Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Szu-Hsien Wu, Yu-Ting Liao, Chi-Han Huang, Yi-Chou Chen, En-Rung Chiang, Jung-Pan Wang
Summary: ADSCs tend to spontaneously differentiate into neuron-like cells during high confluence culture, with enhanced expression of neuronal markers and neurotrophins, while BMSCs do not show this tendency. Additionally, ADSCs do not exhibit spontaneous adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation during this process.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Niha Adnan, Fahad Umer, Shahzaib Malik
Summary: This study developed a Deep Learning algorithm for the segmentation of human mesenchymal stem cells on micrographic images and validated its performance. The results showed that both algorithms demonstrated adequate performance in the segmentation of human MSCs, with algorithm 2 exhibiting better clinical applicability.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Joan C. Fitzgerald, Niamh Duffy, Giacomo Cattaruzzi, Francesco Vitrani, Alice Paulitti, Flavia Mazzarol, Prisca Mauro, Antonio Sfiligoj, Francesco Curcio, Deirdre M. Jones, Veronica McInerney, Janusz Krawczyk, Jack Kelly, Andrew Finnerty, Katya McDonagh, Una McCabe, Matthew Duggan, Lauren Connolly, Georgina Shaw, Mary Murphy, Frank Barry
Summary: The study validates the utility of the NANT 001 bioreactor for the production of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), showing advantages in automated production of small to medium cell batches and comparable cell yield and viability to manual processing. The automated system can achieve cell standardization, reduce labor input from operators and management personnel.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lucas Eddy, Duy Xuan Luong, Jacob L. Beckham, Kevin M. Wyss, Tyler J. Cooksey, Phelecia Scotland, Chi Hun Choi, Weiyin Chen, Paul A. Advincula, Zhiyong Zhang, Vladimir Mancevski, Carter Kittrell, Yimo Han, James M. Tour
Summary: The flash Joule heating method converts carbon feedstocks into graphene using an electrical pulse. This study demonstrates the synthesis of turbostratic flash graphene from coal-based metallurgical coke using an automated FJH system. The method is energy and cost efficient, as shown by life cycle and technoeconomic assessments. Automated kilogram-scale graphene production is achieved, making it a promising technique for upcycling low value resources.
Article
Ecology
Charlotte Wiltshire, James Lewis-Cheetham, Viola Komedova, Tetsuro Matsuzawa, Kirsty E. Graham, Catherine Hobaiter
Summary: Studying animal behavior through video coding allows researchers to extract rich behavioral datasets and validate their reliability. However, manually locating relevant footage and coding behavior is time-consuming. Machine learning approaches can automate data extraction, but tracking nuanced behavior in uncontrolled visual environments remains a challenge.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xinyu Zhang, Weijie Lv, Long Zeng
Summary: This paper introduces a new and well-annotated 6D pose estimation dataset for multiple parametric templates in stacked scenarios, as well as a new 6D pose estimation network as a baseline method, with the aim of having sufficient generalization ability for parametric part objects. Experimental results have shown that the dataset has exploratory value for 6D pose estimation and parameter values prediction tasks.
Article
Agronomy
Zhaoying Chen, Rui Su, Yuliang Wang, Guofang Chen, Zhiqiao Wang, Peijun Yin, Jinxing Wang
Summary: This study introduces a method for orchard blooming level estimation using deep learning and model optimization, which can accurately estimate the blooming level of orchards and help fruit growers determine the optimal blooming time.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Naoki Ishiuchi, Ayumu Nakashima, Satoshi Maeda, Yoshie Miura, Kisho Miyasako, Kensuke Sasaki, Toshio Uchiki, Ayano Sasaki, Shogo Nagamatsu, Naoki Nakao, Masataka Nagao, Takao Masaki
Summary: Fibrosis is a common histological feature in chronic organ injury, leading to organ failure. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have been studied as a therapeutic tool to prevent organ failure. This study compared the therapeutic effects of ASCs from superficial and deep layers and found that both types of ASCs are equally effective and safe for treating organ injury.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yoojin Seo, Ji-Su Ahn, Ye Young Shin, Su-Jeong Oh, Min-Hye Song, Min-Jung Kang, Jung -Min Oh, Dongjun Lee, Yun Hak Kim, Byung-Chul Lee, Tae-Hoon Shin, Hyung-Sik Kim
Summary: This study found that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can improve olfactory dysfunction in old mice through immunomodulation. The results suggest that the growth factor Gal1 produced by MSCs plays a key role in the immunomodulatory action.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Hyo-Seok Hwang, Minhyeok Lee, Junhee Seok
Summary: In optical engineering, designing devices or systems with desired properties is important yet challenging. This paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning-based inverse design framework that utilizes a deep learning simulator to reduce training time and provides multiple design candidates to satisfy target properties.
APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Fabian Dworschak, Sebastian Dietze, Maximilian Wittmann, Benjamin Schleich, Sandro Wartzack
Summary: This paper studies the feasibility and effectiveness of applying reinforcement learning in engineering design, addressing the issues of sparse training data and limited number of samples. A novel approach for design automation is proposed, mapping engineering requirements and parametric models into learning environments. The paper also introduces hyperparameters and a transfer learning concept for reinforcement learning in related design tasks.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Heikki Astola, Lauri Seitsonen, Eelis Halme, Matthieu Molinier, Anne Lonnqvist
Summary: Estimation of forest structural variables is crucial for forestry and environmental sectors. This study investigated the use of Sentinel-2 imagery, topography data, and canopy height model with deep neural networks to predict growing stock volume in four forestry districts in Central Finland. The combination of RGB and NIR bands, imaging and sun angles, and topography features achieved the best prediction accuracy.
Article
Cell Biology
Stefania Croci, Martina Bonacini, Giovanni Dolci, Marco Massari, Nicola Facciolongo, Elisa Pignatti, Alessandra Pisciotta, Gianluca Carnevale, Aurelio Negro, Giulia Cassone, Francesco Muratore, Lucia Belloni, Alessandro Zerbini, Carlo Salvarani
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp can modulate the production of cytokines in COVID-19 patients, suggesting a potential therapeutic use in COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lina N. Zaripova, Angela Midgley, Stephen E. Christmas, Michael W. Beresford, Clare Pain, Eileen M. Baildam, Rachel A. Oldershaw
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential as immunosuppressants for treating autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. They can reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. However, during the inflammatory process, MSCs become impaired and lose their immunomodulatory activity. Despite challenges and risks, MSCs show promise in the treatment of severe diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sanshiro Kanazawa, Hiroyuki Okada, Dan Riu, Yo Mabuchi, Chihiro Akazawa, Junichi Iwata, Kazuto Hoshi, Atsuhiko Hikita
Summary: This study demonstrates the important role of c-Mpl signal in the proliferation and differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are maintained through co-culture with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Furthermore, the study suggests the existence of a hematopoietic-mesenchymal signal and highlights the significance of HSC state in the stability of MSC properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Amon Goeppert, Lea Grahn, Jonas Rachner, Dennis Grunert, Simon Hort, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: The demand for individualized products drives the development of manufacturing systems towards greater adaptability and flexibility, with digital twins serving as a fully connected digital model to physical and digital assets. Standardization and structured modeling are crucial in the creation and deployment of digital twins, along with communication standards and protocols for data exchange. However, there is a lack of consistent workflow from ontology-driven definition to standardized modeling. This paper aims to design an end-to-end digital twin pipeline and automate the process of establishing communication connections. A line-less assembly system with manual stations and a mobile robot is used as an example to explain the digital twin pipeline transparently.
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Management
Tobias Mueller, Alexander Segin, Christoph Weigand, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: This study aims to reduce the effort of modeling in determining measurement uncertainty by using feature selection methods. Two feature selection methods were identified based on their stability, universality, and complexity, which can reliably identify relevant and irrelevant influencing quantities for a measurement model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITY & RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Iakovos Amygdalos, Enno Hachgenei, Luisa Burkl, David Vargas, Paul Gossmann, Laura Wolff, Mariia Druzenko, Maik Frye, Niels Koenig, Robert H. Schmitt, Alexandros Chrysos, Katharina Joechle, Tom F. Ulmer, Andreas Lambertz, Ruth Knuchel-Clarke, Ulf P. Neumann, Sven A. Lang
Summary: This study investigated the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) combined with convolutional neural networks (CNN) to differentiate colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) from healthy liver parenchyma. The results showed that OCT combined with CNN can accurately distinguish between healthy liver and CRLM ex vivo. Further research is needed to improve these results and develop in vivo diagnostic technologies, such as intraoperative scanning of resection margins.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Andreas Ulm, Mirza Tareq Ahmed, Robert Schmitt
Summary: We propose an optical setup based on a spatial light modulator (SLM) for rapid micro structuring such as laser lithography. The system addresses beam shaping and mitigates common issues of SLMs. Separating the zero-order focal plane from the first image plane and applying Fourier filtering improves image quality and achieves a resolution of approximately 11 μm.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Laura I. Wolff, Enno Hachgenei, Paul Gossmann, Mariia Druzenko, Maik Frye, Niels Koenig, Robert H. Schmitt, Alexandros Chrysos, Katharina Joechle, Daniel Truhn, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Andreas Lambertz, Nadine T. Gaisa, Danny Jonigk, Tom F. Ulmer, Ulf P. Neumann, Sven A. Lang, Iakovos Amygdalos
