Potential anti-COVID-19 agents, cepharanthine and nelfinavir, and their usage for combination treatment

Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro

(2020) Manli Wang et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

(2020) Chaolin Huang et al.   LANCET

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

(2020) Peng Zhou et al.   NATURE

A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

(2020) Na Zhu et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Identification of antiviral drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2 from FDA-approved drugs

(2020) Sangeun Jeon et al.   ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY

Of chloroquine and COVID-19

(2020) Franck Touret et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets

(2020) Young-Il Kim et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Repurposing of clinically approved drugs for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in a 2019-novel coronavirus-related coronavirus model

(2020) Hua-Hao Fan et al.   CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL

Identification of potential molecules against COVID-19 main protease through structure-guided virtual screening approach

(2020) Lovika Mittal et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS

The anti‐HIV drug nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept) is a potent inhibitor of cell fusion caused by the SARSCoV‐2 spike (S) glycoprotein warranting further evaluation as an antiviral against COVID‐19 infections

(2020) Farhana Musarrat et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY

In Silico Exploration of the Molecular Mechanism of Clinically Oriented Drugs for Possibly Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2’s Main Protease

(2020) Tien Huynh et al.   Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor

(2020) Jun Lan et al.   NATURE

Respiratory disease in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Vincent J. Munster et al.   NATURE

The pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in hACE2 transgenic mice

(2020) Linlin Bao et al.   NATURE

The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape

(2020) Tung Thanh Le et al.   NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY

Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 — Preliminary Report

(2020) John H. Beigel et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

A Trial of Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19

(2020) Bin Cao et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Enhanced isolation of SARS-CoV-2 by TMPRSS2-expressing cells

(2020) Shutoku Matsuyama et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Qiang Gao et al.   SCIENCE

Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model

(2020) Barry Rockx et al.   SCIENCE

Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro

(2020) Jia Liu et al.   Cell Discovery

Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro

(2020) Ka-Tim Choy et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

A Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Postexposure Prophylaxis for Covid-19

(2020) David R. Boulware et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Potential Antiviral Options against SARS-CoV-2 Infection

(2020) Aleksandr Ianevski et al.   Viruses-Basel

In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Andrés Pizzorno et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

(2020) Alexandra C. Walls et al.   CELL

Cepharanthine: An update of its mode of action, pharmacological properties and medical applications

(2019) Christian Bailly   PHYTOMEDICINE

Natural Bis-Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids-Tetrandrine, Fangchinoline, and Cepharanthine, Inhibit Human Coronavirus OC43 Infection of MRC-5 Human Lung Cells

(2019) Kim et al.   Biomolecules

Chloroquine could be used for the treatment of filoviral infections and other viral infections that emerge or emerged from viruses requiring an acidic pH for infectivity

(2016) Hephzibah Akpovwa   CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION

Cepharanthine mitigates pro-inflammatory cytokine response in lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation in rats

(2015) Ming-Chang Kao et al.   CYTOKINE

Mathematical modeling of multi-drugs therapy: a challenge for determining the optimal combinations of antiviral drugs

(2014) Yoshiki Koizumi et al.   Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling

Inhibition of SARS Pseudovirus Cell Entry by Lactoferrin Binding to Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

(2011) Jianshe Lang et al.   PLoS One