Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Marcelle D. Hecker, Marco L. Longana, Jean-Charles Eloi, Ole Thomsen, Ian Hamerton
Summary: Many high-performance sails in the yachting industry are made of flexible, carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer composites. However, there is currently no waste-management plan for these sails, leading to valuable materials, including carbon fibres, being mostly discarded as waste. This paper presents a recycling pathway for end-of-life sails and demonstrates the potential of a circular recycling process.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. Panerai, A. Canegrati, L. M. Martulli, M. Kostovic, G. Rollo, A. Sorrentino, M. Carboni, A. Bernasconi
Summary: Additive manufacturing of Short Fibre Reinforced Polymers (SFRPs) combines good mechanical properties with high design flexibility. Fatigue tests were performed on SFRP specimens with different raster orientations. The results showed thermal and mechanical fatigue regimes. The fatigue behavior of this material was found to be dominated by the polyamide matrix.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jiang Wu, Ka Zhang, Dongmin Yang
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of recycled fibers and their impact on the mechanical property loss in material extrusion additive manufacturing. By producing recycled carbon fibers in composite flakes and conducting comprehensive characterizations, it is found that fiber length significantly affects the tensile strength and modulus of the composite materials.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ali Kandemir, Marco L. Longana, Ian Hamerton, Stephen J. Eichhorn
Summary: The sustainability of fibre reinforced polymer composites is crucial for achieving global sustainable development goals. Using natural fibres and bioderived matrices can reduce environmental impact, while delaying material disposal can also contribute to sustainability according to the circular economy paradigm.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xianhua Huan, Tianyu Wu, Jiqiang Yan, Xiaolong Jia, Lei Zu, Gang Sui, Xiaoping Yang
Summary: This study successfully enhanced the performance of epoxy composites by efficiently utilizing recycled carbon fiber and highly-aligned carbon fiber mat, especially in terms of mechanical properties and EMI shielding performance.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhe Liu, Thomas A. Turner, Kok H. Wong, Stephen J. Pickering
Summary: Carbon fibre composites have the potential to lighten vehicles, but high production costs and environmental impact are obstacles. Recycled fibre could reduce costs and environmental impact, but faces challenges in mechanical performance and processing. The developed alignment process allows for high fibre content composites with competitive mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Akanae Chattrairat, Everson Kandare, Sontipee Aimmanee, Phuong Tran, Raj Das
Summary: This study aimed to tailor the mechanical and structural characteristics of silicone by integrating biocompatible reinforcements to develop suitable bio-integrative skin simulant candidates. The results showed that increasing the concentration of reinforcements in the silicone-based composite skin simulants could enhance the elastic moduli and hardness, with proper surface treatment promoting better interfacial adhesion between the silicone matrix and the reinforcements.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Philipp S. Stelzer, Umut Cakmak, Lisa Eisner, Leonhard K. Doppelbauer, Imre Kallai, Gernot Schweizer, Heinz K. Prammer, Zoltan Major
Summary: Compression molding of carbon fiber sheet molding compounds (CF-SMC) is a promising technology for reducing waste and promoting sustainable development in lightweight applications. This study focuses on a structural automotive component and develops a cost-efficient, large-scale compression molding process. The process-structure-property-performance relationship is characterized through manufacturing studies and prototype tests. The combination of virgin and recycled carbon fiber materials in a multilayered hybrid structure maintains manufacturability and mechanical performance. Life cycle assessment shows lower environmental impacts compared to an industrially used aluminum reference version. The compression molding technology combined with multilayered hybrid carbon fiber composites offers opportunities for circularity and the multistage use of industrial recyclates in lightweight applications.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Anil R. Ravindran, Raj B. Ladani, Shuying Wu, Chun H. Wang, Adrian P. Mouritz
