Article
Cell Biology
Laura E. Sanman, Ina W. Chen, Jake M. Bieber, Veronica Steri, Coralie Trentesaux, Byron Hann, Ophir D. Klein, Lani F. Wu, Steven J. Altschuler
Summary: By investigating the responses of intestinal epithelium to different signaling pathways, it was found that modulation of transit-amplifying cell proliferation can change the ratio of differentiated cell types, highlighting the important role of transit-amplifying cells in tuning differentiated cell-type composition.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
SeungHye Han, Minho Lee, Youngjin Shin, Regina Giovanni, Ram P. Chakrabarty, Mariana M. Herrerias, Laura A. Dada, Annette S. Flozak, Paul A. Reyfman, Basil Khuder, Colleen R. Reczek, Lin Gao, Jose Lopez-Barneo, Cara J. Gottardi, G. R. Scott Budinger, Navdeep S. Chandel
Summary: Alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) cells are necessary for gas exchange, while alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells play a role in lung development and repair. In this study, deleting a specific subunit of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I in lung epithelial cells led to abnormal alveolar development and death. Restoring NAD(+) regeneration was able to correct the developmental defects and prevent lethality. These findings highlight the importance of mitochondrial complex I-dependent NAD(+) regeneration in directing cell fate during lung development.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Seungil Kim, Yun-Chan Shin, Tae-Young Kim, Yeji Kim, Yong-Soo Lee, Su-Hyun Lee, Mi-Na Kim, O. Eunju, Kwang Soon Kim, Mi-Na Kweon
Summary: Mucin-degrading bacteria, such as A. muciniphila, can promote the proliferation of intestinal stem cells and differentiation of specific cell types in the small intestine and colon. Additionally, treatment with A. muciniphila leads to higher levels of acetic and propionic acids in the cecal contents of mice. Furthermore, pre-treatment with A. muciniphila can reduce gut damage caused by radiation and methotrexate, suggesting a potential role in intestinal homeostasis maintenance.
Article
Immunology
Shawn Goyal, Derek K. L. Tsang, Charles Maisonneuve, Stephen E. Girardin
Summary: This review highlights the influence of intestinal microbiota on host intestinal epithelial cells, focusing on the roles of microbial-derived products and how they regulate the dynamics of intestinal epithelial populations and barrier function.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Semir Beyaz, Charlie Chung, Haiwei Mou, Khristian E. Bauer-Rowe, Michael E. Xifaras, Ilgin Ergin, Lenka Dohnalova, Moshe Biton, Karthik Shekhar, Onur Eskiocak, Katherine Papciak, Kadir Ozler, Mohammad Almeqdadi, Brian Yueh, Miriam Fein, Damodaran Annamalai, Eider Valle-Encinas, Aysegul Erdemir, Karoline Dogum, Vyom Shah, Aybuke Alici-Garipcan, Hannah V. Meyer, Deniz M. Ozata, Eran Elinav, Alper Kucukural, Pawan Kumar, Jeremy P. McAleer, James G. Fox, Christoph A. Thaiss, Aviv Regev, Jatin Roper, Stuart H. Orkin, Omer H. Yilmaz
Summary: A high-fat diet reduces MHC class II gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells, affecting microbiome diversity. The expression of epithelial MHC class II is regulated by intestinal flora through PRR and IFNg signaling. MHC-II-ISCs have greater tumor-initiating capacity compared to MHC-II+ counterparts under the influence of a high-fat diet, showing the role of immune surveillance in suppressing tumorigenesis.
