Review
Oncology
Jamie E. Chaft, Yu Shyr, Boris Sepesi, Patrick M. Forde
Summary: Biomarker-informed clinical trials are pushing the treatment of early-stage lung cancer beyond cytotoxic chemotherapy, with the incorporation of targeted and immunotherapies. Adjuvant osimertinib, preoperative chemoimmunotherapy, and adjuvant immunotherapy could improve outcomes for resectable lung cancer patients, and ongoing or planned studies focusing on biomarkers, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy may further enhance survival.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yujiao Deng, Hongtao Li, Yi Zheng, Zhen Zhai, Meng Wang, Shuai Lin, Yizhen Li, Bajin Wei, Peng Xu, Ying Wu, Xinyue Deng, Si Yang, Jun Lyu, Jingjing Hu, Huaying Dong, Zhijun Dai
Summary: Patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) who underwent postoperative radiotherapy showed improved overall survival compared to those who received preoperative radiotherapy, indicating that preoperative radiotherapy did not present a better survival outcome than postoperative radiotherapy for LABC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ning Li, Xiaoyong Xiang, Dongbin Zhao, Xin Wang, Yuan Tang, Yihebali Chi, Lin Yang, Liming Jiang, Jun Jiang, Jinming Shi, Wenyang Liu, Hui Fang, Yu Tang, Bo Chen, Ningning Lu, Hao Jing, Shunan Qi, Shulian Wang, Yueping Liu, Yongwen Song, Yexiong Li, Liyuan Zhang, Jing Jin
Summary: The study compared oncologic outcomes in locally advanced gastric cancer patients treated with preoperative chemo-radiotherapy (pre-CRT) and postoperative chemo-radiotherapy (post-CRT), and found that preoperative CRT showed advantages in disease-free survival.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Wegener, Daniel M. Aebersold, Marc-Oliver Grimm, Peter Hammerer, Michael Froehner, Markus Graefen, Dirk Boehmer, Daniel Zips, Thomas Wiegel
Summary: The results of three randomized clinical trials comparing adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) and early salvage radiotherapy (eSRT) for prostate carcinoma were recently published. The findings suggest that early eSRT is as effective and potentially less toxic than ART. Therefore, eSRT should be considered the standard of care. However, ART remains a valid treatment option for patients with high-risk features.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zonglin Jiao, Shoubo Cao, Jianhua Li, Nan Hu, Yinghui Gong, Linduo Wang, Shi Jin
Summary: The study showed that combined elevated preoperative and postoperative CEA levels are an independent adverse prognostic factor for stages I-III lung adenocarcinoma. Patients with normal preoperative CEA had better survival rates, while those with elevated preoperative and postoperative CEA had the worst prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xiufen Hu, Xiaodan He
Summary: With the advancement of thoracoscopy technology and equipment, minimally invasive surgery has become the mainstream approach for lung cancer resection, especially single-port thoracoscopic surgery. This surgery not only reduces postoperative incision pain, but also has comparable surgical outcomes to multi-hole thoracoscopic surgery and traditional thoracotomy. However, thoracoscopic surgery can induce stress in lung cancer patients, which affects lung function recovery. Rapid rehabilitation surgery is important for improving patient prognosis and promoting early recovery.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Antonin Levy, Olaf Mercier, Cecile Le Pechoux
Summary: Patients with locally advanced resected non-small-cell lung cancer have a high risk of relapse. The use of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) has been controversial, and its role in patients with incomplete resection and completely resected cancer is still not well-defined.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hui Yang, Kunlun Wang, Shenglei Li, Yan Li, Ling Yuan
Summary: The study found that postoperative radiotherapy may improve disease-free survival of stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC patients with complete surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy, but it does not increase overall survival. Factors such as EGFR mutation status, T stage, and type of surgery may be independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival, while the type of surgery is associated with overall survival.
PATHOLOGY & ONCOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuxi Zhang, Zhipeng Xu, Hui Chen, Xinchen Sun, Zhaoyue Zhang
Summary: A retrospective cohort study comparing preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer patients revealed that the preoperative radiotherapy group had significantly higher risks of overall mortality and breast cancer-specific mortality. Survival differences were correlated with stage, molecular subtypes, and other risk factors. Despite postoperative radiotherapy remaining the primary treatment, preoperative radiotherapy has theoretical advantages worth further exploration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brian Yu, Sung Jun Ma, Olivia Waldman, Cynthia Dunne-Jaffe, Udit Chatterjee, Lauren Turecki, Jasmin Gill, Keerti Yendamuri, Austin Iovoli, Mark Farrugia, Anurag K. Singh
Summary: This retrospective cohort study found that the use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) among patients with incompletely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) increased in the US from 2004 to 2019. Furthermore, IMRT was associated with improved survival compared with 3D conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT).
