Article
Clinical Neurology
Lars Vedel Kessing, Simon Christoffer Ziersen, Thomas Gerds, Esben Budtz-Jorgensen
Summary: This nationwide population-based longitudinal register linkage study aimed to investigate the long-term response to lithium in patients with bipolar disorder with and without comorbid epilepsy. The study also aimed to compare differences in responses between lithium, valproate, and lamotrigine within patients with comorbid bipolar disorder and epilepsy. The findings suggest that valproate and lamotrigine should be given priority in these patients.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gregory Jones, Carola Rong, Courtney M. Vecera, Christopher Gurguis, Roshan Chudal, Rushaniya Khairova, Edison Leung, Ana C. Ruiz, Lokesh Shahani, Marcus Zanetti, Rafael T. de Sousa, Geraldo Busatto, Jair Soares, Wagner F. Gattaz, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira
Summary: Lithium may play an important role in treating comorbid anxiety in bipolar disorder, both as adjunct and monotherapy. Lower doses of lithium may provide equivalent efficacy and enhance tolerability and compliance.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Livia J. De Picker, Marion Leboyer, John R. Geddes, Manuel Morrens, Paul J. Harrison, Maxime Taquet
Summary: This study suggests that patients with therapeutic levels of lithium have a lower risk of COVID-19 infection, regardless of underlying psychiatric diagnosis or vaccination status, based on electronic health records.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ching-Hua Lin, Hung-Yu Chan, Cheng-Chung Chen, Frank Huang-Chih Chou
Summary: Prescribing patterns for patients with bipolar disorder discharged from two public psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan changed significantly over a 14-year period, with increased prescription rates of antipsychotics and antidepressants, and decreased rates of mood stabilizers. These changes were not in line with evidence-based treatment and guidelines, indicating a need for further exploration of long-term outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vincenzo Micale, Martina Di Bartolomeo, Serena Di Martino, Tibor Stark, Bernardo Dell'Osso, Filippo Drago, Claudio D'Addario
Summary: The etiopathogenesis of mental disorders involves multiple genetic factors and a tight association between genes and environmental risk factors mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and interference of microRNA or long non-coding RNA have been found to influence the severity of the disease and the outcome of therapy. Understanding these mechanisms can help identify vulnerable patients and serve as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeria Tretyak, Dylan E. Kirsch, Sepeadeh Radpour, Wade A. Weber, Kim Fromme, Stephen M. Strakowski, Elizabeth T. C. Lippard
Summary: This study found that there are differences in subjective response to alcohol between individuals with bipolar disorder and typically developing individuals, which are associated with variations in gray matter volume in the OFC. Individuals with bipolar disorder and typically developing individuals exhibit differences in subjective response and drinking patterns, which are related to OFC biology.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Parya Valizadeh, Giulia Cattarinussi, Fabio Sambataro, Paolo Brambilla, Giuseppe Delvecchio
Summary: This review examines the impact of medication on neuroimaging findings in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). The results show that medication primarily affects the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, and has the potential to normalize brain structure and function in key mood-regulating regions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Mahmoud Suliman, Michael W. Schmidtke, Miriam L. Greenberg
Summary: The current drugs used to treat bipolar disorder are not always effective and have serious side effects. The main barrier to developing new drugs is the lack of understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of currently available drugs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mauricio Tohen
Summary: Depressive episodes are common in bipolar disorder and often lead to poor functional outcomes. Limited treatments are approved for bipolar depression, but recent approval of cariprazine, a dopamine antagonist/partial agonist, shows it to be effective and well-tolerated.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stine Holmstul Glastad, Sofie Ragnhild Aminoff, Roger Hagen, Margrethe Collier Hoegh, Camilla Bakkalia Buchmann, Elizabeth Ann Barrett, Ingrid Melle, Bruno Etain, Trine Vik Lagerberg