Review
Immunology
Fatina Siwczak, Elise Loffet, Mathilda Kaminska, Hristina Koceva, Maxime M. Mahe, Alexander S. Mosig
Summary: The article discusses the anatomical structure and biological functions of the gut, introduces the method of using organ-on-chip technology for research, and discusses the latest developments and future research directions on intestinal stem cell differentiation, tissue formation, and the interaction of the gut with the microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martijn A. J. Koppens, Hayley Davis, Gabriel N. Valbuena, Eoghan J. Mulholland, Nadia Nasreddin, Mathilde Colombe, Agne Antanaviciute, Sujata Biswas, Matthias Friedrich, Lennard Lee, Lai Mun Wang, Viktor H. Koelzer, James E. East, Alison Simmons, Douglas J. Winton, Simon J. Leedham
Summary: The study reveals that BMP signaling inhibits dedifferentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, and attenuation of the BMP pathway through stromal upregulation of Grem1 is essential for adaptive reprogramming in intestinal regeneration. However, the functional impact of this intervention is submaximal, suggesting potential therapeutic pathway manipulation in inflammatory bowel disease.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Caihan Duan, Junhao Wu, Zhe Wang, Chen Tan, Lingzhi Hou, Wei Qian, Chaoqun Han, Xiaohua Hou
Summary: The study found that fucose can accelerate the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which is related to gut microbiota and metabolism. Fucose promotes Akkermansia-related propanoate metabolism to accelerate ISC-mediated intestinal epithelial development, and this effect is achieved through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. These findings provide new insights into the promotion of gut homeostasis and the potential application of fucose as a prebiotic.
Article
Oncology
Li Guo, Fei Da, Qiaohui Gao, Xia Miao, Juan Guo, Wei Zhang, Jing Li, Jin Wang, Junye Liu
Summary: Radiation-induced intestinal injury is associated with disorders of bile acids metabolism, and treatment with lithocholic acid (LCA) had a protective effect against radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice by modulating TGR5 and YAP1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yanan An, Chao Wang, Baozhen Fan, Ziqi Wang, Ying Li, Feng Kong, Chengjun Zhou, Zhang Cao, Mingxia Wang, Hui Sun, Shengtian Zhao, Yongfeng Gong
Summary: LSR deficiency in intestinal stem cells leads to the disappearance of Paneth cells and disruption of intestinal homeostasis. LSR acts as an upstream negative regulator of YAP activity, which is essential for Paneth cell differentiation, and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for necrotizing enterocolitis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chenbin Cui, Xinru Wang, Yao Zheng, Lindeng Li, Fangke Wang, Hongkui Wei, Jian Peng
Summary: A study found that treatment with deoxynivalenol (DON) reduced the number of Paneth cells in mouse intestines. However, disrupting Paneth cells using dithizone worsened intestinal injury and affected intestinal stem cells and microbiota in DON-treated mice. Surprisingly, the number of goblet cells and proliferative cells increased after treatment with dithizone and DON.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aiguo Tian, Virginia Morejon, Sarah Kohoutek, Yi-Chun Huang, Wu-Min Deng, Jin Jiang
Summary: In the Drosophila intestine, infection with pathogenic bacteria induces enteroblasts (ISC progenies) to enter the mitotic cycle through upregulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-Ras signaling pathway. The regenerative ISCs are produced through mitosis of enteroblasts, which do not gain ISC identity before dividing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Liu, Shuyu Guo, Xing Chen, Shuhui Yang, Xi Deng, Mingxia Tu, Yufei Tao, Wenliang Xiang, Yu Rao
Summary: This study found that biofilm probiotics have better performance in immune modulation and microbiota composition, and are more active in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Through the production of various metabolites, they may impact the host's intestinal microbiome and immune activity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Danni Yu, Quanhui Dai, Zixiang Wang, Steven X. Hou, Ling V. Sun
Summary: This study aimed to explore the role of ARF1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and reveal the possible mechanism. The results showed that ARF1 is essential for ISC proliferation and differentiation. Loss of ARF1 increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis and gut microbial dysbiosis. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis revealed alterations in multiple metabolic pathways.
