Article
Polymer Science
Guilhem Coste, Dimitri Berne, Vincent Ladmiral, Claire Negrell, Sylvain Caillol
Summary: Polyurethane foams, currently dominating the global foam market, face the challenge of using toxic isocyanate reagents. A new tetrafunctional cyclic carbonate, TC6, has been synthesized, leading to the successful production of polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) foams. These PHU foams exhibit interesting properties and have the potential to be used in applications such as seating or insulation mattresses.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Camille Bakkali-Hassani, Dimitri Berne, Pauline Bron, Lourdes Irusta, Haritz Sardon, Vincent Ladmiral, Sylvain Caillol
Summary: This study investigated various catalysts for the preparation of polyhydroxyurethane covalent adaptable networks. The catalyst systems were selected based on their ability to quantitatively promote cyclic carbonate aminolysis with minimal urea formation. The selected networks were extensively characterized using various techniques. The results suggested a catalyst-dependent exchange mechanism, in which the organotin Lewis acid (DBTDL) efficiently promoted transcarbamoylation in PHU, leading to efficient reprocessing.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Juliana J. Santos, Jose H. Lopes, Kelen M. F. Rossi de Aguiar, Mateus B. Simoes, Jean-Claude M'peko, Renato G. Jasinevicius, Eder T. Cavalheiro, Hidetake Imasato, Ubirajara P. Rodrigues-Filho
Summary: Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) were prepared via a non-toxic route using CO2 sourced monomers, achieving excellent conversion ratio of cyclic carbonate. Aminosilylated-mica was used as reinforcement to improve mechanical properties and charge dissipation. The hybrid system showed improved mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties due to higher crosslinking density in the organosilicate network.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nathan S. Purwanto, Yixuan Chen, John M. Torkelson
Summary: In order to address environmental concerns and achieve a circular economy for polymers, we have developed a series of bio-waste-based polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) foams. These foams, containing up to 80 wt% bio-based content, were created by utilizing the aminolysis and decarboxylation reaction of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL)-based cyclic carbonate with thiols to release CO2 as a blowing agent. By adjusting the blowing agent concentrations, we demonstrated the tunability of the morphologies and mechanical properties of CNSL-based PHU foams. Furthermore, we repurposed these foams into bulk materials and successfully reprocessed them by exploiting the dynamic chemistries of the hydroxyurethane linkages.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maxime Bourguignon, Bruno Grignard, Christophe Detrembleur
Summary: This article reports a simple and scalable process for preparing non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) foams. The process replaces the previous use of toxic isocyanate-based chemistry with a more sustainable variant that forms CO2 through the hydrolysis of a comonomer. The process allows for the production of greener polyurethane foams using readily available low-cost starting materials.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zenghe Liu, Zizheng Fang, Ning Zheng, Kexuan Yang, Zhuo Sun, Sujing Li, Wei Li, Jingjun Wu, Tao Xie
Summary: Current strategies for recycling polyurethane thermosets are economically unattractive and/or lead to recycled products with inferior properties. However, a highly efficient chemical strategy has been developed to upcycle thermoset polyurethane foams, producing products of higher economic value.
Article
Polymer Science
Guilhem Coste, Maxinne Denis, Rodolphe Sonnier, Sylvain Caillol, Claire Negrell
Summary: Polyurethane (PU) foams are commonly used materials, but the use of toxic isocyanate monomers in their synthesis has led to the study of non-isocyanate PU foams. The introduction of phosphorus-based flame retardants improves the flame retardant properties of the foams. The influence of cyclic carbonate structures on thermal stability and mechanical properties of the foams was analyzed. The best results were obtained with a foam containing 2 wt% of phosphorus and two aromatic rings in the cyclic carbonate structure.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Soilikki Kotanen, Minna Poikelispaa, Alexander Efimov, Tapani Harjunalanen, Christopher Mills, Timo Laaksonen, Essi Sarlin
Summary: Polyurethane/polyhydroxyurethane (PU/PHU) hybrid materials show potential as alternatives to PU adhesives with good mechanical and adhesive properties, but are susceptible to water uptake leading to potential bond failure. After water immersion, cohesive strength of PU/PHU increases while adhesive strength decreases, requiring careful application design for optimal usage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Dallin L. Smith, Danixa Rodriguez-Melendez, Sidney M. Cotton, Yufeng Quan, Qingsheng Wang, Jaime C. Grunlan
Summary: A bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) with improved thermal stability and flame resistance was developed by adding glutaraldehyde and different carboxylic acids to obtain a foamed structure. Compared to conventional PU foam, this material shows higher heat resistance and flame retardant properties.