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nicotine use, non-pathological alcohol use, affective symptoms, and sleep disturbances in individuals with bipolar disorder. The results showed that individuals with medium and high levels of daily nicotine use had a higher risk of insomnia. Non-pathological alcohol use was not associated with sleep disturbances.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yingxu Duan, Fangxinrui Qiu, Jingyuan Zhou, Shiyu Liu, Die Zhao, Changjian Qiu
Summary: The combination of lamotrigine and valproic acid can cause severe skin rash and lymphadenopathy, as shown in this rare case. Caution should be taken during titration of these two drugs, and early withdrawal is recommended when signs of hypersensitivity appear.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Els F. Halff, Marie-Caroline Cotel, Sridhar Natesan, Richard McQuade, Chris J. Ottley, Deepak P. Srivastava, Oliver D. Howes, Anthony C. Vernon
Summary: PET studies using SV2A radioligand provide evidence for synaptic dysfunction in the cingulate and frontal cortex of schizophrenia patients. Chronic exposure to antipsychotics did not affect SV2A levels, while chronic lithium exposure increased NLGN density. Further research is needed to understand the functional consequences of these changes.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel P. Moriarity, Corinne P. Bart, Allison Stumper, Payton Jones, Lauren B. Alloy
Summary: The study found that impulsive and interpersonal impairment were highly comorbid with mood symptoms, while suicidal ideation, sadness, decreased need for sleep, and guilt were most related to substance-related impairment. The components of these syndromes that confer cross-construct risk might not be the same as predicted by the other construct.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lee S. Cohen, Taylor R. Church, Marlene P. Freeman, Peter Gaccione, Phoebe S. Caplin, Lauren A. Kobylski, Miranda Arakelian, Ella T. Rossa, David Chitayat, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz, Adele C. Viguera
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the reproductive safety of two antipsychotic medications - lurasidone and quetiapine - during pregnancy. The results showed no specific association between these medications and fetal malformations, but further research is needed to refine risk estimates.
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Clement Delage, Maeva Palayer, Bruno Etain, Monique Hagenimana, Nathan Blaise, Julie Smati, Margot Chouchana, Vanessa Bloch, Valerie C. Besson
Summary: In many countries, valproate is indicated for epilepsy only, while its derivatives divalproex and valpromide are indicated for bipolar disorders only. However, the absorbed and active substance in all these drugs is the valproate ion.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Norma Verdolini, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Laura Del Matto, Michele Muscas, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Andrea Murru, Ludovic Samalin, Alberto Aedo, Mauricio Tohen, Heinz Grunze, Allan H. Young, Andre F. Carvalho, Eduard Vieta
Summary: This systematic review examined international guidelines' recommendations on the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder type I, finding that lithium is the 'gold standard' while quetiapine and aripiprazole are also first-line options. Long-term treatment should initially involve monotherapy, with clinicians regularly monitoring efficacy and side effects.
Review
Psychiatry
Anna Grunze, Christoph Born, Mette U. Fredskild, Heinz Grunze
Summary: The DSM-5 redefined the criteria for diagnosing hypomanic/manic episodes, adding increased energy/activity to the previous mood change criterion. Research indicates that this change may lead to a decrease of at least one third in the prevalence of manic/hypomanic episodes, but its impact on clinical practice and research requires further evaluation.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Katharina Kandler, Simon Witzel, Konstantin Eder, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Gabriele Nagel, Raphael S. Peter, Joachim Schuster, Johannes Dorst, Angela Rosenbohm, Albert C. Ludolph
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Angela Rosenbohm, Raphael Peter, Johannes Dorst, Jan Kassubek, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Gabriele Nagel, Albert C. Ludolph
Summary: This study found that ALS patients had reduced total PA levels compared to controls at interview and up to 5 years before interview. Total PA was not linked to ALS risk 5 to 55 years before interview, while heavy occupational work intensity was associated with increased risk. Total PA levels were non-linearly associated with survival in ALS cases, with moderate PA showing the best median survival time.
