Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Blanca Alabadi, Miguel Civera, Adrian De la Rosa, Sergio Martinez-Hervas, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Jose T. Real
Summary: The study reveals a high prevalence of frailty and elevated levels of oxidative stress in elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes, emphasizing the importance of diagnosing frailty in this population for better management of conditions associated with aging and diabetes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Blanca Alabadi, Miguel Civera, Adrian De la Rosa, Sergio Martinez-Hervas, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, Jose T. Real
Summary: Body composition changes during aging, particularly loss of lean mass, can contribute to the development of age-associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is also associated with increased oxidative stress (OS) that negatively affects skeletal muscle. This study aimed to investigate the differences in clinical and nutritional parameters, disease control, and OS in older patients with T2D based on their amount of lean mass. The findings indicate that older women with low fat-free mass and muscle mass have poorer T2D metabolic control, and those with low muscle mass exhibit higher levels of OS. Thus, low lean mass in geriatric T2D patients is associated with worse glycemic control and increased OS.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carola Buscemi, Yvelise Ferro, Roberta Pujia, Elisa Mazza, Giada Boragina, Angela Sciacqua, Salvatore Piro, Arturo Pujia, Giorgio Sesti, Silvio Buscemi, Tiziana Montalcini
Summary: This study found that elderly women with low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) had a higher likelihood of developing impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Women with sarcopenia were also at an increased risk for IFG/T2D, independent of BMI and fat mass. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in men and other age groups.
Article
Sport Sciences
Raquel Gonzalez-Martos, Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza, Julian Alcazar, Carmen Ramirez-Castillejo, Dace Reihmane, Adrian Menendez-Rey, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in old age affects the musculoskeletal system causing loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Stress-inducible proteins named sestrins may serve as novel biomarkers for muscle function. The study aimed to investigate the association between different force-velocity profiles and body composition, physical performance, and glucose control in older adults with T2DM. The results showed that older adults with T2DM exhibited different F-V profiles, which were associated with low levels of Sesn2, impaired body composition, and physical performance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ting Xia, Wen-Jie Xu, Yan-Nan Hu, Zhen-Ye Luo, Wen He, Chang-Shun Liu, Xiao-Mei Tan
Summary: This study investigated the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of Simiao Wan (SMW) and its bioactive ingredients (SMW-BI). The results showed that SMW and SMW-BI could lower fasting blood glucose levels, improve dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in T2DM mice. In addition, the study revealed that SMW and SMW-BI exerted their hypoglycemic effects through regulating the IRS1/AKT2/FOXO1 signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ehtasham Ahmad, Soo Lim, Roberta Lamptey, David R. Webb, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90% of global diabetes cases, with an increasing number of affected individuals, particularly among young people. Early detection and proactive management are crucial for preventing complications and reducing mortality. Technology and precision medicine offer potential improvements to treatment outcomes but face significant barriers.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
KayLoni L. Olson, Marjorie Howard, Jeanne M. McCaffery, Gareth R. Dutton, Mark A. Espeland, Felicia R. Simpson, Karen C. Johnson, Medha Munshi, Thomas A. Wadden, Rena R. Wing
Summary: Psychological resilience is associated with factors related to healthy aging in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Higher levels of psychological resilience are correlated with lower BMI, fewer hospitalizations, better physical functioning, fewer depressive symptoms, and better mental quality of life.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ollin Celeste Martinez-Ramirez, Azucena Salazar-Pina, Ximena Ceron-Ramirez, Julieta Rubio-Lightbourn, Fernando Torres-Romero, Leonora Casas-Avila, Clementina Castro-Hernandez
Summary: The study reveals that agave inulin can effectively reduce glucose levels and improve metabolic control parameters in T2DM patients. The positive changes may be associated with epigenetic modifications of the insulin pathway genes.
