Article
Oncology
Pasquale Sansone, Luca Gregorio Giaccari, Caterina Aurilio, Francesco Coppolino, Maria Beatrice Passavanti, Vincenzo Pota, Maria Caterina Pace
Summary: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common complication due to treatment with anti-cancer agents. This study aimed to assess the non-inferiority of tapentadol alone compared to duloxetine plus tapentadol for relieving pain and ensuring safety in CIPN patients. The findings show that tapentadol alone is as effective as duloxetine plus tapentadol in reducing pain after chemotherapy in CIPN patients. Tapentadol also has positive effects on patients' quality of life.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lorenzo de la Torre, Eduardo Gomez-Sanchez, Othoniel Hugo Aragon-Martinez, Adriana Hernandez-Gomez, Diana Laura Franco-Gonzalez, Juan Manuel Guzman-Flores, Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro, Vinicio Granados-Soto, Mario Alberto Isiordia-Espinoza
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect and adverse effects of tapentadol immediate release (IR) after a bunionectomy. The results showed that tapentadol was more effective in relieving postoperative pain compared to placebo, and the adverse effects were dose-dependent, with the highest number observed in the 100 mg dose of tapentadol IR. The meta-analysis concluded that tapentadol IR (100 mg) had the highest satisfaction score.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Archana Mishra, Rituparna Maiti, Biswa Ranjan Mishra, Monalisa Jena
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation through network meta-analysis, finding that the combination of nicotine receptor agonist and nicotine replacement therapy has a significant effect on continuous abstinence at 6 months.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Krzysztof Nosek, Wojciech Leppert, Lukasz Puchala, Krzysztof Lon
Summary: Topical morphine may be effective in treating ulcers, erosions of inflammatory etiology, and painful skin lesions including post-mastectomy pain. However, its recommended use in everyday medical practice is limited.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bianca Clerici, Marco Cattaneo
Summary: Aspirin irreversibly inhibits platelet function by inhibiting the synthesis of TxA2. Although widely used at low doses for cardiovascular prevention, chronic treatment with aspirin can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, mucosal erosions/ulcerations, and bleeding. Enteric-coated (EC) aspirin, the most commonly used formulation, is less effective than plain aspirin in inhibiting TxA2 production, especially in individuals with high body weight. It causes fewer erosions in the stomach but can still cause mucosal erosions in the small intestine. Several studies have shown that EC aspirin and buffered aspirin do not significantly reduce the incidence of clinically relevant gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding. Plain aspirin should be the preferred formulation for cardiovascular prevention due to its favorable pharmacological profile.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jing Zhang, Yuemin Sun, Xiaofeng Bai, Peng Wang, Liang Tian, Yantao Tian, Yuxin Zhong
Summary: This study explored the safety and efficacy of single and multiple applications of lobaplatin-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in patients with T4 gastric cancer and evaluated its impact on peritoneal metastasis. The results showed that both single and multiple HIPEC applications were safe and feasible, with similar postoperative complication rates, 3-year overall survival rates, and 3-year disease-free survival rates between the two groups. Special attention should be given to patients aged >60 years and patients with low preoperative albumin levels.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David de la Rosa-Carrillo, Guillermo Suarez-Cuartin, Oriol Sibila, Rafael Golpe, Rosa-Maria Giron, Miguel-angel Martinez-Garcia
Summary: The use of inhaled antibiotics has expanded beyond cystic fibrosis patients to include non-CF bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Inhaled antibiotics provide high concentrations at the site of infection, enhancing their effectiveness and allowing for long-term administration. New formulations of inhaled dry powder antibiotics offer advantages such as faster preparation and administration, as well as eliminating the need for cleaning nebulization equipment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Jason C. Wong, Crystal T. Lao, Melanie M. Yousif, Jacqueline M. Luga
Summary: This article reviews the safety, efficacy, and lessons learned from previously fast-tracked vaccines and finds that they are generally safe and effective. Effective communication, resource sharing, and improving outbreak response structures are important for timely fast-tracked vaccine development.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mattias F. Lindberg, Emmanuel Deau, Jonas Arfwedson, Nicolas George, Pascal George, Patricia Alfonso, Ana Corrionero, Laurent Meijer