Article
Polymer Science
Said El Khezraji, Manal Chaib, Suman Thakur, Mustapha Raihane, Miguel A. Lopez-Manchado, Raquel Verdejo, Mohammed Lahcini
Summary: Poly(hydroxyurethanes) (PHUs) are suggested as isocyanate-free, low-toxicity alternatives to polyurethanes (PUs), but their mechanical properties are limited by side reactions. In this study, a bi-cyclic carbonate monomer was synthesized under mild conditions and atmospheric pressure to produce PHU nanocomposites with good physical properties.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maxinne Denis, Guilhem Coste, Rodolphe Sonnier, Sylvain Caillol, Claire Negrell
Summary: This article focuses on the synthesis of PHU materials containing novel phosphorus flame retardants. Four different phosphorus compounds were grafted onto cyclic carbonate, and three novel phosphorus reactive cyclic carbonates were synthesized. The PHU materials were characterized and their thermal stability and flame-retardant properties were investigated. The different modes of action of phosphorus flame retardants in PHU materials were highlighted, depending on the oxidation state of phosphorus.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Enzo Pichon, David De Smet, Paul Rouster, Kim Freulings, Andrij Pich, Katrien V. Bernaerts
Summary: In this study, non-isocyanate polyurethane(urea)s with high bio-based content were synthesized and used as cationic waterborne dispersions in a sustainable coating system. The functionality and hydrophobicity of the neutralization agent as well as the dicarbamate monomer structures were investigated. The results showed that the combination of a monofunctional and hydrophilic neutralization agent led to stable dispersions with better properties compared to the commercial waterborne polyurethane dispersion reference.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Sumeng Hu, Xi Chen, John M. Torkelson
Summary: PDMS-based, segmented polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) with excellent hydrophobicity and tunable rubbery moduli have been successfully synthesized by controlling the hard-segment content and soft-segment molecular weight.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tonghe Zhang, Bailiang Xue, Quan Yan, Yue Yuan, Jiaojun Tan, Ying Guan, Jialong Wen, Xinping Li, Wei Zhao
Summary: The development of non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) has been driven by the increasing demand for less toxic and non-dangerous chemicals for material preparation. Lignin, a natural and sustainable polymer, has been used to replace petroleum-derived chemicals in the synthesis of NIPUs. This study successfully synthesized lignin/NIPU hybrid polymers (LNIPUs), which exhibited excellent mechanical and thermal performance, as well as smart properties such as shape memory, self-healing, and reprocessability. The LNIPUs also showed outstanding adhesive properties, with a maximum adhesive strength of 24.5 MPa when bonding aluminum plates.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Nataliia Babkina, Oksana Antonenko, Ludmila Kosyanchuk, Liubov Vorontsova, Oleg Babich, Olexander Brovko
Summary: This study presents different ways to design damping polyurethane materials using two initial polyurethanes with different compositions. The designed materials show controlled temperature ranges of effective damping, offering a new approach to developing high-performed damping materials. Characterization techniques such as infrared spectroscopy, microscopy, contact angle measurements, and tensile tests were used. Dynamic mechanical analysis was employed to investigate the viscoelastic properties and evaluate damping ability.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Bay, Keegan P. Fitzpatrick, Gisela A. Gonzalez-Montiel, Abdikani Omar Farah, Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This study reports the light-driven synthesis of aliphatic and alpha-amino ketones using single-electron NHC operators. Computational and experimental results show that the reactivity of the key radical intermediate depends on the substrate and can be modulated through steric and electronic parameters of the NHC. This methodology is showcased in the direct late-stage functionalization of amino acids and pharmaceutical compounds, highlighting the utility of single-electron NHC operators.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Joshua L. Zhu, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: Despite recent advancements in the selective generation and coupling of organic radical species, the alkoxycarbonyl radical remains underexplored relative to other carbon-containing radical species. Inspired by strategies using dual N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis and photocatalysis, dimethylimidazolium esters were prepared as alkoxycarbonyl radical surrogates under photocatalytic conditions, showing synthetic utility in coupling with an oxidatively generated alkyl radical to form esters.