Article
Biology
Ting Yao, Hui Wang, Kaiqing Lin, Ruwen Wang, Shanshan Guo, Peijie Chen, Hao Wu, Tiemin Liu, Ru Wang
Summary: The study found that there is a link between exercise-induced changes in gut microbiota and the risk of prediabetes and diabetes. The relative abundances of diabetes-associated metagenomic species were negatively correlated with physical fitness in a Chinese athlete students cohort. The findings suggest that the protective effects of exercise against type 2 diabetes may be mediated by the gut microbiota.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael A. Nauck, Timo D. Mueller
Summary: Incretin hormones, including GIP and GLP-1, are involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Therapeutic success has been achieved with incretin-based medications, which have the potential to improve glycaemic, cardiorenal, and body weight-related outcomes. While GIP's ability to stimulate insulin secretion is impaired in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 can effectively stimulate insulin secretion and reduce plasma glucose concentrations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amelia S. Wallace, Alex R. Chang, Jung-Im Shin, Jodie Reider, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Morgan E. Grams, Elizabeth Selvin
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of obesity is increasing in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and obesity is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). After adjusting for age, the burden of CKD in T1D exceeds that in type 2 diabetes (T2D), highlighting the need for increased vigilance and assessment of kidney-protective medications in T1D.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Bangran Qi, Daoyuan Ren, Ting Li, Pengfei Niu, Xiangnan Zhang, Xingbin Yang, Jianbo Xiao
Summary: The antidiabetic effects of Fu brick tea aqueous extract (FTE) were investigated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. FTE treatment alleviated dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatic oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis caused by T2DM. FTE activated the IRS1/PI3K/Akt pathway, regulated the intestinal metabolites, and improved colonic short-chain fatty acid levels in T2DM mice.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hakan K. R. Karlsson, Akiko Kasahara, Mika Ikeda, Alexander Chibalin, Jun Harada, Mikael Ryden, Anna Krook, Mitsunori Kato, Kazuishi Kubota, Juleen R. Zierath
Summary: This study identified multiple phosphorylation sites of IRS1 and differences in phosphorylation patterns between individuals with normal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite severe skeletal muscle insulin resistance in T2DM patients, the pattern of IRS1 phosphorylation was not uniformly altered in all patients.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lina Sun, Junling Fu, Zhijing Mu, Xiaoye Duan, Piu Chan, Shuangling Xiu
Summary: This study investigated the association between body fat (BF%) and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as the potential link with increased levels of inflammatory indicators and insulin resistance. The results showed that higher BF% was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults with T2DM, highlighting the importance of assessing BF% in the management of sarcopenia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kunihiko Aizawa, Francesco Casanova, Phillip E. Gates, David M. Mawson, Kim M. Gooding, W. David Strain, Gerd Ostling, Jan Nilsson, Faisel Khan, Helen M. Colhoun, Carlo Palombo, Kim H. Parker, Angela C. Shore, Alun D. Hughes
Summary: Parameters derived from reservoir-excess pressure analysis can be used to assess cardiovascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes patients, indicating the potential prognostic value of these parameters in various populations.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Keisuke Monobe, Shinsuke Noso, Naru Babaya, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Yasunori Taketomo, Fumimaru Niwano, Sawa Yoshida, Sara Yasutake, Tatsuro Minohara, Yumiko Kawabata, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: Blood glucose levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate, sex, and SLC5A2 polymorphism were identified as independent determinants of glucosuria in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The frequency of the A allele of rs9934336 was lower in participants with type 2 diabetes, and meta-analysis showed a significant association between the A allele and type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fumimaru Niwano, Naru Babaya, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Ippei Matsumoto, Keiko Kamei, Shinsuke Noso, Yasunori Taketomo, Yoshifumi Takeyama, Yumiko Kawabata, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: This study aimed to analyze changes in glucose metabolism and endocrine and exocrine function before and after partial pancreatectomy in patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and distal pancreatectomy (DP). Results showed significant differences in blood glucose levels and insulin secretion rate between PD and DP populations post-pancreatectomy, highlighting the importance of individualized management for metabolism and nutrition in these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naru Babaya, Shinsuke Noso, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Yasunori Taketomo, Fumimaru Niwano, Sawa Yoshida, Sara Yasutake, Yumiko Kawabata, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: This study found that in patients with stable glycemic control, metrics derived from continuous glucose monitoring data, such as time in range, time above range, and average glucose levels, were strongly correlated with glycated hemoglobin values, accurately reflecting the glycemic control status in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes. Additionally, glucose coefficient of variation and time below range were identified as complementary measures to detect glucose variability and hypoglycemia, highlighting the importance of residual β-cell function in maintaining stable glycemic control.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hiroshi Ikegami, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Shinsuke Noso
