期刊
MICROORGANISMS
卷 9, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040856
关键词
bacteriophage; Oenococcus oeni; malolactic fermentation; integrase; recombination
类别
资金
- Conseil Regional Nouvelle Aquitaine
- French ANR [ANR-2020-CE20-0008-01]
Oenococcus oeni harbors prophages that play a significant role in driving horizontal gene transfer and contributing to within-species bacterial diversity. The diversity patterns of prophages vary significantly among different host lineages and environmental niches, highlighting their pervasive presence and impact within the species.
Oenococcus oeni is the most exploited lactic acid bacterium in the wine industry and drives the malolactic fermentation of wines. Although prophage-like sequences have been identified in the species, many are not characterized, and a global view of their integration and distribution amongst strains is currently lacking. In this work, we analyzed the complete genomes of 231 strains for the occurrence of prophages, and analyzed their size and positions of insertion. Our data show the limited variation in the number of prophages in O. oeni genomes, and that six sites of insertion within the bacterial genome are being used for site-specific recombination. Prophage diversity patterns varied significantly for different host lineages, and environmental niches. Overall, the findings highlight the pervasive presence of prophages in the O. oeni species, their role as a major source of within-species bacterial diversity and drivers of horizontal gene transfer. Our data also have implications for enhanced understanding of the prophage recombination events which occurred during evolution of O. oeni, as well as the potential of prophages in influencing the fitness of these bacteria in their distinct niches.
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