Article
Behavioral Sciences
Peng Xu, Miaojun Lai, Dan Fu, Huifen Liu, Youmei Wang, Haowei Shen, Wenhua Zhou
Summary: The study investigated the abuse potential of two pyrrolidinylated second-generation cathinones: 4-chloro-alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (4cl-alpha-PVP) and 4-chloro-alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (4cl-alpha-PPP). Both substances produced reinforcing effects and fully substituted for the subjective effects of METH, suggesting similar abuse potential to METH.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hannes Max Schwelm, Mattias Persson, Benedikt Pulver, Max Vincent Huss, Henrik Green, Volker Auwaerter
Summary: 1-(2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (3,4-Pr-PipVP), a new synthetic cathinone, was discovered in Germany in 2022. It was initially thought to contain a novel bicyclo[4.2.0]octatrienyl function but was later found to contain a scheduled indanyl ring. It is one of the few SCats with a piperidine ring and showed low potency as a blocker of monoamine transporters.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Tse-Hao Chen, Hsien-Yi Chen, Chih-Chuan Lin, Sung-Wei Liu, Te- Weng, Cheng-Chung Fang, Jiun-Hao Yu, Yen-Chia Chen, Yu-Jang Su
Summary: This study aimed to understand the clinical characteristics of NPS users presenting to the emergency department. The results showed that NPS users were younger, more likely to experience facial flush and palpitation, and more prone to self-harm, violence, and suicide compared to non-NPS drug users. Physicians should pay attention to patients with altered mental states and the described clinical characteristics.
JOURNAL OF FORENSIC AND LEGAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gniewko Wieckiewicz, Iga Stoklosa, Maciej Stoklosa, Wlodzimierz Wieckiewicz, Piotr Gorczyca, Tomasz M. Gondek
Summary: ADHD is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder that was thought to primarily affect children and diminish with age, but it is now known that symptoms can persist into adulthood for over 50% of patients. Many undiagnosed individuals turn to psychoactive substances to alleviate symptoms and improve their quality of life.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
David E. Nichols
Summary: At first glance, the molecular structures of MDMA and MDA seem similar, but their activity stereochemistry differs. MDMA is distinct from classical hallucinogenic phenethylamines in structure and psychopharmacology. It promotes affiliative social behavior, has acute anxiolytic effects, and induces introspection and personal reflection. Its mechanism of action involves the transport and release of neuronal serotonin.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Brady L. Weber, Jasmin N. Beaver, T. Lee Gilman
Summary: This mini review summarizes the current literature on the behavioral effects of uptake 2, with a focus on stress responsivity, psychostimulant responsivity, and antidepressant responsivity. The reviewed studies highlight the need for the development of selective uptake 2-inhibiting drugs.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chia-Heng Lin, Jiahn-Jyh Chen, Chia-Hsiang Chan
Summary: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with synthetic cathinone intoxication and methamphetamine intoxication admitted to psychiatric emergency departments in Taiwan. The results showed that both groups exhibited similar clinical severity of psychotic symptoms and high risks of violence and self-harm. However, patients with synthetic cathinone intoxication had a higher rate of physical complications.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yifei Yang, Dawei Yu, Xiaoyin Zhu, Guangying Du, Wenyan Wang, Fangxia Zou, Hongbo Wang, Rui Zhang, Liang Ye, Jingwei Tian
Summary: A novel series of dihydrotetrabenazine derivative analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their effects on VMAT2, with compound 13e showing promising affinity and inhibition. This compound also exhibited increased stability compared to other VMAT2 inhibitors and effectively suppressed locomotor activity in rats, suggesting its potential as a lead compound for TD treatment development.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hsin-Tzu Yeh, Hsien-Yi Chen, Sung-Wei Liu, Te- Weng, Cheng-Chung Fang, Jiun-Hao Yu, Yen-Chia Chen, Yu-Jang Su, Shi-Ying Gao, Chih-Chuan Lin
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of mortality in illicit drug users involving Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) to improve patient care in emergency treatment. The results showed that age, consciousness, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, seizures, abnormal breath sounds, and certain biochemical indicators were associated with mortality. Risk stratification and determining the optimal treatment can help improve survival rates in illicit drug users.