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ada J. Kwong, Thao N. D. Pham, Hannah E. Oelschlager, Hidayatullah G. Munshi, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: The study presents two potent MEK4 inhibitors which showed significant reduction in phospho-JNK and antiproliferative properties against pancreatic cancer cell lines. Additionally, molecular inhibition of the MEK4 pathway activates the MEK1/2 pathway, with the combination of MEK1/2 and MEK4 inhibitors demonstrating synergistic effects against pancreatic cancer cells. These inhibitors provide insight into the crosstalk between MAPK pathways and new tools for elucidating the roles of MEK4 in disease states.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Pengzhi Wang, Keegan P. Fitzpatrick, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: The research presents a method for synthesizing gamma-aryloxyketones via combined NHC/photoredox catalysis, where an α-aryloxymethyl radical is coupled with styrene derivatives and then with an azolium radical to produce the desired products.
ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Eric R. Miller, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This article summarizes the research on the total synthesis of bioactive alkaloids, highlighting the importance and achievements of catalytic asymmetric methods in this field, and providing new inspiration for future synthesis of these important natural products.
SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Bay, Emelia J. Farnam, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This study presents a novel tandem carbene and photoredox-catalyzed process for the synthesis of substituted cycloalkanones, offering a new approach for constructing important cyclic scaffolds.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Meghan J. Orr, Andrew B. Cao, Charles Tiancheng Wang, Arsen Gaisin, Adam Csakai, Alec P. Friswold, Herbert Y. Meltzer, John D. McCorvy, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This study identified a potential agonist activity of substituted tetrahydro-beta-carbolines across the 5-HT2 receptor family, laying a foundation for future research in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seunghwan Byun, Abdikani Omar Farah, Henry R. Wise, Andrew Katchmar, Paul H. -Y. Cheong, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This study reveals an approach for the copper-catalyzed synthesis of enantioenriched amides bearing an alpha-stereogenic center. The addition of an allyl copper species to an isocyanate allows access to alpha-substituted chiral amides in high yields and high-to-excellent enantioselectivities. The utility of alpha-vinyl beta-boryl amides in synthesis is highlighted by the diversification of products to afford highly useful scaffolds.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joshua L. Zhu, Cullen R. Schull, Anthony T. Tam, Angel Renteria-Gomez, Achyut Ranjan Gogoi, Osvaldo Gutierrez, Karl A. . Scheidt
Summary: Stable acyl azolium salts can undergo intermolecular HAT reaction upon LED irradiation to afford ketones.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dalton R. Kim, Meghan J. Orr, Ada J. Kwong, Kristine K. Deibler, Hasan H. Munshi, Cory Seth Bridges, Taylor Jie Chen, Xiaoyu Zhang, H. Daniel Lacorazza, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade is essential for regulating various cellular activities across eukaryotes. In this study, a novel class of irreversible MAP2K7 inhibitors was designed and synthesized, with promising in vitro potency and selectivity, as well as favorable cellular activity. These compounds show potential as powerful tools for studying pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiupeng Peng, Achyut Ranjan Gogoi, Osvaldo Gutierrez, Angel Renteria-Gomez, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This article reports a divergent process for the synthesis of α-hydroxy/amino ketones or β-keto-phosphonates through a light-induced coupling of activated carboxylic acids and alcohols/amines via single-electron chemistry. This process enables new carbon-carbon bond formation using a phosphorous linchpin strategy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seunghwan Byun, Meemie U. Hwang, Henry R. Wise, Anna V. Bay, Paul H. -Y. Cheong, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: This study explores the enantioselective carbene-catalyzed radical-radical coupling reaction of acyl imidazoles and racemic Hantzsch esters, leading to the synthesis of chiral alpha-aryl aliphatic ketones. The method shows potential application in pharmaceutical synthesis.