Article
Oncology
Kristine N. Kim, Jonathan Heintz, Nikhil Yegya-Raman, Roger Cohen, Timothy Kegelman, Keith Cengel, Melina Marmarelis, Lova Sun, Corey Langer, Charu Aggarwal, Aditi Singh, Sunil Singhal, John Kucharczuk, Kyle Robinson, Steven Feigenberg
Summary: In this retrospective cohort study, the safety of modern postoperative radiotherapy for resected locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer was evaluated. The results showed that radiotherapy was well tolerated with low rates of non-cancer-related deaths, including cardiopulmonary deaths. Proton therapy reduced heart and lung doses significantly, but did not improve the risk of non-cancer-related deaths.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shuai Chang, Kun Zhou, Yan Wang, Yutian Lai, Guowei Che
Summary: This retrospective study found a significant correlation between low preoperative PEF and postoperative pulmonary complications. High PEF was identified as an independent protective factor for PPCs. The optimal cutoff values of PEF were determined for female (250 L/min) and male (320 L/min) patients, indicating that preoperative PEF can be a significant predictor for PPCs in surgical lung cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Shuiqing He, Danjie He, Jiaxin Li, Hongwei Yu, Shoumin Bai, Cheng Xu, Ying Huang
Summary: This study aimed to explore prognostic factors and the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary glands (LECSG). The study found that the number of positive lymph nodes (PLNs) >= 3 and tumor size >= 3 cm were independent factors for PFS in patients with neck dissection (ND). Additionally, detectable EBV DNA after surgery was a negative prognostic factor.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hyejo Ryu, Changhoon Song, Jae-Sung Kim, Jae Hyun Jeon, Sukki Cho, Kwhanmien Kim, Sanghoon Jheon, Se Hyun Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jong Seok Lee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and survival and recurrence in NSCLC patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). 97 NSCLC patients were included in the study, and higher post-RT PNI was significantly associated with better overall survival. This finding suggests that PNI can be used as a prognostic marker in this patient population.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Schrag, Qian Shi, Martin R. Weiser, Marc J. Gollub, Leonard B. Saltz, Benjamin L. Musher, Joel Goldberg, Tareq Al Baghdadi, Karyn A. Goodman, Robert R. McWilliams, Jeffrey M. Farma, Thomas J. George, Hagen F. Kennecke, Ardaman Shergill, Michael Montemurro, Garth D. Nelson, Brian Colgrove, Vallerie Gordon, Alan P. Venook, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Amylou C. Dueck, Ethan Basch, George J. Chang, Harvey J. Mamon
Summary: Preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy is as effective as preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Aurelien Jongen, Florian Charlier, Kelsey Baker, John Chang, William Hartsell, George Laramore, Pranshu Mohindra, Luigi Moretti, Mary Redman, Lane Rosen, Henry Tsai, Dirk Van Gestel, Carlos Vargas, Ramesh Rengan
Summary: This study reported the clinical outcomes of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with PBT, showing low rates of adverse events and similar survival rates to other studies. Good performance status, pencil beam scanning use, and increased EQD2 were associated with decreased mortality.
ADVANCES IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Mohammad Krayem, Ghanem E. Ghanem, Dirk Van Gestel
Summary: This review discusses the recent discoveries and advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathways related to resistance/sensitivity to radiotherapy in melanoma. Factors such as DNA damage signaling and repair proteins, tumor microenvironment, hypoxia, cell metabolism, glutathione and redox balance, protein kinase signaling pathways, pigmentation, and melanin content are found to determine the different levels of radiosensitivity among melanoma tumors.
CURRENT OPINION IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
C. Orte Cano, T. Van Meerhaeghe, J. Tannous, D. Lienard, D. Van Gestel, N. Cuylits, S. Luce, S. Carlot, A. Le Moine, S. Aspeslagh, V. del Marmol
Summary: Organ transplant recipients are more likely to develop non-melanoma skin cancers, particularly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), due to long-term use of immunosuppressants. Regular monitoring and check-ups are crucial for managing these patients.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
S. Benkhaled, C. Gomes da Silvera Cauduro, J. Alexiou, M. Jayankura, D. Van Gestel
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Tycho de Bakker, Fabrice Journe, Geraldine Descamps, Sven Saussez, Tatiana Dragan, Ghanem Ghanem, Mohammad Krayem, Dirk Van Gestel
Summary: TP53 mutation is a common genetic alteration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and targeting p53 for therapy shows potential. Therapeutic strategies can be categorized into targeting wild-type p53 degradation or inhibition, directly affecting mutated p53, and specifically targeting HPV-positive HNSCC. This review discusses p53 regulation and its targeting in combination with existing therapies, based on the classification of HNSCC according to p53 mutation status and HPV infection.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Hamza AlGhamdi, Jennifer Dhont, Mohammad Krayem, Pauline De Bruyn, Benedikt Engels, Dirk Van Gestel, Robbe Van den Begin
Summary: This article discusses the concept of oligometastatic disease, clinical evidence, and the hurdles tumor cells must overcome before widespread dissemination can occur. The spectrum theory suggests that the diversity of metastatic patterns is a result of the gradual acquisition of metastatic abilities by tumor cells. Studying biomarkers for the oligometastatic state may help identify patients who can benefit from local ablative therapies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sofian Benkhaled, Dirk Van Gestel, Carolina Gomes da Silveira Cauduro, Samuel Palumbo, Veronique del Marmol, Antoine Desmet
Summary: Due to the aging population and sun exposure trends, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is on the rise. Radiation therapy (RT) has shown to be an effective tissue-preserving option for patients who are not suitable for surgery, with positive cosmetic results and local control. However, the lack of rigorous randomized trials results in disparity in dose, fractionation, and technique recommendations.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
F. Sousa, A. Vaandering, J. G. Couto, M. Somoano, D. Van Gestel
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the existing barriers and solutions for the education and professional development of Radiation therapists (RTT) in Belgium. Interviews were conducted with experts in the field of RT, and the analysis revealed that the barriers in education and professional development are related to law, education landscape, economics, social-cultural context, politics, and professional identity. The study found no fundamental differences between nurses and MIT in the French and Dutch-speaking parts of Belgium, except for their educational backgrounds. Proposed solutions included modifying the legislative framework, providing financial support, formalizing educational requirements, and increasing professional awareness. Future strategies may involve the development of advanced roles and responsibilities.