Summary: The recent increase in life expectancy has led to a higher number of elderly people with diabetes mellitus. Apart from the well-known risk factor of aging for type 2 diabetes, type 1 and other types of diabetes are also increasing in older adults due to longevity and improved prognosis. However, impaired cognitive function or limited activities of daily living often hinder the daily insulin injections in older adults.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yoshihisa Hiromine, Shinsuke Noso, Hiromi Rakugi, Ken Sugimoto, Yasunori Takata, Tomohiro Katsuya, Masahiro Fukuda, Hiroshi Akasaka, Haruhiko Osawa, Yasuharu Tabara, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in older adults with type 1 diabetes compared to those with type 2 diabetes. The difference was most prominent in the frequency of low handgrip strength. Poor glycemic control was revealed to be a primary risk factor for sarcopenia in diabetes mellitus.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fumimaru Niwano, Naru Babaya, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Ippei Matsumoto, Keiko Kamei, Yasunori Taketomo, Sawa Yoshida, Yoshifumi Takeyama, Shinsuke Noso, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: Pancreaticoduodenectomy can lead to the development of diabetes in many patients, with a low insulinogenic index being suggested as a risk factor. Preoperative assessment is crucial for predicting the onset of diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shinsuke Noso, Naru Babaya, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Yasunori Taketomo, Fumimaru Niwano, Sawa Yoshida, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: Metabolic markers have been found to be useful in identifying different clinical stages of type 1 diabetes, and 3-phenylpropionic acid and hypotaurine are identified as novel biomarkers for new-onset type 1 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naru Babaya, Michiko Itoi-Babaya, Hironori Ueda, Misato Kobayashi, Shinsuke Noso, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Akira Ishikawa, Tomomi Fujisawa, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: We identified four new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for hyperglycemia in the Nagoya-Shibata-Yasuda (NSY) mouse model, specifically on Chromosome 1, 4, 10, and 13. These QTLs were associated with hyperglycemia in young mice and had attenuated effects in older mice. Our findings highlight the importance of longitudinal phenotypes in genetic analysis of polygenic traits and have implications for understanding the genetic basis and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in humans.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yoshihisa Hiromine, Shinsuke Noso, Naru Babaya, Yasunori Taketomo, Fumimaru Niwano, Yuki Okuda, Sara Yasutake, Tatsuro Minohara, Naonobu Tsuda, Yuichiro Hama, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: In this case report, we present a 52-year-old woman with a rare combination of short bowel syndrome and complete loss of endogenous insulin due to type 1 diabetes. The patient was treated with total parenteral nutrition and co-administration of insulin, which provided insights on glycemic excursion and insulin action in type 1 diabetes without the usual obstacles of subcutaneous injection of insulin and oral intake of nutrients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shuzo Imamura, Fumimaru Niwano, Naru Babaya, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Ippei Matsumoto, Keiko Kamei, Yuta Yoshida, Yasunori Taketomo, Sawa Yoshida, Yoshifumi Takeyama, Shinsuke Noso, Norikazu Maeda, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: Glucose tolerance worsens after distal pancreatectomy, leading to an increased incidence of diabetes. Reduced insulin secretion is a key factor in the development of diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Naru Babaya, Yuki Okuda, Shinsuke Noso, Yoshihisa Hiromine, Yasunori Taketomo, Fumimaru Niwano, Kazuki Ueda, Yumiko Tanaka, Yuto Yamazaki, Hironobu Sasano, Yumiko Kawabata, Yasuhiro Ohno, Hiroshi Ikegami
Summary: This case describes a rare occurrence of bilateral adrenocortical adenomas and unilateral adrenal endothelial cysts in a 65-year-old woman that were not diagnosed before surgery. The histological examination revealed hyperplasia in the zona glomerulosa, despite normal serum aldosterone levels and renin activity in the patient. Treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor may have stimulated the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, suggesting a potential relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and hyperplasia of the zona glomerulosa. Further studies on adrenal gland histology employing SGLT2 inhibition are needed to confirm this potential association.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2021)