Summary: In this study, the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) combined with convolutional neural networks (CNN) to differentiate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) from normal liver parenchyma ex vivo was investigated. The results showed that OCT combined with CNN can effectively differentiate iCCA from normal liver parenchyma through scanning and histological examination of liver resection specimens.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Caroline Girmen, Clemens Dittmar, Thorsten Siedenburg, Markus Gastens, Michael Wlochal, Niels Koenig, Kai-Uwe Schroeder, Stefan Schael, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: The AMS-100 magnetic spectrometer with a superconducting coil is designed for measuring cosmic rays and detecting cosmic antimatter. The extreme space environment necessitates a suitable sensing solution, such as distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) based on Rayleigh scattering, to monitor critical structural changes. This study investigated the strain and temperature coefficients of the optical fiber, KT and Ke, for a temperature range of 77 K to 353 K. The results showed a linear temperature dependence of Ke and a non-linear temperature dependence of KT. With the parameters determined in this study, the DOFS can accurately determine the strain or temperature of an aluminum structure throughout the entire temperature range.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Florian Nienhaus, Tobias Piotrowski, Bastian Niessing, Niels Koenig, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: Adaptive phase contrast microscopy compensates for the meniscus effect to increase the observable area, especially for small well sizes. Experiments show that for 96-well plates, the observable area can be increased by more than twelve times compared to standard phase contrast microscopy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lukas Conrads, Natalie Honne, Andreas Ulm, Andreas Hessler, Robert Schmitt, Matthias Wuttig, Thomas Taubner
Summary: This study demonstrates flexible encoding of different absorption/emission properties within a metasurface. By patterning cm-sized stripe gratings on an adaptable grating absorber metasurface using a commercial direct laser writing setup, the plasmonic phase-change material In3SbTe2 (IST) is locally switched between an amorphous and crystalline state to achieve control over the emissivity. The laser power and IST stripe width can be modified to encode different polarization-sensitive patterns with nearly perfect absorption. The results pave the way for low-cost, large-area, and adaptable metasurfaces with wavelength and polarization-selective perfect absorption for applications such as enhanced thermal detection, infrared camouflage, or encoding anti-counterfeiting symbols.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhipeng Ma, Marco Kemmerling, Daniel Buschmann, Chrismarie Enslin, Daniel Luetticke, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: Causal inference is a fundamental research topic for discovering cause-effect relationships. Time series data provides a good basis for inferring causal relationships. This publication proposes a new data-driven two-phase multi-split causal ensemble model to combine the strengths of different causality base algorithms.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Florian Narrog, Richard Lensing, Tobias Piotrowski, Nadine Nottrodt, Martin Wehner, Bastian Niessing, Niels Koenig, Arnold Gillner, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: The LIFTOSCOPE technology integrates analysis and isolation into one versatile, fully automated device. It utilizes high-speed microscopy, AI-based semantic segmentation, and laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) for efficient cell cultivation and analysis. The feasibility of the concept has been proven through individual process tests.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Laura Herbst, Ferdinand Groten, Mary Murphy, Georgina Shaw, Bastian Niessing, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: This study presents an adaptable and modular automation concept for handling the expansion, differentiation, and purification of iPSCs through integration of existing automation technologies, in order to meet the requirements of clinical production.
Meeting Abstract
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Judith Krieger, Bastian Niessing, Niels Koenig, Frank P. Luyten, Ioannis Papantoniou, Robert H. Schmitt
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Jordi Biosca Caro, Junaid Ansari, Ahmed Raza Sayyed, Peter de Bruin, Joachim Sachs, Niels Koenig, Robert H. Schmitt
Summary: 5G NR non-public network deployments for industrial and enterprise applications are gaining popularity. Coexisting networks on the same or adjacent spectrum bands may deteriorate performance, thus requiring appropriate interference mitigation. This paper presents empirical results on the impact of coexisting 5G NR networks on adjacent channels, including latency, throughput, and mitigation techniques.
2023 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE, WCNC
(2023)
