Exploring the mediating role of serum retinol-binding protein 4 in the relationship between sleep quality and insulin resistance in pregnant women

Aims: We aimed to explore the mediating role of plasma retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in the relationship between sleep quality and insulin resistance (IR) among pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including 263 pregnant women in the first trimester. Sleep quality was evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The ELISA and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to analyze plasma RBP4 and estimate IR. The mediating model was used to analyze the mediating role of RBP4 in the relationship between PSQI score and IR. Results: In the multivariable linear regression model, the three terms were positively related with each other, PSQI score was positively associated with IR levels (3 = 0.55, p < 0.05). In the mediating model, RBP4 levels mediated completely the relationship between PSQI scores and IR levels (3 = 0.29, p < 0.0001). The indirect effect of RBP4 in the relation between sleep quality and IR explained 89.10% of total effect. Conclusions: RPB4 may playa complete mediating role in the relationbetween sleep quality and insulin resistance in early pregnancy. Improvements in sleep quality in the first trimester may provide a pathway to reduce plasma RBP4, which is beneficial for less IR and GDM prevention. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This study aimed to explore the relationship between sleep quality and insulin resistance among pregnant women, and found that plasma RBP4 played a complete mediating role in this relationship. Improving sleep quality in early pregnancy may provide a pathway to reduce insulin resistance and prevent gestational diabetes mellitus.