期刊
EMBO JOURNAL
卷 40, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108588
关键词
antibodies; neutralization; nucleoprotein; SARS-CoV-2; TRIM21
资金
- MRC [U105181010]
- Wellcome Trust Investigator Award [200594/Z/16/Z]
- Wellcome Trust Collaborator Award [214344/A/18/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [200594/Z/16/Z, 214344/A/18/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
The humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 results in antibodies against spike (S) and nucleoprotein (N). A new in vitro method called EDNA has been developed to quantitatively measure N-antibody activity in unpurified serum from SARS-CoV-2 convalescents. The study found that N antibodies can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 intracellularly and cell-autonomously, but require the cytosolic Fc receptor TRIM21.
The humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 results in antibodies against spike (S) and nucleoprotein (N). However, whilst there are widely available neutralization assays for S antibodies, there is no assay for N-antibody activity. Here, we present a simple in vitro method called EDNA (electroporated-antibody-dependent neutralization assay) that provides a quantitative measure of N-antibody activity in unpurified serum from SARS-CoV-2 convalescents. We show that N antibodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2 intracellularly and cell-autonomously but require the cytosolic Fc receptor TRIM21. Using EDNA, we show that low N-antibody titres can be neutralizing, whilst some convalescents possess serum with high titres but weak activity. N-antibody and N-specific T-cell activity correlates within individuals, suggesting N antibodies may protect against SARS-CoV-2 by promoting antigen presentation. This work highlights the potential benefits of N-based vaccines and provides an in vitro assay to allow the antibodies they induce to be tested.
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