Summary: Platelet designs inspired by nacre shell microstructure are effective in improving the pseudo-ductility properties of brittle fibre reinforced polymer laminates. This study investigates the effects of tiling pattern, overlapping length, and interlaminar toughness on the tensile properties and failure modes of platelet laminates inspired by nacre. The findings are used to optimize the design for maximal pseudo-ductility.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Di He, Hyung Chul Kim, Silvano Sommacal, Filip Stojcevski, Vi Kie Soo, Wojciech Lipinski, Evgeny Morozov, Luke C. Henderson, Paul Compston, Matthew Doolan
Summary: The research investigates the effects of fibre architecture preservation during the recycling of carbon fibres on the mechanical and environmental performances of rCFRP for use in a vehicle roof panel. The results show that rCFRPs with preserved unidirectional and woven fibre architectures have significantly higher flexural properties compared to those with unpreserved fibre architecture. Moreover, when used in gasoline vehicle and battery electric vehicle, a hypothetical rCFRP roof panel with preserved plain woven rCF reduces the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions by 11% and 23% respectively, compared to the current rCFRP.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Samuel Erland, Henry Stevens, Luke Savage
Summary: The study shows that PEEK matrix DFMCs have good repair performance, and simple reshaping through re-melting and applying pressure can restore the composite material to its original strength and stiffness. Additionally, the application of repair packs and re-molding methods do not lead to significant loss of mechanical performance even after repeated fracture cycles.
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Andre Jesus, Xiaodong Xu
Summary: A stochastic morphological modelling framework has been established to predict the tensile behavior of Randomly Oriented Strands made of ultra-thin Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic prepreg tapes. The framework accurately predicts the tape properties using Monte Carlo simulation and predicts the Young's modulus of laminates using classical laminate theory. Fibre-dominant tensile failure in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Sheet Moulding Compounds is accurately predicted using Weibull theory. The rapid modelling framework is reliable and suitable for applications in structures.
JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Guillermo Diaz-Rodriguez, Alberto David Pertuz-Comas, Octavio Andres Gonzalez-Estrada
Summary: This work analyses the mechanical properties of continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites manufactured by FDM, summarizing properties such as tension, bending, shear, impact, and fatigue. The results show a wide variation in mechanical properties and a lack of reporting on certain aspects of damage mechanisms in composites.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yang Shi, Arnaud Gillet, Olivier Mantaux, Eric Lacoste
Summary: This study aims to investigate the influence of architecture on the failure of discontinuous fibre composites. By developing a numerical model and conducting experimental tests, it was found that discontinuous fibre architectures with small overlap lengths at the edge significantly decrease the strength of the composite, while defects in the core of the architecture are tolerable.
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Marine
Dario De Fazio, Luca Boccarusso, Antonio Formisano, Antonio Viscusi, Massimo Durante
Summary: This article summarizes the current state of the art of recycling technologies for polymeric composites commonly used in industrial applications, including chemical, thermal, and mechanical methods. The advantages, drawbacks, applications, and properties of the recycled composites are analyzed for each recycling method.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Li, Gabriel M. Veith, Meghan E. Lamm, Annie Stevens, Tej Lamichhane, Wei Guo, Shannon M. Mahurin, Kaushik Biswas, Diana Hun, Hsin Wang, Edgar Lara-Curzio, Soydan Ozcan, Tolga Aytug