Article
Oncology
Sofian Benkhaled, Carolina Gomes da Silveira Cauduro, Nicolas Jullian, Antoine Desmet, Diana Rodriguez, Younes Jourani, Dirk Van Gestel, Alex De Caluwe
Summary: This study analyzed 225 CBCTs from 15 patients undergoing DIBH radiotherapy, finding a wide range of heart position variations during treatment. Clinicians should be aware of individual differences to avoid cardiac overexposure and develop accurate dose-volume models.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maimouna Mane, Sofian Benkhaled, Latifatou Gueye, Josephine Frederique Mendouga Eyenga, Mamadou Moustapha Dieng, Dirk Van Gestel, Papa Macoumba Gaye
Summary: This article presents a clinical case of a 10-year-old girl with XP, who was successfully treated with radiation therapy for ocular tumor. The treatment was well-tolerated and resulted in good tumor response. Consequently, the use of radiation therapy in XP patients may need to be reconsidered.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tatiana Dragan, Andre Van Gossum, Frederic Duprez, Yassine Lalami, Yolene Lefebvre, Sofiana Mootassim-Billah, Sylvie Beauvois, Akos Gulyban, Christophe Vandekerkhove, Petra Boegner, Marianne Paesmans, Lieveke Ameye, Antoine Digonnet, Marie Quiriny, Didier Dequanter, Samuel Lipski, Esther Willemse, Alejandra Rodriguez, Sebastien Carlot, Yasemin Karaca, Marc Lemort, Patrick Emonts, Clemence Al Wardi, Dirk Van Gestel
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of prophylactic versus reactive PEG on swallowing and quality of life in oropharyngeal cancer patients, enhancing clinical evidence for nutritional management in these patients.
Article
Oncology
Martin Manderlier, Julie Navez, Matthieu Hein, Jean-Luc Engelholm, Jean Closset, Maria Antonietta Bali, Dirk Van Gestel, Luigi Moretti, Jean-Luc Van Laethem, Christelle Bouchart
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment. The study found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may offer a promising improvement in overall survival compared to conventional chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for localized PDAC.
Review
Oncology
Sofian Benkhaled, Cedric Peters, Nicolas Jullian, Tatjana Arsenijevic, Julie Navez, Dirk Van Gestel, Luigi Moretti, Jean-Luc Van Laethem, Christelle Bouchart
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) has a unique and complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that hinders effective treatment. Radiotherapy (RT) has the potential to modulate the TME and improve the efficacy of targeted therapies. Understanding the complex TME and therapy associations, including RT, is crucial for future clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Catherine Philippson, Samuel Larsen, Stephane Simon, Christophe Vandekerkhove, Alex De Caluwe, Dirk Van Gestel, Marie Chintinne, Isabelle Veys, Filip De Neubourg, Daniele Noterman, Mirela Roman, Jean-Marie Nogaret, Antoine Desmet
Summary: This study reports on the use of IOERT for the treatment of early breast cancer during conservative surgery. The results show a low rate of breast cancer local recurrence and a good balance between tumor control and radiation toxicity.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mathilde Bare, Sara Poeta, Patricia Fernandes, Younes Jourani, Francois-Xavier Otte, Sara Van Brussel, Dirk Van Gestel, Robbe Van den Begin
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of lymphocyte-rich organs at risk (LOAR) sparing in pelvic irradiation and estimate its impact on the effective dose to circulating immune cells (EDIC). The results showed that lymphocyte sparing treatment plans effectively reduced the dose to LOARs without compromising target coverage or classic organ-at-risk dose constraints.
PHYSICS & IMAGING IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