Summary: This study evaluates the kinase inhibitory activity of a library of DYRKs/CLKs inhibitors and finds a diverse range of potencies and selectivities among these inhibitors, highlighting the challenges of targeting kinases in this area of research. The use of a panel of inhibitors is suggested for studying the functions of these kinases in cellular processes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiuzhou Jiang, Hao Pan, Haomai Chen, Liyang Song, Yiyun Wang, Bao Qian, Pengfei Chen, Shunwu Fan, Xianfeng Lin
Summary: This study comprehensively evaluated the efficacy of different pharmacological therapies for low back pain and found that only skeletal muscle relaxants significantly decreased pain intensity in acute back pain. Several drugs significantly reduced pain in chronic back pain, but opioids and cyclo-oxygenase 2-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were most effective in reducing pain and improving function. Pregabalin (or gabapentin) appeared to be an effective treatment for pain relief, but caution is advised in using it for low back pain.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Valeria Dipasquale, Giuseppe Cicala, Edoardo Spina, Claudio Romano
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanism of actions, use, and safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in infants and children. It highlights the increased risks of gastrointestinal and lower respiratory tract infections, bone fractures, and allergy associated with long-term use of PPIs in children.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Heng Chng, Ram Pravin Kumar Muthuramalingam, Charles Kang Liang Lou, Silas New, Yub Raj Neupane, Choon Keong Lee, Ayca Altay Benetti, Chenyuan Huang, Praveen Thoniyot, Wei Seong Toh, Jiong-Wei Wang, Giorgia Pastorin
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are miniaturised carriers that naturally secrete functional proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid material and have intrinsic pharmacological effects in human diseases. However, their low isolation yield and laborious purification process hinder their clinical translation. To overcome this, our lab developed cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), mimetics of EVs created by shearing cells through membrane-fitted spin cups. We compared the physical properties and biochemical composition of monocytic U937 EVs and U937 CDNs to evaluate their similarities. CDNs exhibited similar hydrodynamic diameters and shared proteomic, lipidomic, and miRNA profiles with natural EVs. Furthermore, CDNs exhibited similar pharmacological activities and immunogenicity to EVs when administered in vivo. CDNs could be a scalable and efficient alternative to EVs in clinical use.
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmed E. Elsukary, Ahmed M. N. Z. Helaly, Amal A. El Bakary, Maha E. Moustafa, Mohammad A. El-Kattan
Summary: Both pregabalin and tramadol misuse have increased in Egypt in the past decade. While the neurotoxic effects of tramadol have been well studied, research on pregabalin is lacking. This study aimed to compare the neurotoxic effects of pregabalin and tramadol. Experimental research was conducted on thirty male albino rats, divided into three groups: normal saline, tramadol misuse, and pregabalin misuse. After one month, the rats were evaluated through open field tests and analysis of cortical samples. The results showed that both drugs had neurotoxic effects, with tramadol having a greater impact on locomotor parameters compared to pregabalin. Additionally, both drugs led to low dopamine receptor expression, resembling a schizophrenia model. Pregabalin had less noticeable neurotoxic effects compared to tramadol. The study suggests that long-term abuse of these drugs may result in psychosis.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariola Herbet, Jaroslaw Widelski, Iwona Piatkowska-Chmiel, Kamil Pawlowski, Aleksandra Dymek, Tomasz Mroczek
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and pharmacological activity of compounds obtained from various plant extracts, and found that these compounds have a high safety profile and significantly improve rodent memory.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rick Dersch, Sebastian Rauer
Summary: This study aimed to update a previous systematic review on the treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) and provide evidence-based recommendations by evaluating the recent literature. The results showed that both doxycycline and beta-lactam antibiotics have similar efficacy in treating LNB, extended antibiotic treatment does not provide any benefit, and the use of steroids in LNB with facial palsy is not recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)