Summary: The study introduces a novel method for creating vacuum-sealed silica-based hollow microspheres, which can enhance the thermal insulation performance of closed-cell insulation materials. The incorporation of these sealed microspheres into a polymer matrix resulted in a significant enhancement of thermal insulation performance without notable performance loss after exposure to ambient conditions for three months.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Meghan E. Lamm, Kai Li, Darby Ker, Xianhui Zhao, H. E. Hinton, Katie Copenhaver, Halil Tekinalp, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are commonly used as a nanofiller in polymer composite reinforcement due to their excellent mechanical properties, but are difficult to dry and prone to agglomeration. Chitosan (CS) was co-precipitated with CNF to improve interfacial interaction within poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites, leading to significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The study demonstrated the synergistic effect of hydrogen and covalent bonding mechanisms for PLA reinforcement in PLA+CNF/CS composites.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Shivram Kashyap Sridhar, Aaron P. Stebner, Anthony D. Rollett
Summary: Plastic deformation of B2 Nickel Titanium is primarily attributed to {110}<001> slip and {114}<221> deformation twinning. The hot-worked texture of these alloys is defined by a {111}<vuw> gamma fiber and {hkl}<110> partial alpha fiber. The Visco-Plastic Self Consistent (VPSC) model is used to establish relationships between microscopic slip and twin activity with the observed macroscopic hot-rolling texture, providing valuable insights for modeling NiTi austenite plasticity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Faith Gantz, Hannah Stroud, John C. Fuller, Kelsa Adams, Peter E. Caltagirone, Hande Ozcan, Ibrahim Karaman, Darren J. Hartl, Aaron P. Stebner, William Trehern, Travis Turner, Robert W. Wheeler, Marcus L. Young, Othmane Benafan
Summary: This collection of case studies provides an introduction to four SMA-based applications in the aerospace, energy, and medical fields. Student design teams addressed real-world problems and received guidance from professionals through the CASMART Student Design Challenge. The hardware designs used NiTi wires to create prototypes for applications such as satellite deployment and energy saving. Materials development explored the properties of CuAl-based and NiTi-based alloys for passive actuators and spinal curvature correction devices.
SHAPE MEMORY AND SUPERELASTICITY
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. R. Pelton, B. T. Berg, P. Saffari, A. P. Stebner, A. N. Bucsek
Summary: There is growing evidence that in situ modification of Nitinol microstructure due to pre-strain and mean strain strongly affects the fatigue properties of implanted medical devices, often in a counterintuitive way. Pre-strain effects are well recognized, but the effects of mean strain remain controversial. Literature reviews indicate that pre-strains intensify texture, increase martensite volume fraction, and induce plasticity, which may enhance or degrade fatigue performance. Experimental studies show that cycling with mean strains in the two-phase region leads to longer lives compared to cycling in the linear elastic region or at higher mean strains.
SHAPE MEMORY AND SUPERELASTICITY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Meghan E. Lamm, Kai Li, Jerald Atchley, Som S. Shrestha, Shannon M. Mahurin, Diana Hun, Tolga Aytug
Summary: This study reports a simple and commercially viable strategy to produce thermoplastic composite foams for thermal insulation applications. By incorporating porous-shell hollow-interior glass spheres (PHGS) as a filler and utilizing expandable thermoplastic microspheres (EMS) as a physical blowing agent, the resulting foams demonstrate both low thermal conductivity and lightweight mechanical reinforcement. The optimized foam formulation achieved a lightweight and robust insulation material with thermal resistivity greater than 27.7 m center dot K/W (R/in. > 4), comparable to some commercial thermoplastic insulating materials.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dylan S. S. Cousins, Zach Arwood, Stephen Young, Brandon Hinkel, David Snowberg, Dayakar Penumadu, Aaron P. P. Stebner
Summary: Traditionally, wind turbine blades are made of thermoset resins, such as polyesters and epoxies. However, there is interest in using thermoplastics for increased recyclability. A new infusible, reactive thermoplastic resin has been developed to overcome the high viscosity issue. Fatigue and failure mechanisms have been studied to ensure the suitability of this recyclable resin for wind turbine blade manufacturing.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michael L. Whittaker, Wenming Dong, Kai Li, Tolga Aytug, Sam F. Evans, Harry M. Meyer III, Bruce A. Moyer, Mariappan Parans Paranthaman