Article
Neurosciences
Yoshitsugu Nakamura, Shigeki Arawaka, Hiroyasu Sato, Asuka Sasaki, Taro Shigekiyo, Kazue Takahata, Hiroko Tsunekawa, Takeo Kato
Summary: Inhibiting MAO-B enzymatic activity can facilitate the secretion of alpha-synuclein and delay protein aggregation and loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease models.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo Hyun Lee, Bertil Hille, Duk-Su Koh
Summary: The pineal gland secretes melatonin at night, regulated by sympathetic nerve terminals. The secretion of 5-HT is primarily through a specific transporter, and activation of receptors on pinealocytes affects melatonin release.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
J. M. Matey, Gemma Montalvo, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Felix Zapata, Adrian Lopez-Fernandez, Maria A. Martinez
Summary: This study reevaluated ten former cases from Madrid's National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Science, finding polyconsumption of other drugs and NPS in cases with positive ketamine consumption, which opened up the possibility of conducting a prevalence study on NPS.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Erin K. Nagy, Jonna M. Leyrer-Jackson, Lauren E. Hood, Amanda M. Acuna, M. Foster Olive
Summary: This study found that prolonged intake of MDPV can cause persistent changes in PFC cytokine levels, but the functional consequences of these changes remain unclear.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Subramanian Thangaleela, Durairaj Ragu Varman, Karunanithi Sivasangari, Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan
Summary: Social defeat affects spatial learning and memory in goldfish, while MAO inhibitor pre-treatment can protect against this effect.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Camila Diana Lima, Larissa Magalhaes de Almeida Melo, Luciano Chaves Arantes, Nathalia dos Santos Conceicao, Izabela de Franca Schaffel, Lara Lima Machado, Rafael de Queiroz Ferreira, Wallans Torres Pio dos Santos
Summary: This study presents the electrochemical detection of 3',4'-Methylenedioxy-N-tert-butylcathinone (MDPT) using screen printed electrodes modified with carbon nanofibers. The proposed method showed high selectivity and stability for MDPT determination, making it a fast and simple screening method in forensic analysis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anna M. Becker, Friederike Holze, Tanja Grandinetti, Aaron Klaiber, Vanja E. Toedtli, Karolina E. Kolaczynska, Urs Duthaler, Nimmy Varghese, Anne Eckert, Edna Grunblatt, Matthias E. Liechti
Summary: The study examined the interaction between escitalopram and psilocybin in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Escitalopram pretreatment was found to reduce certain negative effects of psilocybin, but further research is needed to fully understand the interactions between antidepressants and psilocybin in patients with psychiatric disorders.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Karolina E. Kolaczynska, Dino Luethi, Daniel Trachsel, Marius C. Hoener, Matthias E. Liechti
Summary: The psychedelic alkaloids, scalines and 3C-scalines, were found to have similar effects to mescaline and could potentially be used as novel therapeutics for psychedelic-assisted therapy. These compounds interacted with various monoamine receptors, with higher affinity observed at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karolina E. Kolaczynska, Paula Ducret, Daniel Trachsel, Marius C. Hoener, Matthias E. Liechti, Dino Luethi
Summary: This article examines the pharmacological properties of MDA analogs and related amphetamine-based compounds, including monoamine uptake inhibition and release, as well as transporter and receptor binding and activation properties. The study finds that some MDA analogs have similar pharmacological profiles to MDMA, while others have more pronounced dopaminergic activity. Further research on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these drugs is needed to better evaluate their risks and therapeutic potential.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dino Luethi, Deborah Rudin, Marius C. Hoener, Mattias E. Liechti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deborah Rudin, Dino Luethi, Marius C. Hoener, Matthias E. Liechti