Review
Psychiatry
Heinz Grunze, Reka Csehi, Christoph Born, Agota Barabassy
Summary: The dopaminergic system plays a crucial role in SUD, BD, and refractory depression, with common genetic markers and underlying cellular processes linking these disorders with a high rate of comorbidity. Dopamine D-3 receptors are central in SUD and BD, suggesting that D-2/D-3 partial agonists/antagonists could be a potential target for both disorders in future therapeutic approaches.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Christoph Born, Heinz Grunze, Robert M. Post, Lori L. Altshuler, Ralph Kupka, Susan L. McElroy, Mark A. Frye, Trisha Suppes, Paul E. Keck, Willem A. Nolen, Lars Schaerer
Summary: This study analyzed the presence of depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder patients and found that (hypo)manic states are associated with a higher burden of depression compared to non-(hypo)manic states. Female patients were more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms, and mania and depression were shown to complement each other rather than being opposing poles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIPOLAR DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Robert M. Post, Gabriele S. Leverich, Susan L. McElroy, Ralph Kupka, Trisha Suppes, Lori L. Altshuler, Willem A. Nolen, Mark A. Frye, Paul E. Keck, Heinz Grunze, Michael Rowe
Summary: Compared to Europe, bipolar patients in the US exhibit a higher prevalence of multiple personality disorders, indicating potential differences in the course of illness that require further investigation.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Heinz Grunze, Michael Soyka
Summary: This paper explores the available pharmacotherapies for AUD, BD, and their potential utility in comorbid BD and AUD. It also touches on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and common neurobiological traits of comorbid BD and AUD to some extent.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Miriam von Mucke Similon, Cecilia Paasche, Fas Krol, Bernard Lerer, Guy M. Goodwin, Michael Berk, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Terence A. Ketter, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Joseph F. Goldberg, Gin S. Malhi, Rif El-Mallakh, Rasmus W. Licht, Allan H. Young, Flavio Kapczinski, Marnina Swartz, Michal Hagin, Carla Torrent, Alessandro Serretti, Aysegul Yildiz, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Sergio Strejilevich, Janusz Rybakowski, Gabriele Sani, Heinz Grunze, Gustavo Vazquez, Ana Gonzales Pinto, Jean Michel Azorin, Willem Nolen, Othman Sentissi, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Benicio N. Frey, Andrew Nierenberg, Gordon Parker, David J. Bond, Adam Cohen, Alfonso Tortorella, Giulio Perugi, Eduard Vieta, Dina Popovic
Summary: This study provides consensus recommendations for the selection of clinical trial design in psychiatry by surveying clinical and academic experts. The expert panel achieved consensus on 7 out of 21 recommendations regarding the use of randomized clinical trials, strongly supporting their use.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Roger S. McIntyre, Martin Aida, Ross J. Baldessarini, Michael Bauer, Michael Berk, Christoph U. Correll, Andrea Fagiolini, Kostas Fountoulakis, Mark A. Frye, Heinz Grunze, Lars Kessing, David J. M. Iklowitz, Gordon Parker, Robert M. Post, Alan C. Swann, Trisha Suppes, Eduard Vieta, Allan Young, Mario Maj
Summary: This paper aims to synthesize the clinical characteristics of patients with bipolar disorder to improve their health outcomes and treatment choices. Existing data indicate that certain features of bipolar disorder are associated with illness trajectory, treatment response, and suicide risk. Early environmental exposure is also related to the complexity of the illness.
Review
Psychiatry
Anna Grunze, Sergey Mosolov, Heinz Grunze, Christoph Born
Summary: This narrative review examines the epidemiology, consequences, and treatment options of tobacco use disorder (TUD) and nicotine dependence (ND) in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). The study found that smoking rates are 2-3 times higher in individuals with BD compared to community samples. Smoking has a detrimental impact on both mental and physical health as well as mortality in individuals with BD. Treatment options include pharmacological interventions and psychosocial interventions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Heinz Grunze
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Heinz Grunze
Summary: The comorbidity of substance use disorder with schizophrenia significantly increases morbidity and mortality compared to schizophrenia alone. Dopaminergic dysregulation appears to be a common pathophysiological basis of this comorbidity. Cariprazine, a partial agonist of D3 and D2 dopamine receptors, shows promising results in early clinical observations for the therapy of dual disorder.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ulrich W. Preuss, Martin Schaefer, Christoph Born, Heinz Grunze
Summary: Substance use disorders are highly prevalent in bipolar disorder and significantly impact clinical outcomes. The reasons behind the higher risk of addictive disorders in individuals with bipolar disorder are not yet clear, but there are common neurobiological and genetic factors. Comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches are needed for the treatment of SUD in bipolar disorder, with limited evidence on the effectiveness of certain medications and neuroprotective agents. More research and clinical trials are necessary for evidence-based best practices.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2021)