Summary: Iron doping enhances selective sorption of lithium in lithium-aluminum layered double hydroxides (LDHs), influencing the composition and properties of LDHs. The presence of iron leads to the formation of different particle types that affect lithium capacity and cyclability in LDHs. Optimized cycling efficiency and stability of lithium sorption can be achieved under specific iron redox conditions.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xianhui Zhao, Samarthya Bhagia, Diego Gomez-Maldonado, Xiaomin Tang, Sanjita Wasti, Shun Lu, Shuyang Zhang, Mahesh Parit, Mitchell L. Rencheck, Matthew Korey, Huixin Jiang, Jiadeng Zhu, Xianzhi Meng, Meghan E. Lamm, Katie Copenhaver, Maria S. Peresin, Lu Wang, Halil Tekinalp, Guang Yang, Vipin Kumar, Gang Chen, Kashif Nawaz, X. Chelsea Chen, Uday Vaidya, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Erin Webb, Douglas J. Gardner, Ping He, Ximin He, Kai Li, Soydan Ozcan
Summary: This article reviews the recent development and applications of bioinspired nanocellulose-based materials, summarizes their functions and applications, discusses bioinspired design templates, strategies, advantages and challenges, and explores the mechanisms and processes of biomimetic design. Finally, future research directions and opportunities of bioinspired nanocellulose-based materials are highlighted.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Christine Fisher, Lydia N. Skolrood, Kai Li, Pooran C. Joshi, Tolga Aytug
Summary: Aerosol-jet printing (AJP) is an emergent direct-write approach used for rapid and affordable manufacturing of microadditive energy-efficient sensors and printed electronics. AJP can print diverse materials with a wide range of ink viscosities (0.001-1 Pa s) including ceramics, metals, polymers, and biological matter. It enables the conformal printing of complex geometrical designs on nonplanar surfaces with high spatial resolution features (approximately 10 μm) and wide standoff distances (1-11 mm) between the nozzle and substrate.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tyler Knapp, Behnam Amin-Ahmadi, Scott Turnage, Sean H. Mills, Naresh N. Thadhani, Ronald D. Noebe, Cyril L. Williams, Aaron P. Stebner
Summary: Research has shown that heat-treated nickel-rich nickel titanium hafnium alloys exhibit good performance under high-speed impact loading and are less prone to cracking at slower impact velocities. This is attributed to the rate-dependence of martensitic phase transformations and the dissolution of precipitates caused by inelastic deformation mechanisms.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mingkan Zhang, Cheng-Min Yang, Kai Li, Kashif Nawaz
Summary: In this study, an advanced maldistribution reduction manifold is designed to improve the flow distribution in heat exchangers. The design includes the use of spiral baffles and keeping the tubes away from the manifold inlet. Simulation results show significant improvement in flow distribution compared to the preliminary design.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Li, Tyler Smith, William Asher, Alexis Flores-Betancourt, Artem A. Trofimov, Hsin Wang, Mingkan Zhang, Logan Kearney, Edgar Lara-Curzio, Soydan Ozcan, Vlastimil Kunc, Amit K. Naskar, Kashif Nawaz
Summary: The study finds that PETG composites produced through 3D printing have anisotropic thermal conductivity and low CTE at room temperature, making them potentially suitable for heat exchanger applications at low temperatures.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Brad Boyce, Remi Dingreville, Saaketh Desai, Elise Walker, Troy Shilt, Kimberly L. Bassett, Ryan R. Wixom, Aaron P. Stebner, Raymundo Arroyave, Jason Hattrick-Simpers, James A. Warren
Summary: Machine learning is rapidly advancing and impacting various aspects of our lives. In the field of materials science, this progress is becoming a significant force. However, there are still obstacles that need to be overcome to maximize its benefits. This opinion piece summarizes the perspectives of researchers who attended a workshop, emphasizing the importance of collective efforts in resolving these challenges through community engagement.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Wang, Peter V. Kelly, Nihan Ozveren, Xuefeng Zhang, Matthew Korey, Cong Chen, Kai Li, Sunil Bhandari, Halil Tekinalp, Xianhui Zhao, Jinwu Wang, M. Ozgur Seydibeyoglu, Elif Alyamac-Seydibeyoglu, William M. Gramlich, Mehdi Tajvidi, Erin Webb, Soydan Ozcan, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: This review paper explores the multi-functional applications of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) in polymer coatings and adhesives. CNMs can enhance mechanical performance, gas barrier properties, flame resistance, corrosion resistance, self-healing, optical regulation, self-cleaning/antifouling, and antimicrobial characteristics of polymer coatings. The addition of CNMs to polymer adhesives offers benefits such as mechanical enhancement, curing promotion, volatile organic compound (VOC) suppression, and electrical conductivity. The paper aims to promote the research and commercial use of CNMs in green and sustainable polymer composite coating and adhesive formulations.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Keyu Zhu, Xitao Zheng, Jing Peng, Jiaming Sun, Ruilin Huang, Leilei Yan
