mechanical loading and heating on the cyclic fatigue and torsional fracture resistances of heat-treated nickel-titanium files after usage and autoclaving. The results showed that autoclave sterilization did not improve the fracture resistance of the files, but used files had higher cyclic fatigue resistance compared to sterilized files. The torsional toughness and distortional angle were higher in new files compared to used and sterilized files.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdul Karim Darkal, Mhd Mouayad Zuraik, Yannick Ney, Muhmmad Jawad Nasim, Claus Jacob
Summary: The translation shows that Fomes fomentarius is a common wood-based fungus with unique porous structure and interesting phytochemicals. The resulting micro-suspensions from wet or dry ball milling exhibit excellent antioxidant activities, providing a potential avenue to unleash antioxidant potential of materials like sponges and barks.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Rashid El Abed, Aisha Alshehhi, Yoo Jung Kang, Dana Al Raeesi, Amar H. Khamis, Mohamed Jamal, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated nickel-titanium files after usage and autoclaving. The results showed that the cyclic fatigue resistance of the files may decrease after usage, and further decrease after sterilization.
JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Malgorzata Zimniewska, Henryk Witmanowski, Anna Kicinska-Jakubowska, Arkadiusz Jundzill, Edyta Kwiatkowska, Barbara Romanowska, Lukasz B. Malinowski
Summary: This study explores the possibility of reusing disposable masks during the pandemic period, with results showing that surgical masks subjected to threefold gas sterilization can be recommended for reuse. This method not only reduces the volume of mask waste, but also ensures user safety.
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Diego Moraes De Matheus, Erica Alves Gomes, Daphne Camara Barcellos, Elizabeth Pimentel Rosetti, Rogerio Margonar
Summary: This study evaluated the dimensional stability of prototyped surgical guides after autoclave and 2% glutaraldehyde sterilization. The results showed that autoclave sterilization caused dimensional alteration, while 2% glutaraldehyde sterilization did not. Chemical sterilization with 2% glutaraldehyde is a favorable choice for maintaining the linear precision of the prototype surgical guides.
JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dragan Milosevic, Ariane Middel, Stevan Savic, Jelena Dunjic, Kevin Lau, Rastislav Stojsavljevic
Summary: This study compares thermal sensation and protective behavior in different urban spaces in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that the main square in the city center is the most uncomfortable and least safe area, while the urban park is the most comfortable and safest outdoor space. The survey reveals that most people do not wear face masks in hot weather due to breathing issues and feeling warmer with a mask.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hongzhi Yan, Bin Hu, Ruzhu Wang
Summary: Sterilization is crucial in preventing the spread of COVID-19, and steam sterilization is a method that is easily maintained and applicable in various scenarios. A newly proposed clean and flexible steam generation system shows high efficiency and economic performance, effectively responding to the surging sterilization demands during the peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic and aligning with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Basheer Aaliya, Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal Sunooj, Chillapalli Babu Sri Rajkumar, Muhammed Navaf, Plachikkattu Parambil Akhila, Cherakkathodi Sudheesh, Johnsy George, Maximilian Lackner
Summary: Talipot starch, extracted from the stem pith of talipot palm, showed increased phosphorous content and crosslinking after thermal treatments and phosphorylation. Autoclave pretreatment before phosphorylation resulted in the highest degree of crosslinking, improving the starch gel properties. Overall, thermal pretreatment enhanced the gel strength and resistance of phosphorylated talipot starch.