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Michael J. Rourke, Matthew J. McGill, Daniel Yang, Emelia J. Farnam, Joshua L. Zhu, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: Potassium trifluoroborates have been widely used as coupling partners in organic synthesis, and also as radical precursors to generate carbon-centered radicals under oxidative conditions. These versatile reagents have found new applications in photoredox catalysis, including radical substitution, conjugate-addition reactions, and transition-metal dual catalysis. In addition, this photomediated redox-neutral process enables radical-radical coupling with persistent radicals in the absence of metals, which remains to be fully explored.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Cao, Joshua L. Zhu, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: In this study, a cerium-catalyzed acylation reaction was reported, which can acylate unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds under mild and operationally-friendly conditions. The reaction shows excellent generality, accommodating a wide range of feedstock chemicals, and facilitating the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Bay, Karl A. Scheidt
Summary: Chemists have used the polarity reversal reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to build key chemical bonds, and their redox properties enable the synthesis of stable radical species. This has greatly contributed to the field of synthetic chemistry and the revival of radical chemistry.
TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Mustafa Kalay, Abidin Esidir, Mahmut Ruzi, N. Burak Kiremitler, Mustafa Serdar Onses
Summary: This study proposes stable and addressable polymer PUFs, utilizing a cross-linkable polymer system, which demonstrates high stochastic characteristics and low-cost production. The performance of the polymer features is evaluated through various analyses, and direct image authentication is achieved using feature matching algorithms.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Jingyu Jin, Guoqiang Lu, Jun Nie, Xiaoqun Zhu
Summary: Photopolymerization technology is limited in the fields of food packaging and biomedicine due to the high migration of small molecules from photoinitiators. In this study, a polymerizable 2-vinyl thioxanthone (ETX) was synthesized to improve the migration stability of photoinitiators. Macromolecular photoinitiators (PPI1, PPI2) were also prepared to further reduce migration. The results showed that the ETX/TEOA system had higher initiation performance and PPI2 displayed favorable initiation ability. Additionally, the migration of ETX, PPI1, and PPI2 in photocured film was significantly reduced. These low-migration photoinitiators have potential applications in the fields of food packaging and biological materials.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Weijie Li, Jun Nie, Yingying Zhao, Xiaoqun Zhu
Summary: This study focuses on the development of high-performance, low-migration photoinitiators. A polymerizable photoinitiator (VBP) was synthesized by introducing an ethylene group into benzophenone, and three different molecular weight single-component photoinitiators (PVBN1-3) were synthesized based on VBP. The results show that these new photoinitiators have stronger absorption ability compared to benzophenone and significantly reduce the migration of initiators and co-initiators, addressing the safety concerns caused by migration.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Seira Morimune-Moriya, Yuki Iwahashi, Mitsuru Nakamura, Daisuke Ogawa, Keiji Nakamura
Summary: This study investigates the effect of plasma treatment on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the structure/properties of polyimide (PI) nanocomposites with ultra-low content of CNTs. The results show that plasma treatment introduces isocyanate groups on the surface of CNTs and enhances the interfacial interaction between PI and treated CNTs. This leads to a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites, with even a small addition of treated CNTs showing a substantial increase in Young's modulus, tensile strength and toughness.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanlong Li, Chaojie Chen, Guoqing Cui, Li Liu, Chao Zhou, Guangfeng Wu
Summary: In this study, a novel ion-conducting hydrogel was fabricated using a straightforward approach. The hydrogel showed excellent tensile properties and high toughness due to physical interactions and covalent binding. Additionally, the introduction of hydroxyethyl cellulose and lithium chloride improved the biocompatibility, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and frost resistance of the hydrogel, demonstrating its potential for cold climate applications.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Dengwei Yan, Jinxian Yang, Xuejun Pan, Xiaozheng Duan, Lianwei Li, Mo Zhu