Summary: This paper discusses the influence of multiple impacts on the compression strength of honeycomb sandwich structures with composite face sheets. It is found that the size of the impactor affects the turning point of the compression strength. Additionally, high impact energy leads to damage in the bottom face sheet and reduces the overall compression strength.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Danqian Wang, Yanfei Yue, Jueshi Qian
Summary: Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement (MKPC) as a binder for steel rebars shows improved corrosion resistance when subjected to carbonation, due to the increase in pH and the formation of a more protective oxide film.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhibin Li, Wenyu Wang, Pengcheng Xue, Xingyu Wei, Jian Xiong
Summary: This work proposes a design approach and manufacturing method for carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) corrugated sandwich truncated cones (CSTC) to improve their anti-debonding ability and ensure reliability. The study establishes theoretical models for CSTCs' stiffness and failure modes, which are verified through experiments and finite element analysis (FEA). The research reveals the effect of geometric parameters on failure modes and performs an optimal design for CSTC structures. The findings have significant implications for the design and application of lightweight CSTCs in constructions, such as launch vehicle adapters.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mingyu Zhang, Lei Chu, Jiahua Chen, Fuxun Qi, Xiaoyan Li, Xinliang Chen, Deng-Guang Yu
Summary: This review summarizes the different structures and construction methods of fibrous membranes with asymmetric wettability. It also reviews the biological applications of these membranes and suggests future challenges.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
E. Mofakhami, L. Gervat, B. Fayolle, G. Miquelard-Garnier, C. Ovalle, L. Laiarinandrasana
Summary: This study investigates the effects of fibre concentration on the mechanical response of welded glass-fibre-reinforced polypropylene (GF-PP). Experimental observations reveal a significant reduction in weld ratio, up to 60%, indicating a decreased strength compared to the bulk material. Increasing fibre content in the welded material results in a decrease in stress at break and strain at the maximum stress. The use of DIC technique and X-ray microtomography further confirms the localized strain amplification in the welded zone due to the significant increase in fibre density.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Emad Pourahmadi, Farjad Shadmehri, Rajamohan Ganesan
Summary: This research compares the mechanical properties of laminates manufactured using automated fiber placement and conventional autoclave curing methods. The results show that laminates manufactured using automated fiber placement have a lower interlaminar shear strength compared to laminates reconsolidated using autoclave curing. A finite element simulation method is proposed to quantitatively analyze these differences.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Johnny Jakobsen, Benny Endelt, Fahimeh Shakibapour
Summary: This study proposes a new bolted/pinned joining method for composite applications, which improves load transfer by introducing a patch-type reinforcement. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in both static and fatigue load conditions compared to existing methods. Finite element simulations highlight the advantage of this method, as it creates a more efficient load-transferring mechanism through different stress distributions.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Gisele G. Cintra, Janine D. Vieira, Daniel C. T. Cardoso, Thomas Keller
Summary: This paper proposes a novel approach to assess multi-crack behavior in layered fiber-polymer composites. The generated Compliance and R-curves provide useful insights into understanding the multiple delamination process and allow for separate evaluation of strain energy release rate (SERR) for each crack. The developed cohesive zone model successfully simulates the failure process zone of three parallel cracks, showing good agreement between the numerical model and experimental results.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Renil Thomas Kidangan, Sreedhar Unnikrishnakurup, C. Krishnamurthy, Krishnan Balasubramaniam
