期刊
PATHOGENS
卷 10, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10040438
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; full proteome; peptide microarrays; glycan microarrays
类别
资金
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [BMBF] [13XP5050A]
- MPG-FhG cooperation [Glyco3Display]
- Max Planck Society
- German Center for Infection Research [DZIF TTU01921]
- Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (Spain) [CTQ2017-90039-R]
- Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Program [MDM-2017-0720]
The study analyzed the antibody serum responses of three COVID-19 patients, showing different immune responses among cases. The moderate patient exhibited stronger antibody signal enhancement and epitope spread, while mild cases showed earlier but transient antibody responses.
The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). A better understanding of its immunogenicity can be important for the development of improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Here, we report the longitudinal analysis of three COVID-19 patients with moderate (#1) and mild disease (#2 and #3). Antibody serum responses were analyzed using spike glycoprotein enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), full-proteome peptide, and glycan microarrays. ELISA immunoglobulin A, G, and M (IgA, IgG, and IgM) signals increased over time for individuals #1 and #2, whereas #3 only showed no clear positive IgG and IgM result. In contrast, peptide microarrays showed increasing IgA/G signal intensity and epitope spread only in the moderate patient #1 over time, whereas early but transient IgA and stable IgG responses were observed in the two mild cases #2 and #3. Glycan arrays showed an interaction of antibodies to fragments of high-mannose and core N-glycans, present on the viral shield. In contrast to protein ELISA, microarrays allow for a deeper understanding of IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody responses to specific epitopes of the whole proteome and glycans of SARS-CoV-2 in parallel. In the future, this may help to better understand and to monitor vaccination programs and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutics.
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