Summary: The influence of backbone length on grafting efficiency during the graft-onto reaction process was investigated. It was found that the polydispersity effect of backbone length does not affect the final grafting efficiency, indicating that the local dynamics of chain segments dominate the graft-onto process.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Zhaoyi Luo, Xianjie Pan, Fanqi Liu, Quanxi Yi, Yanning Zeng, Yunhua Chen, Chaoyang Wang
Summary: This study provides a method to prepare high-performance epoxy materials with good malleability and thermal stability. The materials have self-healing and welding capabilities, thanks to the addition of specific chemical bonds and network structures. They exhibit mechanical properties comparable to commercial epoxy resins and show great potential for sustainable industrial development.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Chaoji Xiong, Hao Wang, Lihua Deng, Kun Liang, Chunhua Wu, Wei Wu, Qian Chen
Summary: In this study, four polyamides were synthesized and their adsorption performances for Hg2+ in aqueous systems were investigated. The polyamides exhibited high adsorption capacities and excellent reusability, with the involvement of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen in the chemical adsorption process of Hg2+.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Siim Laanesoo, Olivier Bonjour, Rauno Sedrik, Iris Tamsalu, Patric Jannasch, Lauri Vares
Summary: The insertion of rigid aliphatic or aromatic building blocks in polymer structures is an effective way to synthesize high -Tg polymer materials. In this study, a series of isosorbide-2-aryl carboxylate-5-methacrylate monomers (ArIMAs) were synthesized by functionalizing isosorbide 5-methacrylate with various aromatic lignin-inspired esters. These monomers were polymerized to obtain high molecular-weight poly(aryl carboxylate isosorbide methacrylates) (PArIMAs). The resulting polymers showed high glass transition temperatures and thermal stability, making them suitable for use as high-performance plastics and coatings.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuqian Wu, Weijie Xu, Jianliang Li, Zhangfeng Zhong, Liqing Huang, Shengke Li, Huaping Tan
Summary: This study investigates the improvement of degradation and drug release characteristics of dynamic Schiff base-mediated natural polysaccharide hydrogels using tannic acid (TA), leading to enhanced stability and functionality.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Xi Zhang, Xiangli Kong, Xin Zhou, Yiyan Gao, Yibo Sun, Guanghui Gao, Wei Liu, Kai Shi
Summary: Conductive hydrogels have great development prospects in flexible strain sensors, but long-term direct contact with human skin can cause bacterial infection. A hydrogel with antibacterial, biocompatibility, and toughness was designed and manufactured using a freeze-thaw method. The hydrogel maintains tensile properties and fatigue resistance at low temperatures and is resistant to bacteria. Therefore, hydrogel sensors can be used to monitor human movements.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Wei Zhang, Jiangang Yu, Mingyang Wu, Rui Li, Anqiang Zhang, Yaling Lin
Summary: In this study, polyacrylamide containing quaternary ammonium salts (PAM-X) were synthesized and found to effectively inhibit soil-borne pathogenic fungi while maintaining the balance of microbial population in soil. PAM-X also showed low toxicity to earthworms and fish, providing a new method for the prevention and control of soil-borne fungal diseases.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Jiawen He, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Jian Yang, Yanhui Zhang, Wenbing Huang, Chenguang Ouyang
Summary: This review discusses the use of polymeric hydrogels for atmospheric water harvesting (AWH), including the mechanism of water sorption, fabrication methods, and strategies for optimizing the structure of hydrogels. The extended applications of hygroscopic photothermal hydrogels, such as agricultural irrigation and dehumidification, are also explored. The challenges and prospects of using polymeric hydrogels for AWH are summarized.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
Article
Polymer Science
Ying Du, Shuaishuai Lu, Yuanna Sun, Qingshan Li, Xinhai He
Summary: This study introduces a method to improve the performance of hydrogels by incorporating proline, resulting in hydrogels with excellent stretchability, high conductivity, and long-term stability. The hydrogel remains flexible and conductive even at ultra-low temperatures.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2024)