Article
Cell Biology
Xi Liu, Peter Nagy, Alessandro Bonfini, Philip Houtz, Xiao-Li Bing, Xiaowei Yang, Nicolas Buchon
Summary: Gut microbes play an important role in the differentiation of gut stem cells, influencing epithelial composition and gut physiology. The balance between microbial pattern recognition pathways and damage response pathways is crucial for stem cell differentiation.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Song Li, Jielun Hu, Haoyingye Yao, Fang Geng, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This review explores the effects of different galactans on gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids. It summarizes the structural characteristics of four types of galactans and discusses the ability of gut microbiota to utilize them. The findings suggest potential applications of galactans as functional foods.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Bing Zheng, Xingtao Zhou, Xiaobo Hu, Yi Chen, Jianhua Xie, Qiang Yu
Summary: Polysaccharides have various biological activities, making them a potential natural drug for treating diseases. Apoptosis and autophagy play important roles in human health, and the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by polysaccharides varies in different disease models. This review summarizes the relationship between apoptosis/autophagy and common human diseases, and discusses the role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway in regulating human health by polysaccharides.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ming-Yue Li, Yi Liu, Kin Weng Kong, Fang Geng, Hong-Yan Liu, Ren-You Gan
Summary: In this study, different cultivars of broccoli seeds and sprouts were investigated for their metabolites, antioxidant properties, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC). The sprouts of Lv Hua (LH), You Xiu (YX), and Bi Lv (BL) had significant differences in metabolites compared to their respective seeds. The linoleic acid metabolism pathway was found to be significant in all three cultivars. Overall, this study provides scientific support for the selection of broccoli cultivars for germination and product development.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuedong Gu, Xinping Chang, Lin Yang, Yangzom Chamba, Fang Geng
Summary: Protein profiles in the livers of three Tibetan pig breeds were analyzed using quantitative proteomics. The results showed differences in protein expression related to detoxification, lipid metabolism, immune response, and immune regulation. These differences are likely adaptations to the ecological environment at different altitudes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Luo, Yisha Xu, Xuedong Gu, Jiamin Zhang, Jinqiu Wang, Fang Geng
Summary: The Tibetan pig is a unique breed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with distinct physiological and meat quality attributes. A comparative study of liver lipid profiles revealed significant differences between Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs raised at different altitudes. Tibetan pigs had higher abundance of triglycerides and changes in some phospholipids, while Yorkshire pigs had higher abundance of triglycerides, cholesteryl esters, and free fatty acids, and decreases in some phospholipids. This research provides important support for the high-quality development of the highland livestock industry.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiaying Zhao, Yanjie Hou, Bijing Guan, Tao Hong, Xiaoxiao Song, Junyi Yin, Fang Geng, Shaoping Nie
Summary: A novel pectic polysaccharide FAOP was extracted from Fructus aurantii, characterized by a high methyl-esterification degree and a backbone composed of α-GalpA and α-GalpA-6-O-methyl linkages. The introduction of Ca2+ improved the emulsion stability of FAOP by forming a solid-like gel emulsion. These findings suggest the potential application of Fructus aurantii pectin as a food stabilizer and thickener.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yu Wu, Wengan Zhou, RuTing Feng, Duoduo Zhang, Yongkang Yu, Zuanyuan Huang, Junyi Yin, Xingtao Zhou, Shaoping Nie
Summary: The immunomodulatory effects of glucan from fruit body of Dictyophora rubrovolvata (DRP) were evaluated in this study. It was found that DRP can recover CTX-induced immunosuppression and activate dendritic cells (DCs) to increase cytokine secretion. The study also revealed that DRP regulates the AKT-STAT1 signaling pathway via Mincle in DCs to induce CD4(+) T cell proliferation and differentiation, thereby ameliorating CTX-induced immunosuppression.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mohan Li, Dian Zhou, Di Wu, Xia Hu, Jie Hu, Fang Geng, Lei Cheng