Article
Neurosciences
Friederike Holze, Laura Ley, Felix Muller, Anna M. Becker, Isabelle Straumann, Patrick Vizeli, Sebastian Silva Kuehne, Marc A. Roder, Urs Duthaler, Karolina E. Kolaczynska, Nimmy Varghese, Anne Eckert, Matthias E. Liechti
Summary: This study compared the subjective and autonomic effects of LSD and psilocybin, finding that the higher doses of both substances produced similar subjective effects, but psilocybin had weaker effects at a lower dose. Additionally, LSD and psilocybin showed differences in their effects on heart rate and blood pressure.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniil Grinchii, Marius C. Hoener, Talah Khoury, Roman Dekhtiarenko, Reyhaneh Nejati Bervanlou, Daniela Jezova, Eliyahu Dremencov
Summary: Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) has been identified as a potential target for future antidepressant, antipsychotic, and anti-addiction drugs. Studies have shown that TAAR1 agonists can produce antidepressant, antipsychotic, and anti-addiction behavioral effects in rodents and primates, and these effects are associated with the modulation of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
David A. Barnes, Marius C. Hoener, Craig S. Moore, Mark D. Berry
Summary: This study reveals the role of Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) in modulating cytokine secretion and metabolic profiles in peripherally-derived macrophages. It also suggests a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders. However, TAAR1 does not have the same effect in CNS-resident macrophages.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Adam L. Halberstadt, Dino Luethi, Marius C. Hoener, Daniel Trachsel, Simon D. Brandt, Matthias E. Liechti
Summary: This study investigated the structure-activity relationships of 4-thio-substituted phenylalkylamines and found that these compounds have psychedelic effects, supporting their classification as psychedelics.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bartosz Adam Frycz, Klaudia Nowicka, Anna Konopka, Marius Christian Hoener, Ewa Bulska, Leszek Kaczmarek, Marzena Stefaniuk
Summary: Alcohol dependence is characterized by abnormal dopamine release in the brain. TAAR1, a receptor that regulates dopamine neurotransmission, may be a target for treating addiction. This study examined the effects of TAAR1 activation on alcohol consumption in mice and found that activation of TAAR1 reduces alcohol drinking and preference. The findings suggest that TAAR1 is a promising target for treating alcohol abuse and relapse.
Review
Neurosciences
Ahmed Haider, Nehal H. Elghazawy, Alyaa Dawood, Catherine Gebhard, Thomas Wichmann, Wolfgang Sippl, Marius Hoener, Ernest Arenas, Steven H. Liang
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting the elderly. PD is characterized by nigrostriatal loss and the formation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein aggregates. Motor symptoms can be managed with dopaminergic therapy initially, but ultimately become unresponsive. Molecular imaging techniques such as PET and SPECT can be used to study PD.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Correction
Neurosciences
Anushka V. Goonawardena, Stephen R. Morairty, Ryan Dell, Gabriel A. Orellana, Marius C. Hoener, Tanya L. Wallace, Thomas S. Kilduff
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roberta Noseda, Matteo Franchi, Alberto Pagnamenta, Laura Muller, Alison M. Dines, Isabelle Giraudon, Fridtjof Heyerdahl, Florian Eyer, Knut Erik Hovda, Matthias E. Liechti, Oscar Miro, Odd Martin Vallersnes, Christopher Yates, Paul I. Dargan, David M. Wood, Alessandro Ceschi, Euro DEN Plus Res Grp
Summary: This study examined the characteristics and determinants of admission to critical care for patients presenting to the Emergency Department with acute recreational drug toxicity. The findings suggest that age, polydrug use, ethanol co-ingestion, and the use of specific drugs are factors associated with admission to critical care, while the use of cocaine, cannabis, heroin, and amphetamine, as well as ED arrival during the night, were associated with lower odds of admission to critical care.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)