Article
Electrochemistry
Vidyashri Poojari, Dheeraj Devadiga, Niveditha Hegde, D. N. Sangeetha, M. S. Santosh, M. Selvakumar
JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
D. N. Sangeetha, Niveditha Hegde, Vidyashri Poojari, Dheeraj Devadiga, Y. N. Sudhakar, M. S. Santosh, M. Selvakumar
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2020)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Maithili K. Rao, D. N. Sangeetha, M. Selvakumar, Y. N. Sudhakar, M. G. Mahesha
Summary: Perovskite solar cells have achieved high efficiency, surpassing other types of solar cells like Dye-Sensitized Solar cells. Despite technological advancements, commercialization remains a significant challenge. Stability and environmental challenges are key issues to be addressed in the field.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Sujatha Pavan Narayanam, Amit Kumar, Usha Pujala, V. Subramanian, C. V. Srinivas, R. Venkatesan, S. Athmalingam, B. Venkatraman
Summary: In the event of a core disruptive accident in sodium cooled fast reactors, understanding the behavior of sodium and fission product aerosols is crucial for nuclear reactor safety analysis. In this study, the evolution of sodium aerosol characteristics is simulated using the HAARM-S code, which is based on the method of moments. The code is updated to FORTRAN-77 and compared with measured values at an Aerosol Test Facility. The results show a maximum deviation of 30% between measured and simulated mass concentrations in the initial period, and around 50% in the later period. The influence of humidity on aerosol size growth is also studied.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Usha Pujala, Subramanian Venkatesan, Amit Kumar, Sujatha Pavan Narayanam, Venkata Srinivas Challa, Venkatraman Balasubramanian
Summary: The nuclear reactor research community is interested in the dynamics of charged aerosols in a confined environment. In this study, various charging theories for bipolar and unipolar ion field exposures were reviewed using experimental measurements with PSL aerosols and ELPI. The results show that the ratio of bipolar ions (n+/n-) marginally increases as more negative ions get attached to aerosols. The charge level obtained from generation reduces under a bipolar ion field but increases enormously under a unipolar ion field.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROSTATICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Amit Kumar, Shailesh Joshi, Subramanian Venkatesan, Venkatraman Balasubramanian
Summary: This study evaluated the performance and effectiveness of N95 respirators under different sterilization methods, and found that dry air heat and H2O2 soaking are the most suitable sterilization methods. Dry air heat and H2O2 sterilization did not significantly degrade the physical, chemical, and morphological properties of the respirator layers.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. N. Sangeetha, M. Selvakumar, P. Selvaraj, S. Senthilkumar
Summary: Porous reduced graphene oxide (prGO) and NiCo2S4 composite were prepared hydrothermally and used as electrode materials for supercapacitors (EC) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The study showed that symmetric supercapacitors exhibited a much higher specific capacitance (SC), reaching up to fifty times the original value. The composite also displayed good HER activity with a low Tafel slope value of -57 mV dec(-1).
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. N. Sangeetha, M. Selvakumar, P. Selvaraj, S. Senthil Kumar
Summary: The development of two-dimensional composite materials is crucial for meeting the high energy demand. In this study, nitrogen-doped porous reduced graphene oxide (N-prGO) and NiCo2S4-acetylene black (NiCo2S4-AB) were synthesized by hydrothermal method for supercapacitor and hydrogen evolution reaction applications. The synthesized N-prGO/NiCo2S4-AB composite showed superior performance in terms of specific capacitance, power density, and hydrogen production, highlighting its potential in energy conversion/storage applications.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Parthkumar Rajendrabhai Patel, Amit Kumar, A. John Arul
Summary: This study investigates the evolution and transport of aerosol in the cover gas space of sodium-cooled fast reactors. The model is validated against experimental data and shows good agreement. The study finds that the mass concentration of aerosol is uniform in the cover gas space, but non-uniform in the annular regions.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Amit Kumar, Usha Pujala, E. Hemanth Rao, G. Venkat Reddy, V. Subramanian, Sanjay Kumar Das, D. Ponraju, B. Venkatraman
Summary: In the event of a Core Disruptive Accident in a sodium-cooled fast reactor, sodium will be released and result in a sodium fire in the Reactor Containment Building (RCB). The dispersion and suspension of sodium aerosols inside the containment are crucial factors in determining the Environment Source Term (EST). Therefore, it is important to conduct safety analysis of the reactor using computational tools and validate the models with experimental data on aerosol dynamics and thermal hydraulics within the containment.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amit Kumar, D. N. Sangeetha, Ramani Yuvaraj, M. Menaka, Venkatesan Subramanian, Balasubramanian Venkatraman
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has made wearing masks mandatory, with N95 masks providing high filtration efficiency and reusable after sterilization, while cloth masks are more suitable for the general public during this crisis.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
D. N. Sangeetha, M. S. Santosh, M. Selvakumar
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2020)