Summary: Alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-La), a vital component in whey protein, interacts with edible azo pigments during processing. Spectroscopic analysis and computer simulation revealed that the binding mechanism between acid red 27 (C27)/acidic red B (FB) and alpha-La is static quenching with medium affinity, driven mainly by hydrophobic forces. This interaction leads to changes in the secondary structure and surface hydrophobicity of alpha-La, ultimately affecting its conformation and functionality. The study provides a theoretical basis for the application of edible azo pigments.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiaopeng Qin, Fan Yang, Haohe Sun, Xiao Yu, Qianchun Deng, Yashu Chen, Fenghong Huang, Fang Geng, Xiaoqiao Tang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of microwave treatment on the physicochemical stability and gastrointestinal digestion of oil bodies (OBs) in flaxseed milk. Microwave treatment slightly weakened the physical stability of flaxseed milk, but no phase separation was observed during 21 days of storage. The OBs in flaxseed milk underwent encapsulation and embedding by storage protein-gum polysaccharide complex, resulting in lower viscoelasticity. During digestion, the OBs experienced interface collapse, lipolysis, micellar absorption, and faster transport of chylomicrons in rats. The remodeling of OBs interface facilitated the accumulation and conversion of α-linolenic acid in the jejunal tissue.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shan Zhang, Hongjian Chen, Fang Geng, Bijun Xie, Zhida Sun, Qingde Huang, Dengfeng Peng, Yashu Chen, Qianchun Deng
Summary: This study applied tepidity-ultrasonic (TU) method to incorporate ll-carotene into flaxseed oil bodies (FOB). Measurements from LSCM, AFM, and Cryo-SEM demonstrated that TU induced FOB membrane transformation and greatly promoted ll-carotene encapsulation. After 30 days of storage, the relative encapsulation efficiency of ll-carotene in FOB-ll-TU remained at 84.06%. This study reveals the possibility of solvent-free assisted encapsulation of hydrophobic bioactive substances in natural oil bodies through the synergistic effect of tepidity-stirring and ultrasonic.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Jinxuan Cao, Ying Wang, Changyu Zhou, Fang Geng
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jing Zhang, Yali Song, Xia Hu, Zhen Zeng, Jie Hu, Tingting Zeng, Fang Geng, Di Wu
Summary: Zein-encapsulated phlorizin nanoparticles and zein/gum arabic-co-encapsulated phlorizin nanoparticles were prepared and added to yogurt to make fortified yogurt. The nanoparticles improved the antioxidant capacity and water-holding capacity of yogurt, providing a reference for the development of functional yogurt containing flavonoid compounds.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wei Luo, Xialei Liu, Beibei Wang, Di Wu, Jinqiu Wang, Fang Geng
Summary: In this study, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry strategy was used to analyze the lipid alterations in egg yolk after spray-drying and accelerated storage. The results showed that spray-drying caused lipid oxidation, potential hydrolysis of phospholipids, and alteration of certain polyunsaturated fatty acids in egg yolk. These lipid alterations were further aggravated by the accelerated storage process. The study provides valuable insight into the changes in egg yolk properties during processing and storage.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Kelly E. Rentscher, Wanting Zhai, Brent J. Small, Jaeil Ahn, Tim A. Ahles, Traci N. Bethea, Elizabeth C. Breen, Harvey J. Cohen, Martine Extermann, Deena M. A. Graham, Paul B. Jacobsen, Heather S. L. Jim, Brenna C. McDonald, Zev M. Nakamura, Sunita K. Patel, James C. Root, Andrew J. Saykin, Danielle B. Tometich, Kathleen M. Van Dyk, Xingtao Zhou, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, Judith E. Carroll
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qiaoyan Wang, Changyu Zhou, Qiang Xia, Daodong Pan, Lihui Du, Jun He, Yangying Sun, Fang Geng, Jinxuan Cao
Summary: The effect of pH treatments on the coacervation mechanism of carrageenan and fibrinogen hydrolysates was investigated. Hydrogels derived from the hydrolysis of alcalase showed the best properties at pH 7.0. These hydrogels had the highest gel strength, best viscoelasticity, and smaller pore sizes. They also showed strong antioxidant capacity and improved preservation times in meat samples.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2024)