Summary: The induction heating process can accurately identify fiber orientation and stacking order, making it a valuable tool for large-area inspection and quality control in manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sungjun Hwang, Yousoo Han, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: Bleached Kraft pulp, unbleached Kraft pulp, and old corrugated cardboard pulp are suitable for producing cellulose nanofibril suspensions. Spray drying is a fast, simple, cost-effective, and scalable drying method. Spray-dried cellulose nanofibrils can be used as reinforcing materials in polypropylene matrices. The particle size of cellulose nanofibrils affects the material properties.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mehdi Mahdavi, Abbas Zolfaghari
Summary: This study aims to improve the recovery forces of shape memory polymers (SMPs) through material extrusion additive manufacturing. By using glass fiber (GF) as reinforcement and manufacturing multi-layer composite specimens, it was found that PLA with 6.62% GF exhibited the best recovery force, which was further optimized through annealing heat treatment.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Ao, Antonio Vazquez-Lopez, Davide Mocerino, Carlos Gonzalez, De-Yi Wang
Summary: The vulnerability of natural fibers to heat and fire poses a significant challenge for their substitution of traditional fiber reinforcements in composite materials. Natural fiber/polymer composites (NFCs) are regarded as potential candidates for engineering applications due to their environmental friendliness and low-impact sourcing. Thus, appropriate approaches need to be implemented to enhance the fire safety of NFCs. This review summarizes and discusses the latest understanding of flammability and thermal properties of natural fibers, with a special focus on their interaction with polymer matrix in fire behavior. Additionally, the latest developments in flame-retardant approaches for NFCs are reviewed, covering both flame retardancy and fire structural integrity. Finally, future prospects and perspectives on fire safety of NFCs are proposed, providing insights into further advancements of NFCs.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Wang, Siqi Huo, Guofeng Ye, Bingtao Wang, Zhenghong Guo, Qi Zhang, Pingan Song, Hao Wang, Zhitian Liu
Summary: The demand for multifunctional, transparent epoxy resin with superior dielectric, mechanical, and fire-safety performances is increasing in modern industries. Researchers have developed an epoxidized, phosphaphenanthrene-containing poly(styrene butadiene styrene) (ESD) for advanced fire-safe epoxy resin, which maintains high transparency and improves UV-blocking property. The addition of 10 wt% ESD results in improved mechanical properties, decreased dielectric constant and loss, and outperformance compared to other fire-safe epoxy resins. This research provides an effective method for developing multifunctional flame-retardant epoxy resin.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Bo Pang, Heping Zheng, Zuquan Jin, Dongshuai Hou, Yunsheng Zhang, Xiaoyun Song, Yanan Sun, Zhiyong Liu, Wei She, Lin Yang, Mengyuan Li
Summary: This study develops an internal superhydrophobic material (ISM) using waste denitrification fly ash, which maintains stable hydrophobicity under harsh conditions of use and does not rely on expensive fluor-based surface modifications. The synthesized ISM has excellent matrix strength, strong waterproof properties, and retains superhydrophobicity even at damaged or friction interfaces.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Meirbek Mussatayev, Qiuji Yi, Mark Fitzgerald, Vincent K. Maes, Paul Wilcox, Robert Hughes
Summary: Real-time monitoring of carbon fibre composites during Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) manufacturing remains a challenge for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. This study designed a directional eddy-current (EC) probe to evaluate the detectability of out-of-plane wrinkles. Experimental evaluations and finite element modeling were conducted to better understand the relationship between eddy-current density and defect detection. The findings suggest that the probe configuration with an asymmetric driver coil and differential pickup coils shows the best capability for wrinkle detection.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)